Registration ID: NSSS-20211219063143
VARIATION OF DIFFERENT ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS USING INSAT-3D/3DR OVER I NDIA DURING THE 2019-2021 PANDEMIC
Introduction
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been identified as one of the most important
environmental risk factors for public health. An accurate estimation of PM2.5 is crucial for
health-related studies to make policy decisions and for alerts for the medical emergencies
that may arise. Geostationary satellite remote sensing offers an ideal way for real-time
weather monitoring. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) derived from satellite remote sensing is
widely used to estimate surface PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diame-
ter smaller than 2.5 µm) concentrations. In this present work, We studied the variability
and trend of total column ozone (TCO) and AOD derived PM2.5 using tropical Indian
National Satellite (INSAT-3D) observations over the different Indian ground-based moni-
toring Stations (Kolkata, Delhi, Gujrat, Kanpur, Jaipur, and Pune) during 2019-2021. We
used Linear regression to estimate PM2.5 using INSAT-3D aod data and ground-based
PM2.5 station data from the OpenAQ database.
Objectives
• To estimate surface PM 2.5 concentrations from INSAT-3D derrived AOD data.
• To study the temporal variability of AOD, PM2.5, and O3 over different Indian regions.
• To validate the ground based PM2.5 data with AOD estimated PM2.5 concentration.
Data availability & Study Area
In this work, we used level 2G data from INSAT-3D Imager(available on
www.mosdoc.gov.in) acquired during the COVID-19 crisis over the different Indian
ground-based PM2.5 monitoring Stations (Kolkata, Delhi, Gujrat, Kanpur, Jaipur, and
Pune) under Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The INSAT-3D measures the top
of the atmosphere radiance at six channels, three at infrared wavelengths, one visible
wavelength, and another sensitive to both solar and earth-emitted radiance. The Visible
channel (520-720 nm) is used for AOD computation. The INSAT-3D provide daily seven
observation at 650 nm AOD at high temporal (30 min) and spatial (0.1◦ × 0.1◦) resolution.
Fig. 1: The red points show different study regions.
Souvik Manik1, Sabyasachi Pal1 and Manoj Mandal1
1Midnapore City College, Paschim Medinipur, India
Methodology Variation of monthly mean AOD
We retrieved the total column data from satellite observations over the different Indian ground-based
PM monitoring Stations (Kolkata, Delhi, Gujrat, Kanpur, Jaipur, and Pune). Then we derived PM 2.5
from aod data and the ground-based observations. The following relationship can be used to esti-
mate satellite-derived ground-level PM 2.5 concentration (EP M 2.5) from total column AOD acquired
from satellite instruments, using a conversion factor that compensates for their spatiotemporal vari-
ability:
EP M 2.5 = ξ × AOD (1)
MP M 2.5
where, ξ = M
AOD
MP M 2.5 represents the simulated modelled PM2.5 and MAOD represents the modelled Aerosol
optical depth. ξ is the function of the factors that relate satellite observations of AOD with aerosol
mass which consider the aerosol type, aerosol size, diurnal variation, relative humidity, vertical profile
from [1]. This method has also been implemented in several previous studies [2], [1], [3].
Results
We studied the variability and trend of total column ozone (TCO) and AOD derived PM2.5 over the
study regions. In first figure we pointed different study regions in map, in second figure, we show the Fig. 4: Variation of monthly mean AOD with time over the Indian subcontinent.
variation of AOD and PM2.5 and the correlation between estimmated and ground based PMM2.5.
in 3rd figure we showed the variation of Estimated PM2.5, then we showed the variation of O3 and
at last figure we showed the variation of monthly mean AOD.
Remarks
• We found a clear improvement in air quality and a significant reduction in PM 2.5
due to the lockdown imposed during the COVID-19 crisis.
• We found an increment in TCO concentration during the study period.
Fig. 2: Correlation between INSAT-3D derrived AOD and PM2.5.
Acknowledgements
The authors are very thankful to India Meteorological Department, to provide this op-
portunity to carry out this work on INSAT3D\3DR data. Central Pollution Control Board,
New Delhi, India, and OpenAQ database also acknowledged for the air quality monitor-
ing data through their data portal.
References
[1] Aaron Van Donkelaar, Randall V Martin, and Rokjin J Park. “Estimating ground-level PM2. 5 us-
ing aerosol optical depth determined from satellite remote sensing”. In: Journal of Geophysical Re-
search: Atmospheres 111.D21 (2006).
[2] Yang Liu et al. “Mapping annual mean ground-level PM2. 5 concentrations using Multiangle Imaging
Spectroradiometer aerosol optical thickness over the contiguous United States”. In: Journal of Geo-
physical Research: Atmospheres 109.D22 (2004).
[3] Yang Liu, Petros Koutrakis, and Ralph Kahn. “Estimating fine particulate matter component concen-
trations and size distributions using satellite-retrieved fractional aerosol optical depth: Part 1—Method
development”. In: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 57.11 (2007), pp. 1351–1359.
Fig. 3: Variation of INSAT-3DR derrived total column ozone (TCO) and AOD Estimated PM2.5 over different regions.