DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 1

DAY 3
CONTROL STRUCTURES
SELECTION STATEMENT
PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS

Summary
DAY 2 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 2
Variables
Datatype
Type Conversion
Operators & Expressions
String
Numbers
Random
 selectively (branch) - making a choice
 repetitively (iteratively) - performing a statement over and over, also
called a

Control Structures
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 3
A computer can proceed:
 in sequence

loop
Some statements are executed only if certain conditions are
met
A condition is represented by a logical (Boolean) expression
that has a value of either true or false
A condition is met if it evaluates to true

Control Structures
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 4

Selection Structure (Decision

 Statement) DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 5

Decision making statements in programming languages decides

the direction of flow of program execution. Decision making
statements available in python are:
if statement
if..else statements
if-elif ladder
 nested if statements
 Short Hand if statement
 Short Hand if-else statement
No switch statement in python
It is used to decide whether a certain statement or block of

statements
will be executed or not i.e if a certain condition is
true then a block of
if Statement
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 6

if statement is the most simple decision making statement.

statement is executed otherwise not.

Syntax
if condition:
# Statement1
# Statement2

if Statement :
Example DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 7

# python program to illustrate If statement val1 = 4

if val1 >= 5:
print(f"{val1} is greater than 5") print("I\'m usual statement")

Result
I’m usual statement

if-else Statement
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 8

If the value of the

expression is true,
statement on true is
executed otherwise
 statement on false is executed
Syntax
if (condition):
# statement if TRUE
else:
# statement if FALSE
num = 20;
if num < 15:
print("num is smaller than 15")
else:
print("num is greater than 15")

if-else Statement : Example DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING

ESSENTIALS 9

print("I’m true")

print("I’m False")
print("I’m outside of if-else statement") Result

num is greater than 15

I’m False
I’m outside of if-else statement
1. Create a program that will determine if the
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 10

inputted positive number

2. Display the correct message.
is even or odd number.

3. Sample Output

Enter number: 38
Even number!
Practice 1
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS num1 = int(input("Enter number: "))
11

result = num1 % 2
if result == 0:
print("Even number!")
else:
print("Odd number!")
1. Create a program that will allow the user to enter 5
digit
2. Determine if the inputted is numerical palindrome.
3.
Numerical palindrome is a number that is the same
forward
positive number.
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 12

and backward such as 13431

Enter 5 digit number: 12321

It’s a NUMERICAL PALINDROME

Exercise 1
Filename: Day3_Exe1_Lastname_Firstname.py
elif (condition):

if-elif-else Statement DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS

conditio
13
Here, a user can decide among multiple options. The if statements are executed from
the top down. As soon as one of the conditions controlling the if is true, the statement
associated with that if is executed, and the rest of the ladder is bypassed. If none of the

conditions is true, then the final else statement will be executed.

Syntax true
Statement 1
if (condition): statement n1

false
true
conditio
Statement 2
n2

statement
false
n3

. . else: false
true
conditio Statement 4
Statement 3

statement
elif (i == 15):
elif (i == 20):

if-elif-else Statement : Example DAY 3 PYTHON

PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 14
 i = 20
if (i == 10):
print ("i is 10")

print ("i is 15")

print ("i is 20")

else:
print ("i is not present")
Result
i is 20

Let the user enter a number from 1 to 10 then display

DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 15

its equivalent
word.
Sample Output
Enter number 1-10: 8

The equivalent word is Eight

Practice 2
num = int(input("Enter number 1-10: "))

if num == 1:
print("One")
elif num == 2:
print("Two")
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 16
elif num == 3:
print("Three")
elif num == 4:
print("Four")
 elif num == 5:
print("Five")
elif num == 6:
print("Six")
elif num == 7:
print("Seven")
elif num == 8:
print("Eight")
elif num == 9:
print("Nine")
elif num == 10:
print("Ten")
else:
print("Invalid Range")

Nested if Statement
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 17

A nested if is an if statement that is the target of another if

statement. Nested
if statements means an if statement inside
another if statement. Syntax
 if (condition1):
# Executes when condition1 is true
if (condition2):
# Executes when condition2 is true
# if Block is end here
# if Block is end here
if (i < 15): # Nested - if statement

Nested if Statement : Example DAY 3 PYTHON

PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 18

i = 10
if (i == 10): # First if statement

print ("i is smaller than 15")

if (i < 12):
print ("i is smaller than 12 too")
else:
print ("i is greater than 15")
Result
i is smaller than 15
i is smaller than 12 too

Short Hand if Statement DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 19

Whenever there is only a single statement to be executed inside

the if block then shorthand if can be used. The statement can be put
on the same line as
the if statement. Syntax
if condition: statement
Example
# Python program to illustrate short hand if i = 10
if i < 15: print("i is less than 15") Result
i is less than 15
print(True) if i < 15 else print(False)
Short Hand if-else Statement DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS

20

This can be used to write the if-else statements in a single line

where there is
only one statement to be executed in both if and else
block. Syntax
statement_when_True if condition else
statement_when_FalseExample
# Python program to illustrate short hand if i = 10

Result
True

Compound Conditions
 DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 21

Have more than 1 conditional expression

The result of the compound expression depends on the individual
result of each condition
Use logical operators on these conditional expressions if
value1 >= 1 and value <=10: print(“Valid range”)
Sale Value Commission Up to $100 Zero
over $100 to $1000 2%
over $1000 3%
The commission is 750
A salesman is paid a commission on the following basis DAY 3 PYTHON

PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 22

Sample Output
Enter salesman sale25000

Practice 3
sales = int(input("Enter salesman sale: "))
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 23

if sales >= 1 and sales <=100:

commission = 0
elif sales >=101 and sales <=1000:
commission = float(sales * 0.02)
else:
commission = float(sales * 0.03)
print(f"The commission is {commission}")

String Methods for Conditions DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS

 str1 = "ROGIE"
24

isupper( )
islower( )
if str1.isupper():
print(str1.lower())
isdigit( )
else:
isalpha( )
print(str1.upper())

d1 = "12"
if d1.isdigit():
print("Its digit")
else:
print("Its text")
Write a program that requests the call number of a book as input and
 display the location of the book. Given a table that shows
the location of the book.
DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 25

Call Numbers Location 100 to 199 Basement 200 to 500 and

over 900 Main Floor 501 to 900 except 700 to 750 Upper
Floor 700 to 750 Archives

Sample Output
Enter book call number 600
Upper Floor

Exercise 2
Filename: Day3_Exe2_Lastname_Firstname.py
if-elif statement
Summary
 DAY 3 PYTHON PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS 26

conditional expressions
simple if statement
if-else statement

nested if
short hand if statement
shorthand if-else statement
compound condition