A.1.

The majority of commodities are purchased through channel middlemen, whose primary

function is to transfer things from manufacturers to end consumers. A intermediary's job is to get
things to customers, whether they're business or consumer. Some middlemen take title to the
goods from the manufacturer. Intermediaries  are consider by the consumer because they make
easier for consumers to locate what is needed by them, they assist in the establishment of
standards, and they facilitate comparison shopping—all of which promote market efficiency.
They transform a producer's product selection into a consumer's desired product assortment.
They acquire huge amounts from a variety of suppliers and then break them down into smaller
quantities and more diverse assortments for consumers. Intermediaries play a role in balancing
supply and demand. Intermediaries lead to increased productivity by bridging the significant
time, location, and possession barriers that exist between products and services and individuals
who would utilize them. By benefiting both producers and customers, intermediaries produce a
win-win situation. Increased efficiency, allowing for a wider range of items and transaction
routines, simplifies the process and improves the client experience.

A.2. Escorted tourism is that type of tourism in which travelers are clubbed in groups to various
different destinations. In contrast to a self-guided tour, when the traveler is on their own,
escorted tours are a type of tourism in which tourists are accompanied in groups to different
locations. Package tours are another name for escorted tours. Escorted tours are usually led by
the tour director that is responsible for all aspects of the tour from start to finish. Flights,
lodgings, transportation, transfers to/from the airport/hotel, most meals, and some sightseeing are
usually included in escorted trips. Escorted trips are frequently performed by motor coach, and
each destination is typically visited for not more than three nights. They are frequently fast-
paced, and the prices usually contain the majority of the items. The fundamental components of
an escorted tour are a private guide, a tour vehicle, and a pre-determined agenda. Every logistical
travelling elements, from transport to checking in at each lodging and activity, is overseen by a
Private Guide. Your guide will assist with planning, ensuring that your family/group arrives on
time for each activity and that a pleasant mix of sightseeing and rest is maintained. Your escorted
trip includes a private tour vehicle, whether you are going in a tour bus (on a group escorted
tour) or a luxury 4WD car or minibus. A second driver and guide will be provided for certain
bigger group outings. G guide is also your vehicle driver for any smaller individually
and privately escorted trips. An itinerary is planned in advance. All guided excursions follow a
pre-planned agenda due to the logistics of travelling with a guide. If you join a group trip with a
defined itinerary, you can expect it to be strict and unchanging. If you travel with a personal
escort, however, your guide will be ready to assist you in making last-minute alterations to your
itinerary if, for example, the weather is not suitable for certain activity.

A.3. Qualifying a client is important in determining whether or not a potential client is a suitable
fit for your company. If the client is suitable then they are worth your efforts and time to convert
into a customer. You must determine whether a prospect is a prospective consumer with an
interest in your goods or only a contact number. Sales leads that have been qualified have a
greater return on investment and a higher close rate. The most important aspect of the sales
profession is qualifying a client. As you determine your next course of action based on your
qualifications. The 4-Step Process for Qualifying a Client is as follows:

 Always Mention the Cost on the First Call:

 Negotiate for the Best Price
 Never Send a Proposal Without First Discussing the Price
 Schedule a Follow-Up Meeting

The above points are explained with following example. You are a salesperson of mobile app
developers company. Now you got first call from a client asking for the development of an
application and client is asking you about the price. You and your client can discuss prices over
the phone according to the feature of the application. You'll receive a quick response from your
potential customer if you present a $150,000 estimate. They'll either alter their voice or ask if
there was anything more you can do, tell you it's absurdly high, or ask you to put up a budget.
Clients will either accept or reject that price once it is placed on the table. Pause once you've
calculated a cost. Wait for a response from them. In a negotiation, the first one to speak loses. In
the realm of sales, this is a general norm. If they don't respond, inquire as to whether or not what
you've offered is feasible. In practise, this goes like this: "Wow. Uber clones have been observed.
We just completed a project similar to this for a different sector. This is a large project with a
large number of components. We'd create an API, design the front end, and test it on iOS and
Android devices to ensure it's responsive. I've seen apps like this run for around $150,000 to
$200,000, depending on the UX and UI designs as well as the apparent research required to
ensure that it functions successfully. "Does that suit your needs?" "Yes, that's what I was
thinking," they'll remark, or "No, it doesn't work." Then you may offer additional possibilities or
even hand it over to one of your partners if they're prepared to build the app for less money. If
they are agree with your offer then now send a proposal for the project. They'll contact with you
again in the future if they're determined to buy from you. I like to transition into setting up a time
by saying something like "After they let you know that they want to talk it over with a co-
founder or (ideally) want to close a deal, I like to say something "That sounds fantastic. When
would you like to meet on monday or thrusday to discuss this?" If they object and say they'll
contact you through email after they've received the proposal, you might provide a hyperlink to
your calendar in the proposal email. And you'll be shocked how many of your clients are
interested in meeting in the same week once you start doing this.

And in another example, I am a salesman of a company that deals with manufacturing of glass
bottles and I am approaching my client that called me for the bottles to be used in their
milkshake business, So I will be qualifying for the pricing range that suits best for clients after
which a due proposal will be forwarded and a cost budget will be finalized based on all the
constraints while making sure to let the other guy negotiate first. Then the deal is finalized after
which the pre-requsites and other due drafts will be emailed and a meeting date will be agreed
upon and upon successful meeting, the task is finished.