Republic of the Philippines

Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges

Nabua, Camarines Sur

PRINCIPLES OF REFRIGERATION

JOB REPORT

IN
PRINCIPLES OF REFRIGERATION

Name: BAGAPORO, KRISTINE JOY D. Course: ME – 3A

Job Number: 3 Description: THE BASIC REFRIGERATION CYCLE
Date Started: OCTOBER 13, 2021 Date Finished: OCTOBER 22, 2021
Grade: Remarks: _________________________
Instructor: ENGR. SAUL J. EBONITE, PME

I – Learning Objectives

At the end of this activity, you are expected to:

1. Identify the basic components of Refrigeration system;
2. Learn the basic processes occurring in each of these parts and understand the
principles behind the cooling process;
3. Visualize the system in the form of a schematic diagram and;
4. Identify which parts of the system have the high and low pressure and
temperature during normal operation.
II – Overview

One of the most important skills a refrigeration and air conditioning technician should
have is a skill on working soft copper tubing.

The four basic components of a refrigeration system ei., the compressor, condenser,
expansion device and the evaporator obviously are connected by copper tubes. It serves as line
where the refrigerant, the cooling medium, flows to arrive at these four basic components.

In this job, you are to perform actual practice on how to work soft copper tubing. This
will enable you to learn technique of how to cut, flare, swage, bend and braze soft copper tubes
by making an actual project designed and as shown in Part V (Working Drawings and Sketches)
in this job report.

III – Learning Aids

1. Refrigerator Trainer Set

IV – Procedures

1. Have yourself familiarized with the different parts and attachment of the trainer.

2. Be sure that the power main switch is set to off at horizontal position.

3. Plug in the trainer’s power cord.

4. Swing in the main switch lever to NORMAL operation. All pressure gages should read
about 100 psi. If the readings are not equal, wait about 15 minutes for the low and
high-pressure sides to equal.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges
Nabua, Camarines Sur

5. Push ON the green button of the magnetic contractor switch. The red-light indicator
must list, and the compressor motor must be running.

6. Take note of the pressure and thermometer gages reading after 30 minutes of
operation.

V – Sketch/ Working Drawing

1. The Refrigeration Trainer

2. Schematic Diagram of a Refrigeration Cycle

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 Republic of the Philippines
Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges
Nabua, Camarines Sur

VI – Practical Questions

1. What is Refrigeration?
A branch of science that deals with the process of cooling of a space or
substance below the environmental temperature.
2. Define Refrigerant.
Refrigerant is a substance which produces a refrigerating effect by its
absorption of heat while expanding or evaporating.
3. What processes makes the refrigeration system produce cold temperature in the
evaporator?
Refrigerators work by causing the refrigerant circulating inside them to
change from a liquid into a gas. This process, called evaporation, cools the
surrounding area, and produces the desired effect.
4. What is the purpose of the accumulator?
Accumulator is a pressure vessel for storing hydraulic pressure in it utilizing
compressible and decompressible nature of nitrogen gas. They are used to store
or absorb hydraulic energy. When storing energy, they receive pressurized
hydraulic fluid for later use. Sometimes accumulator flow is added to pump flow
to speed up a process.
5. What part of the system makes the cooling medium circulates?
Cooling System and is made up of passages inside the engine block
and heads, a water pump to circulate the coolant.
6. Why is it the condenser usually painted black?
Since black is a good heat-absorbing color, it is also a good heat-radiating
color. One of the things the external coils do is radiate heat, so they are painted
black to help that process.
7. Why does the suction and discharge pressure gages equalize during the off cycle of
the system?
Discharge pressure (also called high side pressure or head pressure) is the
pressure generated on the output side of a gas compressor in a refrigeration or
air conditioning system. An extremely high discharge pressure coupled with an
extremely low suction pressure is an indicator of a refrigerant restriction.
8. What do you think will happen if liquid refrigerant enters the suction side of the
compressor?
Most hermetic compressor's suction lines end at the shell of the compressor.
If liquid refrigerant is entering the compressor, liquid will fall directly into the
crankcase oil and eventually be flashed, this is referred to as flooding.
9. What is the purpose of soldering the capillary tube to the suction line of a
domestic refrigeration system?
This is done to increase vapor temperature going back to the compressor and
to decrease refrigerant temperature going into the evaporator - both conditions
that improve the operating efficiency of the refrigeration system.
10. What is the purpose of the filter/dryer?
Filter driers are usually installed in the liquid line of a dry-expansion
refrigeration system, where they have a dual function. First, they trap coarse
particulate contamination and copper shavings, and second, they capture any
moisture present in the system.