Current,

Voltage, and
Resistance
 CURRENT (I)
Resistance the rate of flow of electric
charge (electrons)
unit: Ampere (A)

Voltage VOLTAGE (V)

the ratio of the work needed to
Current
move a charge to the strength of
that charge
unit: Volt (V)

RESISTANCE (R)
the opposition to the flow of an
electric current
unit: Ohm (Ω)
FACTORS AFFECTING RESISTANCE
Resistance increases as
LENGTH length increases.

Resistance increases as
AREA cross-sectional area decreases.

Resistance increases as
TEMPERATURE temperature increases.
 M ’ S L AW
OH
V=I x R
Ohm's law describes the relationship between the intensity of
current flowing through a circuit, the voltage of that electric
current and the resistance offered by the circuit to the passage
of said current: the potential difference (V) is directly
proportional to the current intensity (I) and resistance (R)
EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2
An electric heater works by
A radio uses a standard 1.5 V
passing a current of 100 A
through a coiled metal battery. How much
wire, making it red hot. If resistance is in the circuit if
the resistance of the wire is it uses a current of 0.01 A?
1.1 ohms, what voltage
must be applied to it?
R=V/I
R = (1.5 V) / (0.01 A)
V=IR R = 150 Ω
V = (100 A) (1.1 Ω)
V = 110 V
 EXE
Find the applied voltage of a

RCIS
circuit that draws 0.2 amperes
through a 4800-ohm resistance.

ES
What current flows through a hair dryer
plugged into a 110 Volt circuit if it has a
resistance of 25 ohms?

A sensor uses 2.0 x 10-4 A of current when it is

operated by a 3.0-V battery. What is the
resistance of the sensor circuit?