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Long-Term Care
Insurance Explained
BARBARA MARQUAND
• Insurance, Life Insurance
Jan. 13, 2022
It might be hard to imagine now, but chances are you’ll need some help
taking care of yourself later in life. The big question is: How will you pay
for it?
City State
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Get Started
on LTC Consumer
Discounts of up to
30% available with
select insurance
providers
*Disclaimer: Discounts vary by carrier. To qualify for the maximum available discount, applicant
must qualify for marital and good health discounts.
A long-term care insurance policy helps cover the costs of that care
when you have a chronic medical condition, a disability or a disorder
such as Alzheimer’s disease. Most policies will reimburse you for care
given in a variety of places, such as:
Your home.
A nursing home.
Before you shop for coverage, it’s important to learn more about the
following topics:
If you don’t have insurance to cover long-term care, you’ll have to pay for
it yourself in most states. You can get help through Medicaid, the federal
and state health insurance program for those with low incomes, but only
after you’ve exhausted most of your savings.
Nerdy Tip:
Starting in 2025, Washington state will provide long-term
care insurance to eligible residents, funded by a payroll tax that
begins in 2022. Washington workers may opt out of the program if
they buy a private long-term care insurance policy before November
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1, 2021. VisitGUIDES
the WA Cares Fund website for more information.
TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
People buy long-term care insurance for two reasons:
Assisted
Home Homemaker Adult day Nursing
living
health aide services health care home care
facility
$105,852 for
a private
room
2. To give you more choices for care. The more money you can spend,
the better the quality of care you can get. If you have to rely on
Medicaid, your choices will be limited to the nursing homes that
accept payments from the government program. Medicaid doesn’t pay
for assisted living in many states.
interest rates hurt because insurers invest the premiums their customers
pay and rely on the returns to make money.
You choose the amount of coverage you want. The policies usually cap
the amount paid out per day and the amount paid during your lifetime.
Once you’re approved for coverage and the policy is issued, you begin
paying premiums.
Under most long-term care policies, you’re eligible for benefits when you
can’t do at least two out of six “activities of daily living,” called ADLs, on
your own or you suffer from dementia or other cognitive impairment.
Bathing.
Dressing.
Eating.
When you need care and want to make a claim, the insurance company
will review medical documents from your doctor and may send a nurse
TOP PICKS to do an evaluation.
GUIDES Before approving a claim, the insurer must approve
TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
to do a eva uat o e o e app ov g a c a ,t e su e ust app ove
your plan of care.
Under most policies, you’ll have to pay for long-term care services out of
pocket for a certain amount of time, such as 30, 60 or 90 days, before
the insurer starts reimbursing you for any care. This is called the
“elimination period.”
The policy starts paying out after you’re eligible for benefits and usually
after you receive paid care for that period. Most policies pay up to a
daily limit for care until you reach the lifetime maximum.
Some companies offer a shared care option for couples when both
spouses buy policies. This lets you share the total amount of coverage,
so you can draw from your spouse’s pool of benefits if you reach the
limit on your policy.
Your age and health: The older you are and the more health problems
you have, the more you’ll pay when you buy a policy.
Gender: Women generally pay more than men because they live
longer and have a greater chance of making long-term care insurance
claims.
Marital status: Premiums are lower for married people than for single
people.
Insurance company: Prices for the same amount of coverage will vary
among insurance companies. That’s why it’s important to compare
quotes from different carriers.
A caveat: The price could go up after you buy a policy; prices aren’t
guaranteed to stay the same over your lifetime. Many policyholders saw
spikes in their rates in the past several years after insurance companies
asked state regulators for permission to hike premiums. They were able
to justify rate increases because the cost of claims overall were higher
than they had projected. Regulators approved the rate increases
because they wanted to make sure the insurance companies would have
enough money to continue paying claims.
40 or under $450
41 to 50 $850
51 to 60 $1,690
61 to 70 $4,520
You might also be able to buy a long-term care policy at work. Some
employers offer the opportunity to purchase coverage from their brokers
at group rates. Usually when you buy coverage this way, you’ll have to
answer some health questions, but it could be easier to qualify than if
you buy it on your own.
Get quotes from several companies for the same coverage to compare
prices. That holds true even if you’re offered a deal at work; despite the
group discount, you might find better rates elsewhere.
In its 2019 price comparison, the association found that rates varied
widely among insurers.
Here’s how it works: The insurers agree to offer policies that meet certain
quality standards, such as providing cost-of-living adjustments for
benefits to protect against inflation. In return for buying a “partnership
policy,” you can protect more of your assets if you use up all the long-
term care benefits and then want help through Medicaid. Normally in
most states, for instance, a single person would have to spend down
assets to $2,000 to be eligible for Medicaid. If you have a partnership
long-term care plan, you can qualify for Medicaid sooner. In most states,
you can keep a dollar that you would normally have had to spend to
qualify for Medicaid for every dollar your long-term care insurance paid
out.
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Alternatives to Buying Long-
Term Care Insurance
Barbara Marquand
Barbara Marquand writes about mortgages, homebuying and
homeownership.
Read more
Get quotes
Find The Best Term Life Insurance The Differences Between Term and
Whole Life Insurance
Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us.
This may influence which products we write about and where and how the product
appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are
our own.
Advertiser Disclosure
Alternatives to
Buying Long-Term
Care Insurance
BARBARA MARQUAND
• Insurance, Life Insurance
Jan. 13, 2022
Buying long-term care insurance is one way to plan financially for a time
TOP PICKS GUIDES TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
when you might need to pay for help to take care of yourself But it’s not
when you might need to pay for help to take care of yourself. But it s not
the only way to pay for in-home care, adult day care, assisted living or a
nursing home.
There are also age restrictions for purchasing a policy. If you’re over the
age of 75, most long-term care insurance carriers won’t approve you for
a policy.
A quick refresher
Long-term care refers to a host of services to help with “activities of
daily living,” such as bathing, eating and remembering to take
medication. Regular health insurance and Medicare pay for medical
expenses. But they don’t pay for custodial care, which is the nonmedical
help with routine activities. Medicaid, the federal and state health
insurance program for low-income people, pays for nursing home care.
But you have to spend most of your money first before you qualify.
AD
City State
Select a State
Get Started
on LTC Consumer
Discounts of up to
30% available with
select insurance
providers
*Disclaimer: Discounts vary by carrier. To qualify for the maximum available discount, applicant
must qualify for marital and good health discounts.
Planning is vital once you reach your 50s and 60s, because long-term
care is expensive. Among 65-year-olds, nearly 70% will require long-term
TOP PICKS
care services GUIDES
according to 2020 data from the Administration
TOOLS
for MY NERDWALLET
care services, according to 2020 data from the Administration for
Community Living, part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services. Of those who require long-term care, men will need services for
an average of 2.2 years, and women will need them for an average of 3.7
years.
A long-term care insurance policy pays for care up to the policy’s limits if
you have a severe cognitive impairment, such as dementia, or you can’t
do two out of six activities of daily living. Those are:
Bathing.
Dressing.
Eating.
Most policies sold today pay for care in a nursing home, assisted living
facility, adult day care center or at home.
But some buyers are wary about shelling out a lot of money for coverage
they may never use. And there is no guarantee that your annual policy
price won’t increase in the future. In the past decade, many long-term
care insurance policyholders have been hit with big price hikes.
Pro: You don’t risk paying for insurance that you may never use.
Con: A few years of care could put a big dent in your savings, leaving
less money for your heirs. You could also run out of money. In that
case, you could apply for coverage through Medicaid, which would
pay for nursing home care. But then your options would be limited to
facilities that accept Medicaid patients. And the program doesn’t pay
TOP PICKS for assistedGUIDES
living in every state. TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
Tap into ‘living benefits’ on a life insurance
policy
Also known as an “accelerated death benefit,” this feature is available on
most permanent life insurance policies such as whole life insurance. It
lets you take a portion of the life insurance payout while you’re still alive
to pay for medical expenses, including long-term care. The death benefit
is reduced by the amount used for long-term care.
Pro: The cost is included in your rates on some life insurance policies,
and you can add it for a small cost on others when you buy.
Con: The triggers for when you can access the benefits for care vary
by company, so read the fine print carefully. A trigger could be a
terminal illness diagnosis. Also, using the policy for long-term care
reduces the payout your life insurance beneficiaries will get.
Pro: The proceeds you get from selling your policy, a transaction
called a life settlement or viatical settlement, are usually more than
what you’d get if you surrendered the policy for the cash value.
Con: The proceeds may be taxed, and your survivors will no longer get
a death benefit from the policy. (When you die, the death benefit will
go to the new owner of your policy.) It can be tough to tell if you’re
getting a fair price. Life settlements generally aren’t available for term
life insurance policies.
Use an annuity
You can buy an immediate annuity to provide a steady stream of income
to pay for long-term care. With an immediate annuity, you pay a one-
TOP PICKS GUIDES TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
ti l d th i id t d t fi
time lump sum and the insurer provides a guaranteed stream of income
for a certain period or the rest of your life. The amount you receive
depends on how much you paid in and your age, health and gender.
Pro: You can buy an immediate annuity even if you’re in poor health. In
fact, you can qualify for a higher annual payout from the annuity if
you’re in poor health than if you’re in good health.
Con: You need a large sum of cash to invest, such as $50,000 or more.
The income from the annuity still might not be enough to pay for your
care. The tax implications for annuities are complex, so you’ll want to
talk with a tax advisor to understand the future tax bills.
Pro: You get something for your money even if you never use the
long-term care portion of the policy. If you don’t use it for long-term
care, or don’t use all of it, your beneficiary gets a life insurance payout
when you die.
Con: It’s an option only if you have a large sum of money to spend.
Lower in price ✓
No deductible ✓
Financially planning for long-term care is tricky. Before you buy any
insurance, talk to a trusted financial advisor to help you plan for long-
term care expenses. A fee-only advisor doesn’t earn commissions on
product sales and can help you look objectively at the big picture.
◅ PREVIOUS NEXT ▻
Long-Term Care Insurance Ordering the Combo: Life
Explained Insurance with Long-Term Care
Benefits
Barbara Marquand
Barbara Marquand writes about mortgages, homebuying and
homeownership.
Read more
Get quotes
Find The Best Term Life Insurance The Differences Between Term and
Whole Life Insurance
Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us.
This may influence which products we write about and where and how the product
appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are
our own.
Advertiser Disclosure
Ordering the
Combo: Life
Insurance with Long-
Term Care Benefits
BARBARA MARQUAND
• Insurance, Life Insurance
TOP PICKS GUIDES TOOLS MY NERDWALLET
J l 16 2021
July 16, 2021
The biggest risk of buying long-term care insurance is that you might
spend tens of thousands of dollars on something you won’t use. Policies
pay for nursing homes, assisted living or home health care — but what if
you never need these services? New types of policies combine long-term
care insurance with permanent life insurance, such as whole or universal
life.
If you want both types of coverage and can front the money, these
hybrid options are worth a look.
AD
Submit
The policy provides a pot of money for long-term care that’s equal to
several times your premium payments.
The policy’s death benefit will be reduced — which means less money
for your life insurance beneficiary — according to how much of the
long-term care benefit you use. Some policies guarantee a small
percentage of the full death benefit, such as 10%, even if you use all
the money allocated for long-term care.
You’ll need to supply medical records and take a life insurance medical
exam to qualify for some combination policies. Others offer “simplified
underwriting,” which means you may only need to answer health
questions over the phone. If you’re healthy, you’ll pay less for coverage
if you buy a policy that requires both an exam and submission of
medical records.
You won’t have premium hikes when you pay with a lump sum, and a
policy with a limited number of payments might even guarantee the
premiums will stay the same. Some owners of traditional long-term
care insurance policies have seen their premiums double within the
past several years as care costs have surpassed insurance companies’
projections. And with historically low interest rates, insurers haven’t
made enough investment income off of premiums to pay claims.
The downsides
A combination long-term care/life insurance policy is probably not for
you if:
You only need life insurance. In that case, you should buy a regular
term or permanent life insurance policy. Term life, designed to cover
the years that your family depends on your income, is sufficient for
most people. Permanent life insurance covers you for your whole life.
You don’t want permanent life insurance. If you need only temporary
coverage, shop for term life insurance, which is much cheaper.
You don’t have $75,000 (or more) burning a hole in your pocket. The
American Association for Long-Term Care Insurance says that
combination policies are best for people who have “lazy money”
sitting in CDs or money market accounts.
◅ PREVIOUS NEXT ▻
Alternatives to Buying Long- 5 Insider Tips for Finding
Term Care Insurance Affordable Long-Term Care
Insurance
Barbara Marquand
Barbara Marquand writes about mortgages, homebuying and
homeownership.
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Find The Best Term Life Insurance The Differences Between Term and
Whole Life Insurance
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