Drug Study

Name of Drug Dosage, Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing

Route and Action Responsibility
Frequency

Generic Name: Dosage: Cefuroxime Lower respiratory Hypersensitivity to Large doses can 1) Determine history
binds to one or infections caused cephalosporins and cause cerebral of hypersensitivity
Cefuroxime 500 mg more of the by S. related to antibiotics irritation and reactions to
penicillin-binding pneumoniae, S. convulsions; cephalosporins,
proteins (PBPs) aureus, E. coli, nausea, vomiting, penicillins, and
Brand Name: Frequency: which inhibits Klebsiella, H. Pregnant women diarrhea, GI history of allergies,
the final influenzae, S. disturbances;
particularly to
Ceftin Q8h transpeptidation pyogenes erythema
drugs, before
step of multiforme,
Dermatologic Lactating mother therapy is initiated.
peptidoglycan Stevens-Johnson
infections caused 2) Inspect IM and IV
Classification: Route: synthesis in syndrome,
by S. aureus, S. injection sites
bacterial cell epidermal
Antibiotic IVTT wall, thus pyogenes, E. coli, necrolysis. frequently for signs
inhibiting Klebsiella, of phlebitis.
biosynthesis and Enterobacter Potentially Fatal: 3) Monitor for
arresting cell Anaphylaxis, manifestations of
UTIs caused by nephrotoxicity,
wall assembly hypersensitivity
E. coli, Klebsiella pseudomembranou
resulting in (see Appendix F).
bacterial cell s colitis.
Uncomplicated Discontinue drug
death. and disseminated and report their
gonorrhea appearance
Absorption:
caused by N. promptly.
Absorbed from
gonorrhoeae 4) Monitor I&O rates
the GI tract with
peak plasma and pattern:
Septicemia
concentrations caused by S. Especially
after 2-3 hr pneumoniae, S. important in
(oral); may be aureus, E. coli, severely ill patients
enhanced by the Klebsiella, H. receiving high
presence of influenzae doses. Report any
food. significant
Meningitis
Distribution: caused by S. changes.
Pleural and pneumoniae, H.
synovial fluid, influenzae, S.
sputum, bone aureus, N.
and aqueous meningitidis
fluids; CSF
(therapeutic Bone and joint
concentrations). infections caused
Crosses the by S. aureus
placenta and
Perioperative
enters breast
prophylaxis
milk. Protein-
binding: Up to Treatment of
50%. acute bacterial
maxillary sinusitis
Metabolism:
in patients 3 mo–
Rapidly
12 yr
hydrolysed
(intestinal
mucosa and
blood).

Excretion: Via
 the urine by
glomerular
filtration and
renal tubular
secretion (as
unchanged); via
bile (small
amounts); 70
min (elimination
half-life);
prolonged in
neonates and
renal
impairment.

Reference

https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/pharmacology-drug-study-notes/cefuroxime/

http://www.robholland.com/Nursing/Drug_Guide/data/monographframes/C051.html

Name of Drug Dosage, Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Responsibility
Route and Action
Frequency
 Generic Name: Dosage: Tramadol Moderate to Suicidal patients, Sweating, dizziness, 1) Assess type, location,
inhibits reuptake moderately severe acute alcoholism; nausea, vomiting, and intensity of pain
Tramadol 2mg
of pain (extended- head injuries; dry mouth, fatigue, before and 2– 3 hr
Hydrochloride (peak) after
Frequency: norepinephrine, release raised intracranial asthenia,
serotonin and formulations pressure; severe somnolence, administration.
Q8 PRN 2) Assess BP and
enhances indicated for renal impairment; confusion,
Brand Name: respiratory rate
Route: serotonin patients who lactation. constipation,
before and
Ultram release. It alters require around- flushing, headache,
IVTT periodically during
perception and the-clock pain vertigo, tachycardia, administration.
response to management). palpitations, miosis, Respiratory
Classification: pain by binding insomnia, depression has not
Analgesic to mu-opiate orthostatic occurred with
receptors in the hypotension, recommended doses
CNS. seizures, CNS 3) Assess bowel
stimulation e.g. function routinely.
hallucinations. Prevention of
constipation should
Potentially Fatal: be instituted with
Respiratory increased intake of
depression. fluids and bulk and
with laxatives to
minimize constipating
effects.
4) Monitor patient for
seizures. May occur
within recommended
dose
5) range

Reference

https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/pharmacology-drug-study-notes/tramadol-hydrochloride/
 Name of Drug Dosage, Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Route and Action Responsibility
Frequency

Generic Name: Dosage: Potent anti-ulcer Short-term Hypersensitivity to CNS: Headache, 1) Assess heart rate,
drug that treatment of active ranitidine malaise, dizziness, ECG, and heart
Ranitidine 50mg
competitively duodenal ulcers somnolence, sounds, especially
Hydrochloride acute porphyria during exercise.
Frequency: and reversibly and benign gastric insomnia, vertigo,
inhibits ulcers. OTC administration mental confusion, Report any rhythm
Q8 disturbances or
histamine action Maintenance in children <12 y agitation,
Brand Name: symptoms of
Route: at H2-receptor therapy for depression,
increased
Zantac sites on parietal duodenal and hallucinations in
IVTT arrhythmias,
cells, thus gastric ulcers after older adults. including
blocking gastric healing of active palpitations, chest
Classification: CV: Bradycardia
acid secretion. ulcer(s). discomfort,
(with rapid IV push)
Histamine2 (H2) Indirectly Management of shortness of
antagonist reduces pepsin gastric GI: Constipation, breath, fainting,
secretion but hypersecretory nausea, abdominal and
appears to have states (Zollinger- pain, diarrhea fatigue/weakness.
minimal effect Ellison syndrome). 2) Monitor signs of
Skin: Rash.
on fasting and Treatment of and hypersensitivity
postprandial maintenance Hematologic: reactions, including
Reversible pulmonary
serum gastrin therapy for erosive
decrease in WBC symptoms
concentrations esophagitis.
(tightness in the
or secretion of Treatment of count,
throat or chest,
gastric intrinsic gastroesophageal thrombocytopenia
wheezing, cough,
factor or mucus reflux disease Body as a Whole: dyspnea) or skin
(GERD). Hypersensitivity reactions (rash,
Heartburn, acid reactions, pruritus, urticaria).
indigestion, and anaphylaxis (rare) Notify physician or
sour stomach nursing staff
 (OTC use). IV: immediately if
Prevention and these reactions
treatment of occur.
stress-induced 3) Be alert for signs of
upper GI bleeding vasculitis, including
fatigue, weakness,
in critically ill
muscle pain, joint
patients.
pain, numbness,
fever, loss of
appetite, and
weight loss. Report
these signs to the
physician.
4) Advise patient to
avoid alcohol and
foods that may
cause an increase
in GI irritation.

Reference

https://fadavispt.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1873&sectionid=139024156

http://www.robholland.com/Nursing/Drug_Guide/data/monographframes/R005.html
 Name of Drug Dosage, Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing
Route and Action Responsibility
Frequency

Generic Name: Dosage: Inhibits Short-term 1) This drug should 1) Respiratory: 1) Assess first the
prostaglandin management of be used cautiously rhinitis, patient before
Ketorolac 50 mg
synthesis, pain (not to with patients who hemoptysis, administering this
Frequency: producing exceed 5 days have impaired dyspnea drug: know the
peripherally total for all routes hearing, allergies, 2) GI: GI pain, history (e.g.
Brand Name: Q6h allergies, renal
mediated combined). and diarrhea,
Toradol Route: impairment, etc.)
analgesia. Also cardiovascular/gast vomiting,
and physical
has antipyretic rointestinal/hepatic nausea
IVTT condition of the
and anti- conditions. 3) CNS: dizziness,
patient (reflexes,
Classification: inflammatory 2) It is contraindicated fatigue, ophthalmologic and
nonsteroidal anti- properties. during labor and insomnia, audiometric
inflammatoryagent Therapeutic delivery and headache evaluation,
Effects: mothers who give 4) Hematologic: orientation, clotting
Decreased breastfeeding to neutropenia, times, serum
pain. their babies. leukopenia, electrolytes, etc.)
3) Contraindicated to decreased Hgb 2) In case of
patients who wear or Hct, bone hypersensitivity, be
soft contact lenses. marrow sure that
4) Contraindicated to depression emergency
equipment is
patients who use 5) Dermatologic:
available.
NSAIDs sweating, dry
3) Drug vials should
simultaneously. mucous
be protected from
5) Contraindicated to membrane, light.
patients who have pruritus 4) To maintain serum
a history of levels and control
gastrointestinal pain effectively,
bleeding or peptic administer it every
 ulcer. six hours.
6) Contraindicated to 5) Report any signs of
patients who are itching, swelling in
suspected or the ankles, sore
confirmed throat, easy
cerebrovascular bruising, etc.
bleeding.

Reference:

https://rnspeak.com/ketorolac-toradol-drug-study/