Balancing of Reciprocating Masses and V Engines

1. The following data relate to a single cylinder reciprocating engine: Mass of the
reciprocating parts = 60 kg, Mass of the revolving parts = 40 kg at 160 mm radius, Speed =
60 rpm, Stroke = 320 mm. If 2/3 of the reciprocating parts and the whole of the revolving
parts are to be balanced, Determine

(i) The balance mass required at a radius of 350 mm, and

(ii) The unbalanced force when the crank has turned 50° from the top-dead centre.

2. In an in-line six cylinder engine working on two stroke cycle, the cylinder centre lines are
spaced at 600 mm. In the end view, the cranks are 60° apart and in the order 1-4-5-2-3-6. The
stroke of each piston is 400 mm and the connecting rod length is 1 metre. The mass of the
reciprocating parts is 200 kg per cylinder and that of rotating parts 100 kg per crank. The
engine rotates at 300 rpm. Examine the engine for the balance of primary and secondary
forces and couples. Find the maximum unbalanced forces and couples.
3. The following data refer to a four cylinder symmetrical engine which is in complete
primary balance. Mass of reciprocating parts attached to intermediate cranks= 500 kg, Angle
between intermediate cranks= 90°, Distance between center lines of intermediate
cranks=500mm, Distance between center lines of extreme cranks=2m, Length of each
crank=250mm, Connecting rod length between centers=1m.Estimate (i) Reciprocating
weights attached to extreme cranks (ii)their relative angular positions (iii) Unbalanced
secondary force and unbalanced secondary couple.
4. The firing order of a 6 cylinder 4 stroke inline engine is 1-4-2-6-3-5.The stroke is 120mm
and the length of each connecting rod is 240mm. The pitch distance between the cylinders
centre lines are 100mm each. The reciprocating mass per cylinder is 1kg and the engine runs
at 2400rpm. Determine the out-of-balance primary and secondary forces and couples.
5. The reciprocating mass per cylinder in a 60° V-twin engine is 1.5 kg. The stroke is 100mm
for each cylinder. If the engine runs at 1800 r.p.m, determine the maximum and minimum
values of the primary forces and find out the corresponding crank position.