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Harrison Kuo
decal.ocf.berkeley.edu/signin | Magic word: Shannon
Overview
1. What is a package?
2. Package management
3. Troubleshooting packages
4. Packaging
What is a package?
● An archive containing binaries and libraries of an application
● Also includes some other metadata for the system about the
application
● Used to install new applications onto a system
● Debian uses the .deb format
Package Management
● Every distribution uses a different package manager
● Debian uses dpkg as the backend to actually install the
packages
● However, most of the time, you will be using apt to install
packages
DPKG vs APT
● apt is a frontend to dpkg
● Usually you use apt for 99% of the time. An older version of
apt is apt-get. They are mostly the same.
● Usually use dpkg to install local files, fix broken packages or
interrupted installs, or inspect a .deb file.
● dpkg doesn’t have fancy logic to automatically resolve most
trivial problems unlike apt.
APT commands
apt update
apt remove
dpkg -I packagefilename
Configures all packages which have been unpacked but have not
completed installing. Run this if your install is interrupted and
your installation becomes corrupted.
Example: Installing a package
What just happened
1. apt update reads /etc/apt/sources.list and pulls
data from the repositories then updates the package lists in
/var/lib/apt/lists/
What just happened (Con’t)
2. apt install then:
.deb Metadata
version#, name, etc
/usr