SCHOOL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PUBLIC SAFETY (SCJPS)

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL

Module 1, 1st semester 2021

INTRODUCTION TO FIRST AID

First Aid is an emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical
treatment is available.

Is an emergency treatment for a victim of sudden illness or injury while more skillful medical
treatment is not yet obtained.

First Aid is the immediate care given to a person who has been injured or suddenly become ill. It
includes self-help and home care if medical assistance is not available or delayed.

Is an initial treatment given to a victim at home while medical treatment is not yet implemented?

Definition of term.

1. Emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment.

Is an unexpected immediate respond to risk/danger?

2. Injury is a general term that refers to any damage to the human body.

3. Self-Aid is any care given to one self.

Is a convenience treatment to one self?

4. First Aider refers to a person who give first aid.

5. Hemorrhage is a scape of large quantities of blood from the blood vessels that may cause shock.

Is a too much flowing of blood from the blood vessels that may cause shock.

6. Shock is a state of condition when there is not enough or adequate blood supplies to the vital

Tissues and organs.

A condition when there is no enough blood supplies vital tissues and organ, occurs when too

Much blood flowing from the injuries of a person.

7. Dressing is a sterile pad or a compressed sponge that is applied directly to cover the wound.

A covering of wound with a soft piece of cloth.

8. Bandage is a piece of material that is used to support a dressing, splint, or an injured part of per-

Son’s body.

A piece of material designed to support a dressing, splint, and injured part of a person body.

9. Fracture refers to break in the continuity of bone.

10. Venom is a poison secreted by some animals and injected into the body of victims through

Bites. A poison that is produced by an animal such as snake and produced a lethal effect if

Enter to the body through biting.

11. Heat Injuries are environmental injuries that may result when a person is exposed to extreme

Heat, such as from the sun or from high temperature. An injuries produced by heat occurs when a

Victim extremely exposed from the sun.

12 Heat Cramps are muscle spasms caused by low levels of salt and water in the body.

Heat cramps is occurring when a person extremely work or exercise during hot condition.

13. Heat Exhaustion is caused by loss of water through sweating as caused inadequate fluid

replacement; it may cause heat stroke. Is losing of water to the human body through sweating as

cause of extremely hot condition, this can be cause a person to sweat and feel dizzy, weak and

stroke.

14. Heat Stroke is a medical emergency and can be fatal if not treated promptly and correctly. It

Occurs when a person experiences an abnormally elevated body temperature caused by

failure of the body’s cooling mechanism when the environmental temperature is too high

or there is dehydration. On the other hand, heat stroke a sudden unconscious of a person

due to high body temperature and can be fatal if not treated promptly and correctly.

15. Cold injuries are most likely to occur when an unprepared individual is exposed to very low tem-

perature and the blood circulation to the extremities become inadequate. This is also known as

frostbite. An injuries produced by cold when the victim is exposed to very low temperature. The

part of the body such as fingers and toes freezes and the blood circulation may become

inadequate.

16. Burn is a type of injury to flesh or skin caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or radiation.
 An injury to flesh, skin as caused by hot materials or condition.

Characteristics of First Aider

1. Observant The first aider should notice all signs and symptoms of the illness. It is important to
Know so that the application of the first aid is effective.
2. Resourceful The first aider should make the best use of things at hand. If the first aid materials
are not available the first aider should use his own initiative to save the victim.
3. Gentle The first aider should not cause pain to the victim/ patient.
The first aider cautiously assists the victim, don’t cause any other injury or pain.
4. Tactful the first aider should not alarm the victim/ patient.
The first aider should not make any unnecessary loud noise while the victim is resting.
5. Sympathetic The first aider should be comforting on the feelings and pain experience by the
victim/ patient. Comforting them with encouraging word, that the injury is not lethal or worst.
6. Cheerful The first aider should have a happy expression that inspires confidence.
The first aider should have a good mood while helping or assisting the victim so that
the victim will rely and cooperate.

Objectives of First Aid

1. To alleviate suffering. Alleviate suffering by the application of herbal medicine, while the
hospital medicine is delayed some first aid medicine is available like the herbal.
2. To prevent further injury, damage or danger. Assist the victim promptly and correctly to
prevent further injury, damage or danger.
3. To prolong life. The main purpose of first aid is to save life, therefore the different application of
first is applied during first aid condition to prolong life.

Importance of First Aid

1. To save life. Without first aid the victim may die, therefore first aid is very important because it
save life.
2. To prevent permanent disability. The application of first aid heal injuries therefore permanent
disability is prevented if the injury is treated immediately.
3. To reduce prolonged hospitalization. long time hospitalization is prevented if the first aid to the
victim is excellent and delay.

Basic Life Saving Steps

1. Check for blood circulation. Check for blood circulation to determine whether the blood is still
circulating. And to determine whether the blood is high or low.
2. Check for breathing. check for breathing to determine whether the victim is not difficult to
breath.
3. Check for bleeding. To determine the exact location of wound, afterward cover the wound with
cloth while hospital treatment is not yet obtained.
4. Check for shock. To determine whether the blood is still functioning. Or to determine whether
the victim is need additional blood.
 SCHOOL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND PUBLIC SAFETY (SCJPS)

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL

Module 1, 1st semester 2021-2022

NameCourse: JESSE Q. MACALMA and year: 2ND YEAR Section : 2-A

Instructor :Dammog, Osmena G. MSCJSC Date :08/08/21

Chapter 1 Quiz

Introduction to First Aid

1. This is an emergency care for the victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical
treatment is available.
A. Emergency room
B. First Aid
C. Immediate Attention
D. Medical Attention
2. First aid includes the following except;
A. Doctor’s prescription
B. Self help
C. Word of encouragement
D. Willingness to help
3. ________ is a general term that refers to any damage to the human body
A. Fracture
B. Injury
C. Laceration
D. puncture
4. This is a state of condition when there is not enough blood supply to the vital tissue and organs.
A. Albinism
B. Anemia
C. Paranoia
D. Shock
5. These are characteristics of a first aider except;
A. Cheerful
B. Gentle
C. Observant
D. Strict
 6. These are basic lifesaving steps except:
A. Bleeding
B. Breathing
C. Concussion
D. Pulse
7. These are causes of shock except:
A. Bruises
B. Dehydration
C. Heart failure
D. Significant loss of blood
8. What is this device that functions to control the bleeding from a vein or artery? This should only
be done as the last result.
A. Gauze
B. Injection
C. Sling
D. Tourniquet
9. Is a poison secreted by some animals and injected into the body victims through bites?
A. Venom
B. Dressing
C. Poison
D. Bandage
10. Are muscles spasms caused by low levels of salt and water in the body.
A. Heat cramps
B. Heat exhaustion
C. Heat stroke
D. Heat injuries

Prepared by: Noted by: Jossette Y. Perez Daes

Dammog, Osmena G. MSCJSC ( School president )

Reviewed by: DR. Trofima M. Pangonilo