Centre of Gravity

Centre of Gravity (C.G.) is that point through which the resultant of a system of parallel forces
formed by the weights of all particles of the body passes.

In other words, the point through which the whole weight of the body acts is known as centre of
gravity.
Every body has one and only one c.g.

Centroid

 The plane figures (like triangle, quadrilateral, circle, trapezoid, etc.) have only areas but
no mass. The centre of area of such figure is known as centroid.
 It is also called the geometrical centre or the centre of gravity.

Derivation for Centre of Gravity

Derivation for the Centroid of Area
Axis of Symmetry
Axis of Symmetry is a line or axis which divides the given line, are or volume into two equal and
identical parts.

Centroid always lies along the line of axis of symmetry.

How to calculate the position of C.G.?

1. Choose the reference axis (if not given) by considering the axis of symmetry.
2. Divide the given area into a number of elements with defined geometry.
3. Calculate the area and position of c.g. of each area from the reference axis.