PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

PIPE 3.1 13. A gas has a density of 0.094 lb/ft3 at 100° F and 2 atm. What
pressure is needed to change the density to 0.270 lb/ft 3 at 250°F
?
1. A hydro-electric impulse turbine is directly coupled to a 24 pole,
A. 7.28 atm C. 3.85 atm
60 Hz alternator. It has a specific speed of 60 rpm and develops
B. 6.20 atm D. 4.25 atm
3000 Hp. What is the required diameter assuming a peripheral
speed ratio of 0.45. 14. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60 °F at sea level, what is the
A. 0.352 m C. 0.543 m pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is incompressible.Note: @
B. 0.661 m D. 0.345 m 60°F; the density of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft 3; P 1 = 14.7 psia
2. Hydrocarbons with 5 to 15 carbon atoms are : A. 8.34 psia C. 8.72 psia
P1=γh + P2
A. more or less volatile light oils B. 6.23 psia D. 7.32 psia
B. referred to as heavy oils 15. Which of the following strokes expels the burned gases?
C. mixtures of many kinds of hydrocarbons A. first stroke C. second stroke
D. commercial fuels B. third stroke D. fourth stroke

3. Hydrocarbons with 16 to 26 carbon atoms are referred to as: 16. If atmospheric air 14.7 psia and 60 °F at sea level, what is the
A. light oils C. heavy oils pressure at 12000 ft altitude if air is compressible.Note: @ 60 °F
B. commercial fuels D. lubricating oils ; the density of air is 0.0763 lbm/ft 3; P1 = 14.7 psia
A. 9.53 psia C. 8.72 psia
4. Kerosene is the fuel of a gas turbine plant : fuel - air ratio, mr= B. 5.34 psia D. 7.32 psia
0.012, T3 = 972K , pressure ratio, Ip= 4.5, exhaust to atmosphere.
Find the available energy in KJ per kg air flow. Assume k= 1.34 17. Which of the following chemical reactions in which heat is
and Cp = 1.13. absorbed?
A. 435.64 kJ/kg C. 352.64 kJ/kg A. Heat reaction C. Endothermic reaction
B. 862.64 kJ/kg D. 314.64 kJ/kg B. Exothermic reaction D. Combustion reaction

5. What is the residue left after combustion of a fossil fuel? 18. To what height will 68 °F ethyl alcohol rise in a 0.005 inch
A. Charcoal C. Ash internal diameter glass capillary tube? The density of alcohol is
B. Scraper D. All of the choices 49 lbm/ft3. where: �= 0°= contact angle cr= 0.00156 lbf/ft @
6. An ideal gas turbine operates with a pressure ratio of 10 and the 68°F
energy input in the high temperature heat exchanger is 300 kW. A. 0.3056 ft C. 0.5343 ft
Calculate the air flow rate for a temperature limits of 30 ° C and B. 0.4086 ft D. 0.2234 ft
1200° c. 19. Determine the hydraulic the diameter and the hydraulic radius
A. 0.15 kg/s C. 0.34 kg/s for the open trapezoidal channel whose above and bottom lengths
B. 0.22 kg/s D. 0.23 kg/s are 7 and 5 units respectively. The depth of the water is 3 units.
7. In a four stroke engine if a valve opens 25° before B.D.C. and A. 12.4 C. 3.43
close 10° after T.D.C. the valve should be: B. 1.59 D. 5.78
A. puppet valve C. exhaust valve 20. A chemical reaction in which heat is given off.
B. inlet valve D. spring valve A. Heat reaction C. Endothermic reaction
B. Exothermic reaction D. Combustion reaction
8. In an air-standard Brayton cycle the inlet temperature and
pressure are 20° C and 101.325 kPa. The turbine inlet conditions 21. The portion of the piston which extends below the piston pin and
are 1200 kPa and 900 ° C. Determine the air flow rate if the serves as a guide for the piston and connecting rod.
turbine produces 12 MW. A. piston skirt C. piston ring
A. 29.3l kg/s C. 17.25 kg/s B. piston scoring D. piston seizure
B. 20.20 kg/s D. 16.70 kg/s
22. Water is pumped up a hillside into a reservoir. The pumped
discharges water at the rate of 6 ft/s and pressure of 150 psig.
9. Ideal Oxygen is throttled at 140°F from 10 atm to 5 atm. What is Disregarding friction, what is the maximum elevation (above the
the temperature change ? centerline of pump's discharge) of the reservoir's water surface
A. 0 C. infinity ?
B. negative D. 1 A. 346.7 ft C. 546.7 ft
B. 556.7 ft D. 126.7 ft
10. Clearing a cylinder of exhaust gases by forcing into it a current
23. The water velocity of a 5 m x 1 m channel is 6 mis. What is the
of air which provides clean air for the next compression stroke.
annual energy produced if the net head is 120 m and the over-all
A. scavengmg C. supercharging
efficiency is 80%.
B. choking D. knocking
A. 154,247,258 kw-hrs C. 247,494,528 kW-hrs
B. 357,798,542 kW-hrs D. 487,654,567 kW-hrs
11. When two or more light atoms have sufficient energy (available
24. The residual oil left after the distillation of gasoline and kerosene
only at high temperatures and velocities) to fuse together to form
from crude petroleum; yellow to brown oil, used as a diesel fuel
a heavier nucleus the process is called _____
and for enriching water gas.
A. Fusion C. fission
A. Diesel oil C. Gasoline oil
B. the photoelectric effect D. the Compton effect
B.LPG D. Gas oil
12. Determine the specific gravity of carbon dioxide gas (molecular
25. A fuel gas obtained by the destructive distillation of soft coal is
weight= 44 ) at 150 °F (66° C) and 20 psia (138 kPa). called ----
A. 1.67 C. 1.82 A. Gas scrub C. Coal gas
B. 1.32 D. 1.87 B. Alcogas D. Water gas
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

26. An electron strikes the screen of the cathode ray tube with a 38. A 15 kg/s gas enters a chimney at 10 mis. If the temperature and
velocity of 10 to the 9th power cm/s. Compute its kinetic energy pressure of a gas are 26 °C and 100 kPa respectively, what is the
in ERGS. The mass of an electron is 9 x 10-31 kg ? diameter of the chimney. Use R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K.
A. 1.5 x 10-10 ERG C. 2.5 x 10-10 ERG A. 1.54 m C. 2.32 m
B. 3.5 x 10-10 ERG D. 4.5 x 10-10 ERG B. 2.45 m D. 1.28 m
39. Kinematics and dynamic viscosity vary from each other only by
27. Grooves in the cylinder wall or piston or in both. It is caused by
a factor equal to the:
the piston scraping the cylinder wall in its movement without
A. fluid density C. temperature
proper lubrication.
B. pressure D. specific gas constant
A. piston skirt C. piston ring
B. piston scoring D. piston seizure
40. A two-stage compressor at 90 kPa and 20 deg. C discharges at
28. A 0.064 kg of octane vapor (MW = 114) is mixed with 0.91 kg 700 kPa. Find the polytropic exponent n if the intercooler intake
of air ( MW = 29.0 ) in the manifold is 86.1 kPa, and the temperature is 100 deg.C.
temperature is 290 K. Assume octane behaves ideally, what is A. 1.29 C. 1.4
the total volume of this mixture? B. 1.32 D. 1.15
A. 0.895 cu.m. C. 0.435 cu. m.
41. Atomic weights of the elements in the periodic table are not
B. 0.986 cu. m D. 0.754 cu.m.
whole numbers because of:
29. Find the amount of electrical energy expended ra1smg the A. the existence of isotopes
temperature of 45 liters of water by 75 ° C. Assume the efficiency B. imprecise measurements during the development of the
of the heating equipment to be 90%? periodic table
A. 3.45 kW-hr C. 0.542 kW-hr. C. round - off error in calculating atomic weights
B. 4.36 kW-hr D. 1.542 kW-hr. D. the exchange of reference of the atomic mass unit from
oxygen - 16 to carbon -12 in 1961
30. Removing of impurities from a gas by bubbling it through a
liquid purifying agent is called ___ 42. A two-stage compressor receives 0.35 kg/s of air at 100 kPa and
A. Gas scrubbing C. Gas purifying 269 K and delivers it at 5000 kPa. Find the heat transferred in the
B. Gas liquefying D. Gas bubbling intercooler.
A. 70.49 KW C. 70.49 kW
31. How long could a 2000 hp motor be operated on the heat energy
B. 60.49 kW D. 120.49 kW
liberated by 1 mi.3 of ocean water when the temperature of the
water is lowered by 1 °C and if all these heat were converted to 43. The tendency of a pure compound to be composed of the same
mechanical energy? elements combined in a definite proportion by mass.
A. 371.56 yrs C. 425.76 yrs A. Avogadro's law
B. 352.57 yrs D. 254.57 yrs B. The law of definite proportions
C. Boyle's law
32. During the fusion process, mass is lost and converted to energy D. Le Chatelier's principle
according to:
A. the Heisenburg uncertainty principle 44. A centrifugal pump discharged 20 L/s against a head of 17 m
B. the Compton's law when the speed is 1500 rpm. The diameter of the impeller was
C. Einstein's law 30 cm and the brake horsepower was 6.0. A geometrically
D. The second law of thermodynamics similar pump 40 cm in diameter is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming
equal efficiencies, what brake horsepower is required?
A. 57.15 HP C. 40.15 HP
33. The tail water and the headwater of a hydro-electric plant are 150 B. 30.15 HP D. 42.15 HP
m and 200 m respectively. What is the water power if the flow is
15 m3 /s and a head loss of 10% of the gross head ?
A. 6,621.75 kW C. 4,543.76 kW 45. How do you call the process of removing of impurities from a
B. 7,621.65 kW D. 5,841.56 kW gas by bubbling it through a liquid purifying agent?
A. Gas scrubbing C. Gas purifying
34. A finely divided carbon deposit by the smoke or flame is called B. Gas liquefying D. Gas bubbling
46. A gas turbine power plant operating on the Brayton cycle
A. Fly ash C. Soot delivers 15 MW to a standby electric generator. What is the mass
B. Residue D. All of the choices flow rate and the volume flow rate of air if the minimum and
maximum pressures are 100 kPa and 500 kPa respectively, and
35. In a hydro-electric plant, water flows at 10 mis in a penstock of temperatures of 20° C and 1000°C.
1 m2 cross-sectional area. If the net head of the plant is 30 m and A. 31.97 kg/s , 26.88 m 3/s C. 42.37 kg/s , 24.88 m 3 /s
the turbine efficiency is 85%, what is the turbine output? B. 32.54 k/s , 27.99 m 3 /s D. 44.98 kg/s , 26.79 m 3 /s
A. 2,501.55 kW C. 3,526.54 kW
B. 2,504.11 kW D. 3,324.85 kW 4 7. What is the effect of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
36. Rare gases such as helium, argon, krypton, xenon and radon that A. absorb the exothermic heat of reaction
are non - reactive are called -- B. provide the exothermic heat of reaction
A. Non - reactants C. Stop gases C. lower the activation energy
B. Inert gases D. Residual gases D. provide the heat of sublimation
37. If the air required for combustion is 20 kg per kg of coal and the
boiler uses 3000 kg of coal per hr, determine the mass of gas
entering the chimney. Assume an ash loss of 15%.
A. 35,654 kg/hr C. 62,550 kg/hr
B. 90,200 kg/hr D. 53,520 kg/hr
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

48. In a hydraulic plant the difference in elevation between the A. piston skirt C. piston ring
surface of the water at intake and the tailrace is 650 ft when the B. piston scoring D. piston seizure
flow is 90 cfs, the friction loss in the penstock is 65 ft and the
head utilized by the turbine is 500 ft. The mechanical friction in 59. A 4 kg air enters a turbine with enthalpy of 600 kJ and velocity
the turbine is 110 Hp, and the leakage loss is 4 cfs. Find the of 250 m/s. The enthalpy at exit is 486 kJ and velocity of 170
hydraulic efficiency. m/s. What is the work developed if there is a heat loss of 10 kJ ?
A. 82.45 % C. 85.47 % A. 135.83 kJ C. 180.23 kJ
B. 80.63 % D. 76.54 % B. 171.2 kJ D. 128.3 kJ
49. The general chemical formula for all hydrocarbons is CnHm. In 60. What temperature should be the maximum to which lubricating
different combinations of interest, as internal combustion engine oil is permitted to rise?
fuel m varies from : A. not more than 100 F C. not more than 200 F
A. 1 to 26 C. 2 to 54 B. not more than 300 F D. not more than 400 F
B. 2 to 26 D. 1 to 54
61. Calculate drive horsepower for pumping 1703 L/min cold water
50. A Pelton wheel runs at a constant speed under a head of 650 ft.
to a tank suction at 127 mm Hg vacuum, delivery at 5.3 kg/cm 2
The cross-sectional area of the jet is 0.50 ft 2 and the nozzle
ga., both measured close to pump, ep =0.65.
friction loss is to be neglected. Suppose the needle of the nozzle
A. 31.42 HP C. 32.42 HP
is to be adjusted as to reduce the area of the jet from 0.50 ft2 to
B. 22.02 HP D. 24.08 HP
0.20 ft2 . Under these conditions the efficiency of the wheel is
known to be 70% . Find the power output of the wheel.
62. An Orsat's apparatus is used for
A. 2112.34 Hp C. 3076.72 Hp
A. volumetric analysis of the flue gas
B. 2406.24 Hp D. 3235.24 Hp
B. gravimetric analysis of the flue gas
C. smoke density analysis of the flue gas
PIPE 3.2 D. all of the above

51. A hydro-electric power plant consumes 60,000,000 kW-hr per 63. Find the length of a suspension bunker to contain 181 tons of
year . What is the net head if the expected flow is 1500 m 3/min coal without surcharge; width, 4.6 m; depth 4.3 m. The level
and over-all efficiency is 63%. capacity of a suspension bunker is 5/8 wdL where : w =width ,
d =depth and L =length.Density of coal, 800 kg/m 3•
A. 32.32 m C. 44.33 m
B. 45.45 m D. 22.33 m A. 18.30 m C. 11.51 m
B. 12.60 m D. 16. 40 m
52. A device which automatically governs or controls the speed of
an engme. 64. Increasing the total amount of charging air m the working
A. servomotor C. governor cylinder of the engine.
B. indicator D. speedometer A. scavenging C. supercharging
B. choking D. knocking
53. A pump delivers 20 cfm of water having a density of 62 lb/ft 3.
The suction and discharge gage reads 5 in. Hg vacuum and 30 65. A jet of water is discharge through a 1- inch diameter orifice
psi respectively. The discharge gage is 5 ft above the suction under constant head of 2.1 ft the total discharge is 228 lbm in
gage. If pump efficiency is 70%, what is the motor power ? 90 seconds. The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
A. 2.31 Hp C. 4.31 Hp downward and 4 ft away from vena contracta. Coefficient of
B. 6.31 Hp D. 5.31 Hp contraction.
A. 0.736 C. 0.827 h'=2 ft
54. A theorem that states that the total property of a mixture of ideal B. 0.432 D. 0.658
gases is the sum of the properties that the individual gases would 66. A small enough particles suspended in a fluid will exhibit small
have if each occupied the total mixture volume alone as the same random movements due to the statistical collision of fluid
temperature. molecules on the particle's surface. This motion is called
A. Gibbs theorem C.Dalton's theorem
B. Boltzmann's theorem D. Maxwell's theorem A. Boltzmann motion C. rectilinear motion
B. kinetic gas motion D. Brownian motion

55. Calculate the air power of a fan that delivers 1200 m 3/min of air 67. A jet of water is discharge through a 1- inch diameter orifice
through a 1 m by 1.5 m outlet. Static pressure is 120 mm WG under constant head of 2.1 ft the total discharge is 228 lbm in
and density of air is 1.18. 90 seconds. The jet is observed to pass through a point 2 ft
A. 20.75 kW C. 32.75 kW downward and 4 ft away from vena contracta. Coefficient of
B. 25.64 kW D. 44.54 kW velocity.
A. 0.854 C. 0.556
56. A combination of liquids which do not mix - or combine B. 0.783 D. 0.976
chemically.
A. emulsion C. deposition 68. The ash that is removed from the combustor after the fuel is bum
B. evaporation D. separation is the
A. fly ash C. bottom ash
57. A 6 MW steam turbine generator power plant has a full-load B. scraper ash D. top ash
steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr. Assuming that no-load steam
consumption as 15% of full-load steam consumption, compute 69. What is the velocity of sound in l 50° F (66° C) air at a standard
for the hourly steam consumption at 75% load, in kg/hr. pressure? Note: density of air@ 150 °F is 0.064 lbrn/ft3
A. 37,800 kg/hr C. 35,600 kg/hr A. 4812 ft/s C. 1245 ft/s
B. 36,500 kg/hr D. 38,400 kg/hr B. 3254 ft/s D. 1215 ft/s
70. The relationship between the concentration of products and
58. Binding of the piston and the cylinder wall as a result of the reactants in a reversible chemical reaction given by
lubrication having been destroyed by excessive temperature and A. the ionization constant C. the equilibrium constant
friction. B. the solubility product D. Le Chatelier's principle
 PIPE REFRESHER COURSE POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

71. A pump adds 550 feet of pressure head to 100 lbm/s of water . 85. Naphthenes and olefins are types of hydrocarbons with chemical
Compute the hydraulic power in horsepower? formula of:
A. 100 C. 180 A. CnH 2n C. CnH2n-6
B. 120 D. 240 B. C nH2n+2 D. CnH2n-2
72. What fuel gas obtained by the destructive distillation of soft coal 86. In an air-standard Bryton cycle, the compressor receives air at
? 101.325 kPa, 21° C and it leaves at 600 kPa at the rate of 4 kg/s.
A. Gas scrub C. Coal gas Determine the turbine work if the temperature of the air entering
B. Alcogas D. Water gas the turbine is l 000° C.
73. The general chemical formula of a paraffin fuel is A. 2120 kW C. 2028 kW
A. CnH2n C. CnH2n-6 B. 2530 kW D. 3050 kW

87. At atmospheric condition, hydrocarbon molecules with a low

74. A pump driven by an electrical motor moves 25 gal/min of water
number of carbon atoms, 1 to 4 are
from reservoir A to reservoir B, lifting the water a total head of
A. Liquids C. Atomic
245 feet. The efficiencies of the pump and motor are 64% and
B. Gases D. Light oils
84% respectively. What is the size of motor required ?
A. 2. 42 Hp C. 1.32 Hp 88. An empty polyethylene telemetry balloon and payload have a
B. 1.67 Hp D. 2.34 Hp mass of 500 lbm. The balloon is charged with helium when the
atmospheric conditions are 60° F and 14.8 psia. The specific gas
75. Rings located in the grooves of the piston usually near the top constant of helium is 386.3 ft-lbr / Ihm0R. What is the volume of
and near the bottom. helium is required ?
A. piston skirt C. piston ring A. 7544 ft3 C. 5480 ft3
B. piston scoring D. piston seizure B. 8245 ft3 D. 6542 ft3

76. A 6" pump operating at 1770 rpm discharges 1500 rpm 89. What is the chemical formula of an Aromatic type of
discharges 1500 gpm of cold water (S.G. = 1.0 ) against an 80- hydrocarbon fuels ?
foot head at 85% efficiency. A homologous 8" pump is operating A. CnH2n-6 C. CnH2n-2
at 1170 rpm is being considered as a replacement. what is would
be the new horsepower requirement ? 90. A pipe of internal diameter 6 units carries water with a depth of
A. 43.3 Hp C. 32.4 Hp 2 units under in influence of gravity. Calculate the hydraulic
B. 45.6 Hp D. 57.8 Hp radius.
77. A type of radiation consisting of singly charged particles that A. 1.12 C. 3.12
generate to intermediate distances. B. 1.25 D. 1.01
A. Nuclear radiation C. Alpha radiation
B. Beta radiation D. Gamma radiation 91. The process of separating two or more liquids by means of the
difference in their boiling point.
78. The density of Helium is 0.178 kg/m3 at STP. What is the density A. Engler distillation C. Fractional distillation
at 25 ° C and 96 kPa? B. Gas scrubbing D. Fractional crystallization
A. 0.159 C. 0.267 92. Water ( p = 1000 kg/m3, E = 2 x 109 Pa ) is flowing at 4 mis
B. 0.358 D. 0.545 through a long length of 4 -in schedule - 40 steel pipe ( Di =
79. Which of the following types of hydrocarbons have chemical 0.102 m , t = 0.0062 m, E = 2 x 10 11 Pa) when a valve suddenly
formula of CnH2n-4? closes completely. What is the theoretical increase in pressure ?
A. Diolefins C. Aromatics A. !lP = 3.43 x 106 Pa C. !lP = 4.23 x 106 Pa
B. Asphaltics D. Paraffins B. !lP = 2.43 x 106 Pa D. !lP = 5.23 x 106 Pa
80. A power plant is said to have/had a use factor of 48.5% and a 93. A mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide made by passing
capacity factor of 42.4%. How many hrs. did it operate during steam over hot coke.
the year ? A. Water gas C. Water vapor
A. 6,500.82 hrs C. 7,658.23 hrs B. hydrocarbon D. Air
B. 8,400.82 hrs D. 6,768.23 hrs 94. A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting diesel engine is
81. What kind of bonding do common gases that exist in free state rated at 150 kW at 260 rpm. Fuel consumption at rated load is
as diatomic molecules experiences? 0.26 kg/kW-hr with a heating value of 43,912 kJ/kg. Calculate
A. Ionic bonds C. Covalent bonds the brake thermal efficiency.
B. Metallic bonds D. Nuclear bonds A. 31.63 % C. 25.73 %
B. 42.63 % D. 32.83 %
82. Calculate the use factor of a power plant if the capacity factor is 95. The general chemical formula for all hydrocarbons is CnHm. In
35% and it operates 8000 hrs during the year? different combinations of interest, as internal combustion engine
A. 38.325 % C. 32.823 % fuel, n varies from
B. 36.825 % D. 34.674 % A. 1 to 26 C. 2 to 54
83. In a hydroelectric power plant the tailwater elevation is at 500 B. 2 to 26 D. 1 to 54
m. What is the head water elevation if the net head is 30 m and
the head loss is 5% of the gross head ? 96. The brake thermal efficiency of a 1 MW diesel electric plant is
A. 765.95 m C. 528.57 m 36 %. Find the heat generated by fuel in kW if the generator
B. 598.64 m D. 658.25 m efficiency is 89 %.
A. 3,121. l 0 kW C. 3,213. l 0 kW
B. 3,865.64 kW D. 4,528.64 kW
84. The transfer of air and air characteristics by horizontal motion is 97. Which of the following types of hydrocarbons have chemical
called formula of CnH2n-2 ?
A. convection C. air transfer A. Diolefins C. Aromatics
B. advection D. adhesion B. Asphaltics D. Paraffins