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USN 14CAE14

First Semester M.Tech. Degree Examination, June/July 2015

Experimental Mechanics
Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100
ote: I. Answer any FIVEfull questions.
2. Use of statistical tables permitted.
3. Missing data, if any, may be suitably assumed.

1 a. Define accuracy and precision with example. (04 Marks)

b. List out different types of errors in measurement system. (04 Marks)
c. The specimens of mild steel are chemically analysed for carbon content in two different
laboratories. The percentage of carbon content contained are as follows:
0.23 0.23 0.21 0.25 0.28
LabA: {
0.24 0.20 0.18 0.23 0.24
0.21 0.19 0.24 0.20 0.22
LabB: {
0.18 0.20 0.22 0.25 0.17
Test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference III two laboratories in their
determination of percentage of carbon. (12 Marks)

2 a. A set of machine bearings of a particular make are tested for wear at different operating
temperatures controlled by an oil bath. The following test results are obtained:
Operating temperature x( in C)O 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Amount of wear (y) in mg/I OOh of operation 3.2 5.2 5.8 7.9 9.6 11.7 13.2
i) Find the linear least square curve regression y on x (i.e. Assuming temperature values
given in the data are without error)
ii) Estimate the amount of wear at 325°C and O°C and comment
iii) Determine also the internal estimate of uncertainties in the values of slope and intercept
of the regression fit-line. (14 Marks)
b. Explain basic components of data acquisition system. (06 Marks)

3 a. Derive the expression for the gauge factor of an electrical resistance gauge.
F = dS/S + (I + 2y)
E

Where F = Gauge factor, S = resistivity, y = Poisson's ratio, E = Normal stain. (10 Marks)
b. A rectangular strain gauge rosette is bonded at a critical point on to the surface of a
!!)

"0 structural member. When the structural member is loaded, the strain gauges show the
z
following readings: EO = 850 ~ m/rn ; E45 = -50 ~ m/m ; E90 = -850 ~ m/m.
C
to
t: The gauge factor and the cros sensitivity of the gauges are 2.80 and 0.06. Find actual
o
c,
E strains, magnitude and directions of corrected principal stains. Given that, E = 200 GPa,
Yo = Poisson's ratio of the material of the strain gauge = 0.285. (10 Marks)

4 a. Derive the expression for fringe order using stress-optic law in case of two dimensional
photo-elasticity and define material and model fringe values. (10 Marks)
b. The material fringe constant in tension for a given photo-elastic model is 18 kN/m when
calibrated with sodium (A = 589.3 nm). The model has a thickness of6 mm. lfthe model is
observed with mercury light (A = 548.1 nm) and the stress (c, - cr2) at a point is 18 KPa,
what is the fringe order? Assume C (stress optic coefficient) is independent ofA. (04 Marks)
c. Explain wave-plate, half wave-plate, quarter wave-plate. (06 Marks)
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14CAE14

5 a. In 2D photo-elasticity, explain the shear difference method of separating stresses. (10 Marks)
b. What are the properties of an ideal photo - elastic materials? (05 Marks)
c. Explain the experimental procedure to calibrate a circular disc. (05 Marks)

6 a. What is meant by stress-freezing technique? Explain. (10 Marks)

b. Derive the following relation for bi-refringent coatings
Ec(1+Yp)( )
(CJlc - CJ2c) = CJlp - CJ2p
Ep(l + Yc)
where CJtp, CJ2p,Ep are the principal stresses and modulus of elasticity on the surface of the
machine part and CJtp, CJ2p,E, are the corre pond values of coating. (10 Marks)

7 a. What are the advantages of brittle coating method? (05 Marks)

b. Explain with neat sketch of schematic representation of holographic -setup. (07 Marks)
c. Describe the method of calculating the fringe pacing in Moire Fringe method. (08 Marks)

8 Write short notes on the following (any Four) :

a. Normal distribution
b. Theory of wheat stone's bridge
c. Difference between ISO - chromatic and ISO - clinics
d. Holography and its importance
e Brittle crating technique. (20 Marks)

*****

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