Reinforced Concrete Water Tanks are constructed mainly in three types.

They are:
1. Underground Tanks
2. Elevated Tanks
3. Tanks over the ground
The Elevated tanks are supported by properly designed staging.

The codes that are used for water tank design is IS: 3370. The different parts of the
code is mentioned along with the respective sections dealt.

Connections
The main connection that is concerned in the water tank design is between the water tan
walls and the bottom floors. The joint provided here can be of three types. They are:

1. Fixed Joint
2. Hinged Joint
3. Free Base or a Flexible Joint
The joint details are mentioned in the code IS:3370 -Part IV. Based on the base
implemented the design calculations will change.

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A fixed base and a hinged base have a restrain action which will result in moments and
tension that have to be calculated.

 This will require Moment coefficient and ring tension at the base. Non-dimensional
parameters can be used to express the moment coefficients.
The parameter is: H2/ Dt

Here H = Height of the Tank

D = Diameter of the Tank
t = thickness of the tank wall

A free base between the walls and the base will not bring any restrain reactions or
moments which will require only the determination of the hoop tension that is created
due to hydrostatic pressure.