Republic of the Philippines

Supreme Court
Manila

OFFICE OF THE 2020/21 BAR CHAIRPERSON

BAR BULLETIN NO. 30, S. 2021

GUIDE AND RULES OF CONDUCT

TO THE 2020/21 BAR EXAMINATIONS
(OMNIBUS GUIDELINES)

To serve the interests of Bar examinees and help them pass the 2020/21 Bar
Examinations, the Office of the Bar Chairperson issues these Omnibus Guidelines
to advise them on how to best prepare for the Bar Examinations. The Omnibus
Guidelines contain the rules of conduct that examinees should observe during the
examinations for their orderly implementation, taking into account their interests,
but also those of the host schools, the Bar personnel, and the public.

All Bar Examinees should read the Omnibus Guidelines carefully as

part of their preparations.

PREPARING FOR THE EXAMINATIONS

Coverage of the Bar Examinations

The coverage of the 2020/21 Bar Examinations is precisely defined in the

syllabi, which have been uploaded in the Supreme Court website. As stated in each
syllabus, “only laws, rules, issuances, with their respective amendments; and
canonical doctrines pertinent to these topics as of June 30, 2019 are examinable
materials[.]”

For Remedial Law, the Revised Rules of Civil Procedure (A.M No. 19-10-20-
SC promulgated on October 15, 2019) and the Revised Rules on Evidence (A.M No.
19-08-15-SC promulgated on October 8, 2019) are included.

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 Principles of law are not covered by the cut-off period. Any principle of law
that appeared in the Court’s decisions after June 30, 2019 is included in the coverage
of the examinations.

Hence, the Bar examinees need not study materials not covered in the syllabi.

Managing the Examinations

The Bar Examinations are qualifying licensure examinations that test for
minimum skills required of lawyers.

Performing well in the Bar Examinations requires a good understanding of the

basic principles of law and of relevant jurisprudence, as well as an adequate ability
to understand and communicate in the English language.

Proficiency in English comes from the examinees’ accumulated study of and

experience in communicating in this language. Knowledge of law, on the other
hand, is based on years of study in law school and in the Bar review classes. To pass
the Bar Examinations, the examinees need to exert effort to be as precise as possible
in communicating their knowledge of the law in their answers.

Examplify and Sample Exams

Bar examinees are expected to know how to download, take, and submit
exams through Examplify before the Bar Examinations. Examplify must already be
installed on the laptops they will bring to their local testing centers.

Examinees should also ensure that they have updated Examplify to version
2.8 and completed all three Sample Exams. If an examinee has not yet updated their
Examplify to version 2.8, they will be prompted to do so before they can begin the
Bar Examinations. No time extensions will be given to make up for time lost due to
an update to version 2.8.

Examinees are encouraged to take the Sample Exams multiple times to ensure
that they are familiar with Examplify’s features and functions. The Sample Exams
also confirm the compatibility of the examinees’ laptops with Examplify.

Examinees who have not completed all three Sample Exams prior to the
first Bar Sunday will be denied entry into the testing centers.

The Sample Exams must be completed by 11:59 p.m. of January 15, 2022.
A Sample Exam is deemed completed when the examinee has uploaded at least one
answer file for each exam. The answer files need not contain answers. As there are

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multiple ways for examinees to confirm their submissions, the Office of the Bar
Chairperson will not entertain any requests for individual confirmations of
submissions.

Tips in Answering 2020/21 Bar Examination Questions in General

1. For the 2020/21 Bar Examinations, each Bar subject will have a total of 15 to
18 straightforward questions designed to address entry-level legal
competency. There will be no sub-questions.

2. All questions are essay-type. There are no multiple-choice questions.

3. Examinees should read and examine the pre-exam notices that will be flashed
on screen as soon as they are allowed to begin the examinations. Examinees
do not need to wait at the orange STOP screen and blue exam start
confirmation screen.

4. After reading the pre-exam notices, the examinees should plan their answering
time and accordingly pace themselves. Four hours are allotted for the
examination in every subject, and the questions have been formulated to be
answerable within such time, with an allowance for the examinees to review
their answers.

5. The examinees shall answer the questions in the order that they appear on
Examplify. Although there is only one set of questions per subject, the
questions will appear in a random order per examinee.

6. The examinees are allowed to highlight any part of the question/s, flag any
questions, and type notes into a digital notes box. They may move on to the
succeeding questions to not waste precious time and later return to those
initially marked questions. All highlights, flags, and notes will not be shown
to the Office of the Bar Chairperson or the examiners. Examplify will also
warn examinees if they have left any questions unanswered before they submit
their answer files.

7. Upon request, examinees may be given a blank sheet of paper that they can
use for their handwritten notes during the examinations. Examinees must
bring their own pens. A pen will not be provided by the personnel on site.

8. All submissions of answer files are presumed to be deliberate. There is no

facility for undoing or reversing an upload of an answer file. Examplify will
not automatically upload answer files at the expiry of the four-hour time limit
per exam. Thus, all examinees must ensure that they have answered each exam
to their satisfaction, while complying with the time limit, before submitting

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 their answer files. Examinees are advised that closing an exam will trigger the
submission of the answer file, and they may seek assistance from proctors if
there is any doubt that an action will cause an answer file to be submitted.

Some Tips in Answering Essay Questions

1. Read each question carefully to fully understand it. Pay attention to the
instructional words used in each question. Examples of instructional words
are: explain, argue, compare, contrast, define, decide, and distinguish. The
answers should respond to what these words exactly require.

2. The examinees’ answers should demonstrate their ability to analyze the

facts, apply the pertinent law and jurisprudence, and arrive at a sound or
logical conclusion. A mere “yes” or “no” answer, without any corresponding
explanation or discussion, will not be given full credit. Thus, always briefly
but fully explain your answers.

3. Every question asks for the resolution of a specific legal problem. The
examinees’ task is to provide the resolution called for by the question, with
sufficient explanation on how the conclusion was arrived at. The examiner
can give partial credit if the answer is well written and logical even if the
conclusion is not accurate. Take caution, however, that the use of the
“shotgun” approach in answering questions may not be the best strategy as
it indicates a lack of specific knowledge about the questions.

4. Answer the questions briefly and directly. After reading and understanding
each question, the examinees may opt to create a brief outline of the
proposed answer to systematically present all pertinent information in a
logical order. They can draft the outline in the digital notes box in Examplify,
or on scratch paper, but must make sure that the Essay Editor box only
contains their final answer.

5. The examinees can help the examiner assess their answers by providing
clues to their line of thinking and pattern of organization. Use transitional
words such as: first, second, next, finally, on the other hand, consequently,
further, and the like.

6. Answers should always be proofread. An exam is also a test of the

examinees’ writing ability. Examinees should spend some time reviewing
their answers, looking for mistakes in grammar and punctuation, checking
for misspelled or missing words, and omitting needless words.

7. Make sure no distinguishing marks are made, and that no extraordinary

formatting is used in their answers. The tutorial provided to examinees
includes instructions to ensure that the prescribed type format—Times New

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 Roman at size 14—is followed. Care should be taken to not use any specific
name when it is not called for in the question. Do not write a mantra, motto,
prayer to deities or saints, special plea addressed to the examiner or the Bar
Chairperson, or any other such extraneous text. Leaving or making any
distinguishing mark in any submitted answer is classified as cheating
and can disqualify the examinee from the whole Bar Examinations.

THE ACTUAL BAR EXAMINATIONS

COVID-19 Guidelines and Protocols

1. Examinees are encouraged to undergo self-quarantine starting January 2,

2022. Examinees should limit non-essential movement. They are to avoid
staying in hotels and dormitories where there is high-risk exposure to COVID-
19, unless they live in areas outside where the local testing center is located.
They may be barred from taking the examinations if it is later known that “bar
operations” activities were conducted by their law school in the hotel where
they are staying.

2. Due to the strict protocols implemented by both the Office of the Bar
Chairperson and the local testing center, examinees and personnel will be
required to sign a waiver releasing the Supreme Court and the local testing
center from any liability if they contract COVID-19 during any of the four
Sundays of the Bar, as it will be presumed prima facie that they were negligent
in adhering to these protocols. The waiver shall be sent to each examinee’s
email address by the Area Team Leaders of the local testing center to which
the examinee is assigned.

3. For every Bar Sunday, all examinees must present their vaccination cards and
COVID-19 test results upon entry.

a) For fully vaccinated examinees, they shall be required to present,

together with their vaccination cards, their antigen test results,
administered within 48 hours before the start of the examinations.

Valid vaccination cards may either be the original vaccination cards

issued by their local government units, digital vaccination cards or
certificates, VaxCertPH certificates, or the Bureau of Quarantine-
issued International Certificate of Vaccination.

Antigen testing of vaccinated examinees will be done every Friday and

Saturday prior to the Sunday exams at the site designated by the Office
of the Bar Chairperson. Scheduling will be sent to each examinee’s

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 email address by the Area Team Leaders of the local testing center
to which the examinee is assigned. This will be free of charge.

Vaccinated examinees may also have their antigen testing done within
48 hours before the examinations by an accredited Department of
Health testing facility (https://doh.gov.ph/licensed-covid-19-testing-
laboratories). The cost will not be reimbursed.

b) For unvaccinated examinees, they shall be required to present their

saliva or nasal RT-PCR test results, administered by an accredited
Department of Health testing facility within 72 hours before the start of
the examinations. The RT-PCR test shall be at the examinee’s cost.

Unvaccinated examinees are those who have not received a single dose
of the vaccine or who have not been fully vaccinated. One is
considered fully vaccinated only after two weeks of having received the
second dose in the case of a two-dose vaccine (such as Pfizer, Moderna,
or Sinovac), or two weeks after having received the sole dose of a
single-dose vaccine (such as Johnson & Johnson).

4. Ingress and egress points will be specifically stated for each local testing
center. Venue-specific details will be sent to each examinee’s email address,
copies of which shall also be posted in the Supreme Court website.

5. There shall be no loitering in the local testing center’s entrance. Relatives,

friends, and well-wishers shall only be allowed to drop off or pick up
examinees at the designated areas. ALL EXTERNAL BAR-RELATED
ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS SCHOOL “BAR OPERATIONS,” SHALL BE
PROHIBITED OUTSIDE AND WITHIN THE SECURITY
PERIMETER OF THE LOCAL TESTING CENTER.

6. Clearly visible masking tape markers will be placed at the gate entrance and
security check area to maintain social distancing between examinees.
Examinees’ temperature will be checked upon entry. Examinees must place
the items to be checked on the table provided and not directly hand them to
the Bar personnel. Alcohol dispensers will be available at the security check
for disinfection.

7. Examinees who present a positive test result for COVID-19 before the first
Bar Sunday will not be allowed to take the Bar Examinations, and will be
marked “did not finish.” They shall be advised to adhere to the local
government unit’s required health protocols for positive cases.

Examinees who present a positive COVID-19 test result, whether

symptomatic or asymptomatic, will automatically be denied entry to the

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 local testing center. They will be required to undergo quarantine based
on the guidelines and protocols of the local government unit of their local
testing center.

8. Examinees who obtain a positive COVID-19 test result must inform the Office
of the Bar Chairperson immediately at barchair202021.sc@judiciary.gov.ph,
stating their name and assigned local testing center. A copy of the test result
should be attached to the email.

9. Examinees who present a negative test result for COVID-19, but show flu-
like symptoms (temperatures over 37.5 degrees Celsius, colds, uncontrollable
coughing, or uncontrollable sneezing) at the security check area, will be
assessed by the medical staff on site. Once cleared by the medical staff, they
may be taken to a separate quarantine exam room where they will take their
exams. Their ingress and egress will be monitored and they will be kept
separate from the rest of the examinees before, during, and after the
examinations.

10.Examinees and personnel shall always properly wear their face masks at all
times, except when eating or drinking. Examinees may not take off their
masks or wear poorly fitted ones because of discomfort or on the excuse that
they cannot breathe properly. Examinees may wear personal protective
equipment (PPE) but are warned that some local testing centers may not have
air conditioning.

11.Masks must either be triple-layered cloth masks, surgical masks under cloth
masks, N95 masks, KN95 masks, or KF94 masks. Copper masks, masks with
valves, masks using Bluetooth, WiFi, NFC, or similar data-sharing
technology, and poorly-fitted surgical masks shall not be allowed. Examinees
must ensure that any mechanical components of their mask do not emit any
light or sound that may disturb other examinees.

Face shields, when required by the local government unit of the local testing
center, must be fully transparent and must cover the face. Half shields shall
not be allowed.

Examinees are strictly enjoined to properly and hygienically dispose of any

used masks. Examinees may bring additional masks at their own convenience.

12.Personal air purification devices worn around the neck shall be allowed only
if they do not use Bluetooth, WiFi, NFC, or similar data-sharing technology.
They will still be inspected at the security process. The charger and extra
batteries for the device, however, will be deposited at the security process.
Examinees must ensure that these devices do not emit any light or sound that
may disturb other examinees.

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 13.There shall be a strict “no contact” rule at the local testing centers.

14.Examinees are discouraged from congregating with their acquaintances. After

the security process, they must proceed to their assigned exam rooms. Clearly
visible masking tape markers will be placed one meter away from the Head
Proctor’s table for the examinees to stand while waiting for their Notice of
Admission to be checked. Examinees must place their Notice of Admission
on the table and not directly hand them to the Head Proctor.

Examinees are discouraged from talking and must raise their hands to call for
the proctor’s attention. Examinees will be seated at least one meter away from
each other. They will not be allowed to move their desks closer to other
examinees.

15.Head Proctors, proctors, and tech personnel will be advised not to touch any
of the examinees’ personal belongings unless absolutely necessary (e.g.,
troubleshooting) and with the examinee’s consent. A proctor who will
accompany an examinee to the restroom must stay at least two meters away
from the examinee at all times. Regular handwashing is encouraged.
Restrooms will be equipped with hand soap and running water.

16.Examinees are required to bring their own food to the local testing center.
They will not be allowed to go out of the local testing center during lunch
break or receive food or drink from outsiders while the examinations are
ongoing. In most local testing centers, there shall be a designated meal area
separate from the testing rooms. Examinees shall not be allowed to congregate
and must eat their lunch separately from all other examinees. Talking to other
examinees while eating will be discouraged.

17.After finishing the afternoon exams, examinees must proceed to the queue at
the security check area to claim their deposited items. After claiming their
deposited items, they will not be allowed to loiter in the egress area and will
be advised to leave the premises.

18.Examinees must monitor themselves for any symptoms and continue their
self-quarantine even after the week’s examination.

General Protocols Before the Examinations

1. To manage the volume of downloads and maintain the integrity of the Bar
Examinations, examinees shall be given one hour during every Bar Sunday
within which to download the morning and afternoon exam files. At their time
slot, both exams will be made available for download at the Examplify
dashboard. Examinees must download both exam files on the laptop they

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 intend to use for the Bar Examinations. Only one download of each exam
file shall be allotted for each examinee.

Examinees may download both exam files at home, while in transit, or at their
assigned exam room in their local testing center. However, examinees may
not use their devices to download the exam files while they are in line for the
security process in the local testing centers. Thus, all Bar examinees are
reminded to plan ahead and manage their time wisely.

The download schedules for examinees will be sent to each examinee’s email
address.

Examinees who fail to download both exam files during their designated
time slot will be given a download period after the start of each exam. The
time taken to download the exam files will be deducted from their allotted
time. No extension shall be given.

2. Examinees will not be able to open the exam files until the password for each
exam has been deployed by the Bar Chairperson.

3. As a general rule, gates in all local testing centers will open for examinees by
4:30 a.m. and will close at exactly 7:30 a.m. Some local testing centers may
designate an earlier opening time. After the gates are closed, late examinees
will not be allowed to enter without the permission of the Bar Chairperson or
the Bar Chairperson’s authorized representative.

4. Examinees are encouraged to arrive early at their local testing centers, as there
will be four different security stations they will need to go through before
proceeding to their exam rooms.

5. The first security station will be the temperature check, the checking of the
antigen test results or RT-PCR test results, and the submission of the health
declaration form or scanning of the QR contact tracing code of the local
government unit or local testing center, whichever may be required.

Health declaration forms or registration for the QR contact tracing codes, and
their specific instructions, will be emailed to the examinees a few days before
each Bar Sunday. Examinees will not be allowed to fill out health declaration
forms or register for the QR contact tracing codes while waiting in line at the
security process.

6. The second security station will be the checking of the Notices of Admission
and identity verification. Security will verify if the examinee is at their correct
local testing center according to their Notice of Admission. Examinees will
be asked to remove their masks for five seconds at most to verify if they match

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 the photo on their Notice of Admission. The verification shall be done from a
one-meter distance. To protect both the examinee and the personnel,
examinees may wear face shields during this process. Examinees may remove
their face shields once their identity has been verified and their masks are put
on again.

The Office of the Bar Confidant will distribute plastic holders and lanyards
for their Notices of Admission on the first Bar Sunday at this security station.

Bar examinees should always wear their Notices of Admission prominently

displayed on their chests. This shall serve as their passes to enter into the local
testing center, as well as their assigned building and room. Examinees should
avoid losing this as its absence can bar them from admission into the local
testing center.

7. The third security station will be the bag inspection. The bag containing the
examinee’s personal belongings or the laptop bag will be separately checked.
To speed up the security process, examinees are required to place their
personal belongings in a clear or transparent bag. The laptop bag or sleeve
need not be transparent.

Only one laptop and one charger, as well as those allowed items listed in Item
D.2 of Bar Bulletin No. 26, will be allowed inside the exam room. All other
digital devices, chargers, extra batteries, watches (whether smartwatches,
digital, or analog), and other prohibited items will be deposited with the
security.

Examinees may claim them only after the afternoon examinations, while
exiting the local testing center.

8. The final security station will be the body frisking. All prohibited items found
on the examinee’s person will be deposited with the security before examinees
proceed to their assigned exam rooms.

9. Bringing deadly weapons inside the local testing center disqualifies the
examinee from taking the examinations and marks them as “did not finish.”
No refund of the examination fee will be allowed.

10.Bringing firearms inside the local testing centers is strictly prohibited and is
considered a violation of the Bar Examinations Rules of Conduct. This
prohibition applies even to those who have permits to carry firearms outside
of their residence. Any such weapon found on the examinee’s person shall be
confiscated, and the incident shall be reported to the Office of the Bar
Confidant for assessment if further investigation is warranted.

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 11.Possession of alcoholic drinks, cigarettes or electronic cigarettes, or anything
similar anywhere within the local testing center is not allowed. They will be
confiscated, and the incident shall be reported to the Office of the Bar
Confidant for assessment if further investigation is warranted.

Possession and drinking of alcoholic drinks, as well as smoking, are

considered violations of the Bar Examinations Rules of Conduct.

12.Styrofoam and single-use plastics are prohibited in all local testing centers.
Examinees are encouraged to reduce the use of plastics and other single-use
packaging for their food and beverages. Instead, examinees are highly
encouraged to bring tumblers or water jugs, reusable food containers, and the
like, which need not be transparent.

13.After passing through the security process, examinees shall go straight to their
assigned exam room.

During the Examinations

1. Before the start of the examinations, the examinees shall only be allowed to
go inside their assigned rooms upon submission of their Notice of Admission
to the Head Proctor. Examinees will again be asked to confirm their identity
by signing the Seat Plan. The Honor Code must also be submitted to the
Head Proctor on the first Bar Sunday, or on January 16, 2022.

Examinees are required to conduct themselves properly and avoid

conversations with other examinees.

At 7:30 a.m., all examinees should be inside their exam rooms and await
further instructions. They must leave their materials outside the exam rooms.

Everyone is encouraged to attend to their toilet and other personal needs

before the FIRST BELL (at 7:30 a.m.; 1:30 p.m.).

2. At the sound of the FIRST BELL, no examinee shall be allowed to leave the
exam room. Examinees may bring water, candies, and light snacks inside the
exam room, but are advised to avoid spillage.

3. Password deployment will begin at the sound of the FIRST

BELL. Examinees are advised to stay inside the exam room and wait for the
Head Proctor to post the exam password before starting with the exams.

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4. At the sound of the SECOND BELL (at 8:00 a.m.; 2:00 p.m.), the Head
Proctor, with the assistant proctors, shall post the exam password. Examinees
may then enter the password and start answering the examination. Four hours
shall be allotted for each examination.

5. Examinees who failed to download the exam files during their designated time
slot will be allowed to download them at 8:15 a.m. for the morning exam, and
at 2:15 p.m. for the afternoon exam.

The time taken to download the exam files will be deducted from their
allotted time. No time extensions shall be given.

6. It will be considered cheating and a violation of the Honor Code if an

examinee is caught with notes or “codigos” during the examination, or if
caught copying or allowing another examinee to copy their answers. Talking
to another examinee or handling another examinee’s laptop during the
examination shall be prima facie evidence of cheating. Communicating with
another examinee may be done only with the prior permission and in the
presence of the Head Proctor. CCTV cameras are placed in the exam rooms.

7. Examinees are not allowed to use their laptops or use their local testing
center’s internet connection for any purpose other than to use Examplify to
take the Bar Examinations.

Any examinee caught using their laptops for any unauthorized purpose
shall be subject to disciplinary action.

8. Should any examinee leave the room for any reason during the examination,
they must first enable the “Hide Exam” feature in Examplify. Examinees
should not submit their answer file prematurely, unless they intend to do so.

9. The THIRD BELL (11:30 a.m.; 5:30 p.m.) signals that only 30 minutes are
left before the end of the examination. The FOURTH BELL (11:55 a.m.;
5:55 p.m.) signifies that only five minutes are left before the end of the
examination. The FIFTH BELL (12:00 nn.; 6:00 p.m.) signifies the end of
the examination.

10.Examinees who shall finish the exam before the FIFTH BELL may
immediately upload their answer file.

At the FIFTH BELL, all examinees must begin uploading their answer files.
All examinees must submit their answer files within a reasonable time from
the expiry of the time limit for each exam.

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 When the answer file has been uploaded successfully, Examplify will display
a green upload confirmation screen. This confirmation screen must be shown
to the proctors before the examinee can leave the room. If an examinee fails
to show the confirmation screen, the examinee must open their Examplify
dashboard to show the proctor the record of successful upload.

11.After every examination and before leaving the room, the examinees should
ask for their Notice of Admission from the Head Proctor, who shall
accomplish the certification found at the back of the Notice of Admission as
proof of the examinees’ completion of the examination.

However, at the end of the last examination, i.e., after the Legal and Judicial
Ethics and Practical Exercises examination on the fourth Sunday, the
examinees’ Notices of Admission shall be retained by the Head Proctors for
submission to the Office of the Bar Confidant.

SPECIAL REMINDERS

1. Bar Examinees with special medical or other needs (e.g., insulin injections,
taking medications during examination hours, or breastfeeding moms who
need to bring electric breast pumps) should inform the Office of the Bar
Confidant at obc.helpdesk.sc@judiciary.gov.ph on or before January 3,
2022 so that appropriate preparations can be made well ahead of examination
time.

2. If a Bar examinee feels sick during the actual examination, the attention of
the Head Proctor or proctor should be called immediately for appropriate
action. The Court has prepared for this contingency.

3. Bar examinees should attend to their toilet needs before the FIRST BELL. If
an examinee needs to go to the toilet at any time during the actual
examination, the examinee should call the attention of the Head Proctor or
proctor for directions on the procedure to be observed.

4. In most testing centers, a lunch area shall be designated for examinees and
personnel. Examinees are highly encouraged to bring their own food, as they
will not be allowed to leave the local testing center during lunch break and
there will be no food concessionaires open in the local testing center.

5. The conduct of the 2020/21 Bar Examinations is an official function of the

Supreme Court and is an integral part of every examinee’s application for
admission to the Philippine Bar. Thus, examinees are reminded to observe
proper decorum. Any type of misdemeanor shall be considered as direct
contempt of court.

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 6. Examinees are, as much as practicable, encouraged to dress appropriately
and comfortably. Examinees may bring jackets, sweaters, hoodies, or
shawls, or wear full-body PPE, but are warned that not all testing rooms are
air-conditioned.

7. Examinees must use only transparent or clear bags, zipper storage bags,
purses, containers, and the like during the Bar Examinations. Laptop sleeves
or laptop bags, however, are not required to be transparent. Examinees are
advised to have only one laptop and one charger in their laptop bag, as well
as those allowed items listed in Item D.2 of the Frequently Asked Questions
on the Digitalized Examination Process accompanying Bar Bulletin No. 26.

You have come this far. The Bar Examinations test both honor and
excellence. Remember that it is not worth passing the exams when you do so by
being dishonest or by making others suffer.

Protect your health not only for yourself, but for all those who will take the
examinations with you. Be responsible.

Start your legal career with the nobility, capacity for leadership,
and empathy that our profession deserves.

All the best for everyone.

For strict compliance.

December 20, 2021.

MARVIC M.V.F. LEONEN

Associate Justice and
2020/21 Bar Examinations
Chairperson

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