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14 different types of cement you must know

14 different types of cement you

must know
 Krishna  February 27, 2018  15 Comments

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History of Cement:-
Cement is primarily characterized into two types:-
14 Different types of cement :-

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1. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC):

2. Rapid Hardening cement:
3. Low heat portland cement: –
4. Sulphate Resisting Portland Cement:-
5. High alumina Cement:-
6. Blast furnace slag cement:-
7. Coloured Cement:-
8. Pozzolana cement :-
9. Air-entraining cement:-
10. Hydrophobic cement:-
11. Expansive cement:-
12. White Cement:-
13. Waterproof portland cement:-
14. Oil-well Cement:-

History of Cement:-
Cement is a mixture of different constituents and acts as the
main constituent in concrete, Egyptians first manufactured
Cementing materials by burning gypsum. And then Romans &
Greeks used cementing materials obtained by burning
limestone.

Romans found the fact that volcanic ash & tuff, when mixed
with limestone, gives superior mortar which has a high
quality. (The early signs of making concrete.) Since then, they
started experimenting by adding different materials in the
mix to increase the workability of mortar.

I NEED HELP WITH..

Do you know?

Romans added blood & milk to increase the

workability of mortar?

The fact that, hemoglobin acts a plasticizer which

helps in increasing workability. But later, they found
that it decreases durability.

The Portland cement was first manufactured by Joseph

Aspdin who is a bricklayer and builder. He took the patent for
Portland cement on 21st October 1824.  Since then,
continuous efforts were made on cement and found that
changing chemical compositions in cement exhibit different
characteristics and properties. With the high demand for
cement, for  widely varying conditions, the types of cement
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that  could be made only by varying the relative    proportions AUTOCAD

of the oxide compositions were not  found to be sufficient. Bar Bending Schedule
Experiments have been taken to  add new materials to the
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Cement is primarily characterized into two types:-

1. Hydraulic cement
2. Non-hydraulic cement.

Hydraulic cement:

The cement which hardens in the presence of water. because

of Hydration (The chemical reaction between cement and
water )This type of cement can also harden in underwater.
Portland cement is the best example for hydraulic cement.

Non Hydraulic cement:

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The cement which doesn’t harden underwater is called non-

hydraulic cement. This type of cement hardens when it reacts
with the atmospheric carbon dioxide (carbonation). This
cement is resistant to attack by chemicals after setting. Non-
hydraulic cement is manufactured using non-hydraulic lime,
gypsum plasters and oxychloride, which has liquid
properties.

14 Different types of cement :-

1. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC):

This is the most common type of cement which is
extensively used. It has good resistance to cracking and dry
shrinkage but less resistance to chemical attack. OPC is not
suitable for the construction work which is exposed to
sulphates in the soil.

Ordinary Portland cement is available in following types

33 grade, 43 grade & 53 grade.

The grade represents the strength of cement at 28days.

33grade = 33N/mm2

2. Rapid Hardening cement:

Rapid hardening cement is very similar to ordinary Portland
cement (OPC). The early strength is achieved by adding
excessive C3S in the mix and by lowering the C2S content in
the cement. As the name itself resembling that, this type of
cement is used where there is a need for high early strength.
Ex. Pavements, busiest roadways

The strength of Rapid Hardening cement at age of 3 days is

almost same as the 7 days strength of Ordinary Portland
cement. It requires same water-cement ratio as OPC. This
type of cement is not used for massive concrete
constructions.

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3. Low heat portland cement: –

This type of cement is manufactured by lowering the C3S
content and increasing the C2S content. It possesses less
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compressive strength than ordinary Portland cement. It has

less lime content than OPC. This type of cement is mostly
used in the construction of retaining walls and it is strictly not
suitable for thin concrete structures.

4. Sulphate Resisting Portland

Cement:-
It is manufactured by keeping the percentage of C3A below
5%. This type of cement is used where the structure is prone
to severe sulphate attacks(alkaline conditions) such as
construction in the foundation of soil, marine conditions,
sewage treatment tanks.

5. High alumina Cement:-

This type of cement has rich alumina content about 35%
which helps in gaining ultimate high strength within a short
period. This type of cement is used where a structure is
subjected to the action of sea water, chemical plants and
furnaces.

6. Blast furnace slag cement:-

This type of cement is cheaper than Ordinary Portland
cement. it is manufactured by intergrinding of OPC clinker
and blast furnace slag. Blast furnace slag cement develops
low heat of hydration and has less early strength.

7. Coloured Cement:-
This type of cement is also known as Colcrete. It is
manufactured by adding coloring pigment to the OPC. it is
used in joining tiles.

8. Pozzolana cement :-
The pozzolana is a material which is formed due to the
volcanic eruptions. It is a siliceous material having about 80%
clay in it. Pozzolana cement is manufactured by mixing 30%
of pozzolana to Ordinary Portland cement clinkers. This type
of cement is used in construction of dams and weirs.

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9. Air-entraining cement:-
This type of cement is manufactured by adding 0.025–0.1%
of air entraining agents to the ordinary Portland cement
clinker. Air entraining agents are generally made up of wood
resins, calcium agents, vegetable oils and animal fats.

10. Hydrophobic cement:-

This type of cement is manufactured by grinding ordinary
Portland cement clinker with water oleic acid or stearic acid.
These acids forms as a water repellent film around the
cement particle which increases the shelf life of cement. The
formed around each grain of cement reduces the rate of
deterioration of the cement during long storage, transport, or
under unfavourable conditions. The film is broken out when
the cement and aggregate are mixed together at the mixer
exposing the cement particles for normal hydration.

11. Expansive cement:-

This type of cement is manufactured by adding stabilizer
which stabilizes the cement to expand. This can be achieved
by adding 8-20% of sulphoaluminate & 15% of stabilizer to
the ordinary Portland cement clinker.

Concrete made up of OPC shrinks while setting due to loss of

free water. Concrete also shrinks continuously for a long
time. Cement used for grouting should not shrink or change
volume for this, we use expansive cement. the expansive
cement doesn’t show any volume change after hardening.

12. White Cement:-

This type of cement is obtained by lowering the iron oxide
content in the Ordinary Portland cement. The strength and
durability is same as OPC. This type of cement is used for
joining tiles and other interior works.

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13. Waterproof portland cement:-

This type of cement is manufactured by adding small
percentages of metal sereates in OPC during grinding. This
type of cement is used in foundations, water tanks & other
water retaining structures.

14. Oil-well Cement:-

In order to extract oil from the stratified sedimentary rocks,
Oil wells are dug to a greater depth. For safe pumping out of
extracted oil steel casing is inserted. It is likely that if oil is
struck, oil or gas may escape through the space between the
rock formation and steel casing. To fill this space Oil well
cement is used. Oil well cement is manufactured by adding
retarders (Starches or cellular products) to Ordinary Portland
cement.

Related Articles:-

How to check quality of cement on site

Fineness test of cement

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Krishna December Krishna November

25, 2019 15, 2017

DIFFERENT TYPES COMPRESSIVE

OF COLUMNS STRENGTH TEST
USED IN ON BRICKS AND
CONSTRUCTION. ITS IMPORTANCE
WHERE TO USE? Krishna March 13,
AND WHEN TO 2020
USE?
Krishna June 11,
2017

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Admin
Founder & Admin of civilread.com, I am a
civil engineer working in Ultratech Cement
Ltd. With a good subject knowledge in civil
engg i have started this blog to share
valuable information to fellow civil
engineers. You can also follow me on fb
and twitter by clicking below

Tags: cement, experiments on cement

15 COMMENTS

« Older Comments

Scot Albert February 14, 2020 Reply

14 February 2020

Krishna,

A very nice article. I have been seeking an

alternative for the construction of

“Orgone Generators”. My biggest concern

with using the standard materials

(resin based ingredients) has been the smell.

To be candid, the fumes are toxic.

It requires the use of a respirator. Otherwise,

you run the risk of inhaling materials which
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10/12/21, 1:55 PM 14 different types of cement you must know | CivilRead

could make you quite ill. I also wanted

something that would shrink once dried as
part of the construction is to place and
maintain pressure upon the crystal which is
part of the device.

Thank you for your article.

Namaste’

Scot

MUNEEB Ur Rehman June 26, 2020 Reply

Very interesting post, Thanks for sharing

such useful information here, I must visit
your site for more in the future.

Thota Hussain naidu September 27, 2020

Reply

Respect sir

I am environment engineer but just today 15divisons

cement manufacturing in India what exalent information
for me sir

Thanx lot for you God bless you sir

« Older Comments

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