BASELINE ASSESSMENT

SECTORAL IMPACT ON MIGRANT WORKERS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE BASELINE REPORT

Asha Deep Foundation is a Non-Profit Organization carrying out development activities since last 35 years
in five states of India (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh). Since its inception the Emphasis
was given on the holistic development of the community of the people with a special focus Education, Health,
Skills trainings and Placements.
The project is primarily focused on two aspects such as the immediate rehabilitation and secondly, the
invitation of the sustainability of the migrant community in a holistic environment. Hence has tried to look
at the project will have different type of stakeholders presently and in the later situations. A few major
stakeholders whose roles are envisaged are Government Departments and Stakeholders, Employers,
Consumers, Local, Political and Religious Leaders, NGOs, Trade Unions and the Institutions

1. SECTORAL IMPACT ON MIGRANT WORKERS

girls showed more prowess and intellect in

Key Program Highlights
 Socio- Economic Composition and Related
Fields
The survey conducted has also tries to look at the
socio-economic strata of the target audience
wherein the maximum number of the individual
being from children and youth and a very
miniscule number of adults. The primary income
generation activities respondents are engaged in
informal sector occupation such as rag picking and
daily wage earnings with a minuscule number in
private and secure jobs. Most of those assessed
were working and currently employed in informal
jobs. In addition, most of the families earned less
than 1 lac per annum as earnings from their
employment,
 Educational Status and Related Information
The survey conducted indicates that a higher
number of men are literate in contrast to their
female counterparts being illiterate. Access to
education was easier for boys compared to girl
child and the disparity has been visible in the
community which was surveyed as well. However,
learning with more girls having grasping power.
Most of the children have access to remedial
classes and additional support in learning. The
maximum number of children had to cover a
distance of less than 1km or between 1-3kms for
their nearest school facility.
 Health and Well-Being
The survey conducted indicates on the health care
accessibility and nutritional linkage of the
children. The prenatal registration of the child is at
a higher end as assessed and analysed. Most of the
respondents preferred to give birth at the nearest
government facility or undertake child birth at
home, only a miniscule number resort to private
health care systems. The immunisation of children
has also happened in a predominant manner
primarily people accessing the facility through
AMC Centres and a few through Asha Workers.
Malnutrition in children is highly unlikely as the
majority of the children had ideal nutritional
values and availability of needs at their homes.
 Water Sanitation and Hygiene
The survey has projected that the maximum
respondents face the issue with open drainage and

improper sewer lines. Through the survey and
responses, it can be concurred that improper
sewer and drainage systems can hold potential
risks and health hazards to all the residents which
requires urgent attention Most of the respondents
have revealed that they do not receive water tank
for daily use of water for necessary and essential
needs. For drinking water, the primary source for
the residents is packaged water from outside.
Access to drinking water is significantly low in the
area as visible through the survey. In addition,
access to safe and secure sanitation facilities is
present in maximum residents; however, on the
other hand, safe and decent community sanitation
toilets are not available for the dwellers. This not
only reveals issues of proper sanitation practices
but also can cause health hazards in men and
women.
 Women in Families
Through the survey, it has been revealed, that
women are vulnerable to reproductive and sexual
health problems. Moreover, gender roles dictate
that women become the primary caretakers for
those affected by various issues – including
children, the injured and sick, and the elderly –
substantially increasing their emotional and
material workload. Women’s vulnerability is
further increased by the loss of men and/or
livelihoods, especially when a male head of
household has died, and the women must provide
for their families. Especially through the survey
there has been revelation, on the employment,
education, taking steps to prevent and/or respond
to protection challenges by offering assistance,
creating awareness and sharing information with
the affected population and advocacy with other
actors. Some of the aspects which need to be
focused on must be to the marginalized:
appropriate and adequate. Participation of
marginalized segments of the affected population
in design and implementation of the relief and
recovery programmes are some of the advocacy
points especially for women’s rights and gender
justice.
 Covid Aspects and its Impact on the
Community
The nationwide lockdown amidst the COVID-19
pandemic has critically dislocated its migrant
population. Lack of jobs and with public
transportation shut down, hundreds of thousands
of migrants were forced to walk hundreds of miles
back to their home villages – with some dying
during the journey and others stranded in various
locations. The country’s rapid response slowed
down the spread of the disease, but also raised
concerns about exacerbating existing inequalities
and vulnerabilities.
The impact of the COVID-19 virus and
containment measures on the most vulnerable
groups in India, and explore the social policy
measures and employment opportunities that can
protect informal and migrant workers from
hunger and extreme poverty. The perpetual
extensions of lockdown period and closure of
almost all the industries triggering the halt of
related activities like construction, transport and
movement of goods has left these labourers
perplexed and confused. This might adversely
affect in starting of economic activities and other
industries in the areas which they will leave after
the stabilization of the current scenario. This issue
needs to be handled carefully in both present and
future context, viewing it from a humanitarian as
well as economic aspect.
Results
 RCCE (Risk Communication and
Communication engagement) on COVID-19.
 Owing to risk of COVID spread temperature
surveillance of people in camp or household
setting in affected areas for timely follow-up
and referral
 Looking at excreta disposal practices post
disaster availability of portal toilets can be
 explored to prevent open defecation and to
provide privacy and dignity to adolescent girls
and women.
 City Municipal body needs to clean community
drains and dispose sludge and waste water
 Over flowing septic tanks in households
should be emptied immediately and safely
disposed
 Safe, adequate and reliable sewage disposal
systems need to be designed for communities
with no centralized wastewater treatment.
 Rainwater harvesting and storm water runoff
control measures need to be revised/
implemented as necessary.

Way Forward

 To develop and update NGO/ civil society data

bank at state and district level. Resource
management is crucial in emergency
operations
 To assess key issues and bring about
programmatic transformation and
implementation on the findings of the training
need assessment, sector wise capacity
building training programme for volunteer
groups to be developed.
2. Foreword

Asha Deep Foundation is a Non-Profit Organization carrying out development activities since last 35 years
in five States of India (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh). Since its inception the emphasis
was given on the holistic development of the community people with a special focus on education, health, skill
training and placements.
The project is primarily focused on two aspects such as the immediate rehabilitation and secondly, the
initiation of the process for sustainability of the migrant community in a hostile environment. Hence has tried
to look at the project will have different type of stakeholders presently and in the later situations. A few major
stakeholders whose roles are envisaged are Government Departments and Stakeholders, Employers,
Consumers, Local, Political and Religious Leaders, NGOs, Trade Unions and the Institutions

Disclaimer: The interpretations, data, views and opinions expressed in this report are collected through the
large-scale survey undertaken from the attendees and various stakeholders. To know more visit the website
http://adf.org.in/main.php

Please refer to the Annexure at the end of the Report for a cumulative table of each graph

0
Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE BASELINE REPORT ................................................................................................... 2
1. SECTORAL IMPACT ON MIGRANT WORKERS .............................................................................................. 2
2. Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................ 4
I. Background ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
II. General Information about the Target Audience .......................................................................................... 6
III. Socio – Economic Composition and Related Fields ....................................................................................... 6
IV. Educational Status and Related Information .................................................................................................. 9
V. Health and Well- Being..........................................................................................................................................12
VI. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene...........................................................................................................................14
VII. Women in Families .................................................................................................................................................17
VIII COVID Aspects & Its Impact on the Community s .......................................................................................22
3. RESULTS............................................................................................................................................................22
Highlighted Evaluation Findings............................................................................................................................23
IX. Annexure ....................................................................................................................................................................23

1
 I. Background

The project examines baseline assessment in order to access sector wise emerging needs, the project area is a
cluster of migrants’ settlements in close-by localities like Rajeev Nagar, Vikram Enclave, Shahid Nagar, Kutty
and Tila Mod which are in the Ghaziabad side of G.T. Road and the entire area is known as Delhi-Ghaziabad
border. Ghaziabad falls in the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi which consists of Delhi state and
adjoining four satellite cities viz. Ghaziabad, Noida (both in Uttar Pradesh state) and Gurugram and Faridabad
of Haryana state. National Capital Region has the
second highest population of inter-state migrants in
India, according to 2011 census data on migration.
The NCR only trails Maharashtra, a much larger
and more populous state. 40% of the people are
migrants in the region. Target community is a
migrant community (from various states) living in a
small residential area of slum settlements, with a
population of over 20,000 in 4000 plus family units.
55% of the population are Muslims, 40% are Hindus and 5% are others. Hindi is the Local Language
here. Only 20% of the population has own house and the rest live in rented accommodation or makeshift
houses. The magnitude of population and unplanned growth together with lack of infrastructure has made the
area chaotic and unhygienic. The problems of urbanization such as over-crowding, lack of housing, lack of
unemployment, slums/squatter settlement, lack of transportation, contaminated water, sewage problems,
disorganized trash disposal, filthy lanes &streets, air & sound pollution, violence and crimes etc. are visible in
the target area. In the project area vast majority of the people are unskilled and they take up any job they can
manage without much skills. The population in the community falls into following occupational groups such
as (a) rag-pickers – 30%, (b) Sweepers/scavengers – 20%, (c) Domestic Helps – 10% and (d) Rickshaw
pullers/E-rickshaw drivers – 10%. The rest 30% of the people engage in various different jobs like daily
wagers in markets, factories etc. or self-employment like vending, which forms almost half of this group. (No
baseline is yet done, and this data is based on the information collected from the feedbacks of the community)

II. General Information about the Target Audience

 The survey conducted has primarily targeted various age compositions at the five identified target
locations between 18 -30, 31 – 40, 41- 50 and 51 upwards.
 The survey accesses the target populations access to ration cards which enables availability of
essential food commodities at a subsidised rate.
 Majority of the segments accessed have VOTER Identity cards and Aadhar Cards
 The segments surveyed in maximum proportions do not have access to shelter and live in rented
accommodation
 The surveyed primarily do not own semi-permanent house structures but live in dilapidated
conditions of housing specially juggis and kuccha homes
 It can also be noted that all those surveyed have migrated from various neighbouring areas, primarily
due to lack of basic essential needs and job opportunities.

Analysis and Inference

2
 Age of household
51 & above, 51,
10%

18-30, 177, 36%

41-50, 106, 22%

31-40, 160, 32%

18-30 31-40 41-50 51 & above

Figure 1: Age of Households

Inference -The respondents of the survey indicate being the highest in percentage and size in the age category
of 18-30 years which is 36% in total followed by 31-40 years occupying 32% of the total population size and
the remaining 41-50 years are 22% and above 51 years are 10% in number. The age composition analysis
indicates an occupancy of younger group segments at a higher end under an average size of a household. As
indicated by Fig. 1 through all the responses received.

Access to Ration Card

400
300
200
100
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Mode Enclave

Ration Card Yes Ration Card No

Figure 1.2 Access to Ration Cards

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations of “Kutti, Pappu Colony, Rajeev Nagar,
Tilla Mode and Vikram Enclave” have indicated lesser access to ration cards. On average 75% of the
respondents have suggested having no access to ration cards and only mere 25% have access to ration cards.
The majority of the segments do not have access to ration cards. As indicated by Fig. 1.2 through all the
responses received.

3
 Access to Voter ID

Total

Vikram Enclave

Tilla Mode

Rajeev Nagar

Pappu Colony

Kutti

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Voter ID Yes Voter ID No

Figure 1.3 Access to Voter IDs

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations of “Kutti, Pappu Colony, Rajeev Nagar,
Tilla Mode and Vikram Enclave” have indicated having availability and access to Voter IDs. On average 62% of
the respondents have suggested having no access to voter IDs and only mere 37% have no access to voter IDs.
The majority of the segments have access to Voter ID cards. As indicated by Fig. 1.3 through all the responses
received.

Access to Aadhar Card

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Enclave

Aadhar Card Yes Aadhar Card No

Figure 1.4 Access to Aadhar Card

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations of “Kutti, Pappu Colony, Rajeev Nagar,
Tilla Mode and Vikram Enclave” have indicated having availability and access to Aadhar Card. On average 92%
of the respondents have suggested having no access to Aadhar Card and only mere 8% have no access to
Aadhar Card. The majority of the segments have access to Aadhar Card. As indicated by Fig. 1.4 through all
the responses received.

4
 Home Ownership Status
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

House Own House Rented

Figure 1.5 Status of Home Ownership

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations have informed about access to ownership
of their houses from the locations access 95% of the residents have been living in rented shelters and mere
5% have ownership of the home. The majority of the residents do not have any ownership of a one of the basic
components which is shelter and majority of their income would go into paying rents. As indicated by Fig. 1.5
through all the responses received.

Structure of the House

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Enclave

(a). Juggy (b). Kachha (c ) Pucca

Figure 1.6 Structure of the House

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations have informed about the kind of
structures of their homes, most predominantly living in slums 44% of the total segment accessed. On the other
hand, 36% live in kaccha houses and only mere 21% live in permanent structures. The majority of the
residents live in squalor and in ideal housing structures. As indicated by Fig. 1.6 through all the responses
received.

5
 State of Origin (Migrated From)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave

Migrated from (State) Bihar Migrated from (State) Delhi

Migrated from (State) UP Migrated from (State) WB

Figure 1.7 State of Origin (Migrated from)

Inference - The majority of the respondents have migrated from the various parts in the state of Uttar Pradesh
(UP) (the target locations also fall in UP) followed by West Bengal (WB), Bihar and the National Capital
Territory (Delhi). As indicated by Fig. 1.7 through all the responses received.

III. Socio – Economic Composition and Related Fields

 The survey conducted has also tried to look at the socio-economic strata of the target audience
wherein the maximum number of individuals being from children and youth and a very miniscule
number of adults. The gender composition of families is in majority with male figures being present
followed by females being present
 The primary income generation activities respondents are engaged in are informal sector occupation
such as rag picking and daily wage earnings with a minuscule number in private and secure jobs
 Most, of those assessed were working and currently employed in informal jobs. In addition, most of
the families earned less than 1 Lac per annum as earnings from their employment, indicating their
socio-economic status and distress in the families due to pressing financial conditions faced by all.

Analysis and Inference

Family Segment Individual Proportions

2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Total Family Members Children Total Family Members Youth

Total Family Members Adult

6
 Figure 2: Family Segment Individual Proportions

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations primarily encompass the following set of
individuals within a family 50% of the occupants in the family structure are children and 28% are between
the younger segment of the population and the least number being from the adult segment being 22% of the
family structure. As indicated by Fig. 2 through all the responses received.

Type of Occupation
200

150

100

50

0
Private Govt. Daily wager Rag Picking Other

Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar

Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

Figure 2.1: Type of Occupation

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations primarily encompass have been engaged
in the following occupations the predominant source of income has been from rag picking at 38% followed by
31% of daily wage earners and 29% working in other informal sectors. A menial 2% in government jobs and
1% in private independent jobs. As indicated by Fig. 2.1 through all the responses received.

Present Status of Occupation

80
60
40
20
0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Enclave

Present status of occupation working

Present status of occupation Not working
Present status of occupation No job
Present status of occupation Doing other Job

Figure 2.2: Present Status of Occupation

7
Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations primarily engaged in informal sectors and
are employed with 88% of the segment working 6% of the segment not working and the remaining 5% with
no jobs or employment opportunities. As indicated by Fig. 2.2 through all the responses received.

Total Yearly Income of the Family

500
400
300
200
100
0

Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4 Series5 Series6 Series7

Figure 2.3: Total Yearly Income of the Family

Inference - The respondents of the survey from the target locations primarily engaged in informal sectors and
are employed with their annual income primarily being 50,000 – 1,00,000 per annum this category saw the
highest number of families close to 79% under the category followed by 16% earning between 1,00,000 –
1,50,000 and the next 4% of the segments assessed earning between 1,50,000 to 2,00,000 and merely 1% in
2,00,000 to 2,50,000. Lastly, 1% having annual earnings of over 3,00,000. As indicated by Fig. 2.3 through all
the responses received.

Gender Composition of Family

1500
1000
500
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Total Family Members Male Total Family Members Female

Figure 2.4: Gender Composition of Family

Inference – The gender composition within families have been analysed basis the information provided by
those surveyed at the target locations with the predominant set of males in a family at 52% and females
comprising of 48% in a family which can be due to multiple factors such as many living without their wives
and other aspects. As indicated by Fig. 2.4 through all the responses received.

8
IV. Educational Status and Related Information

 The survey conducted indicates that a higher number of men are literate in contrast to their female
counterparts being illiterate.
 Access to education was easier for boys compared to girl child and the disparity has been visible in the
community which was surveyed as well. However, girls showed more prowess and intellect in learning
with more girls having grasping power.
 Most of the children have access to remedial classes and additional support in learning. The maximum
number of children had to cover a distance of less than 1km or between 1-3kms for their nearest school
facility.
 The survey also tried to access the educational needs and support required.

Analysis and Inference

Illiteracy Ratio
Illiterate Male Illiterate Female

250
200
150
100
50
0

Figure 3: Illiteracy Ratio

Inference – The illiteracy ratio as indicative with females being more illiterate compared to their male
counterparts with a ratio of 55% to 45%. As indicated by Fig. 3 through all the responses received.

Literacy Ratio
120

100

80

60

40

20

0
Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

Literate Male 18 - Literate Female 14 -

Figure 3.1: Literacy Ratio

Inference – The literacy ratio as indicative with females being more illiterate compared to their male
counterparts with a ratio of 56% to 44%. As indicated by Fig. 3.1 through all the responses received.

9
 School Going Children (Gender Ratio)
Boy Girl

80
60
40
20
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Figure 3.2: School Going Children (Gender Ratio)

Inference – The school going age category (6-18 years) accessed includes 52% boys and 48% girls based on
the survey conducted with higher numbers of boys having access to educational facilities. As indicated by Fig.
3.2 through all the responses received.

Grasping Power Education Wise (Gender

Ratio Comparison)
15
10
5
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Slow Learner (6-18 years) Boy Slow Learner (6-18 years) Girl

Figure 3.3: Grasping Power Education Wise (Gender Ratio Composition

Inference – The gender 0 wise assessment of educational learning and grasping intellect indicated that 63%
boys had lesser grasping power compared to their female counterparts 37%. As indicated by Fig. 3.3 through
all the responses received.

Remedial Classes
Total
Vikram Enclave
Tilla Mode
Rajeev Nagar
Pappu Colony
Kutti

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Remedial Class Yes Remedial Class No

10
 Figure 3.4: Remedial Learning Classes

Inference – The access to 0 remedial learning classes was seen in 87% of the children assessed who confirmed
of having a space for extra and supportive learning classes and 13% reporting no access to additional learning
activities. As indicated by Fig. 3.4 through all the responses received.

Total Distance of School from

Community
50
40
30
20
10
0
Less than 1 km 1-3 KM 3-5 Km More than 5 KM

Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar

Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

Figure 3.5: Total Distance of School to Community

Inference – The total0 distance taken as evaluated indicates that 53% of the segments cover a total of 1-3kms
and 44% covering a span of less than 1kms to visit school and the remaining 3% have to cover distance
between 3-5kms or more. As indicated by Fig. 3.5 through all the responses received.

Need of Education for Children

25
20
15
10
5
0
1 6 - - - -
Admission Tution Stationary Books Uniform Any other

Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode

Vikram Enclave Total

Figure 3.6: Emerging Educational Needs of Children

Inference – The maximum 0 number of needs that have emerged were for additional tuition on the curriculum
which was followed by admission to school support etc. The other supporting needs were also required such
as stationery, books, uniform support among others. As indicated by Fig. 3.6 through all the responses
received.

11
V. Health and Well- Being
 The survey conducted indicates on the health care accessibility and nutritional linkage of the children. The
prenatal registration of the child is at a higher end as assessed and analysed.
 Most of the respondents preferred to give birth at the nearest government facility or undertake child birth
at home, only a miniscule number resort to private health care systems.
 The immunisation of children has also happened in a predominant manner primarily people accessing the
facility through AMC Centres and a few through Asha Workers.
 Malnutrition in children is highly unlikely as the majority of the children had ideal nutritional values and
availability of needs at their homes.

Analysis and Inference

Registration for Pre-Natal

Care
400
200
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Registration for pre-natal care No

Registration for pre-natal care Yes

Figure 5: Registration for Pre-Natal Care

Inference – The maximum 0 segment of the population with the surveyed 76% have indicated that they have
access to pre-natal registration and 24% with no registration of the pre-natal segment. As indicated by Fig. 5
through all the responses received.

Preferred Place for Child - Birth

Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
GOVERNMENT PRIVATE AT HOME

Figure 5.1: Preferred Place of Child Birth

Inference – The maximum0 segment of the population with the surveyed 49% prefer to undertake child birth
activities at government hospitals/nursing homes followed by 45% preferring to give birth at home and the
remaining go to private hospitals for delivery of the child. As indicated by Fig. 5.1 through all the responses
received.

12
 Immunisation (0-5 Years)
Immunization (0-5Years) Yes Immunization (0-5Years) No

350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Figure 5.2: Immunisation of Children (0-5 years)

Inference – As per 0the respondents close to 95% have immunised their children with the remaining 5% not
immunised. The majority of the children in the age category have been immunised. As indicated by Fig. 5.2
through all the responses received.

Immunisation by
250
200
150
100
50
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Asha AMN

Figure 5.3: Immunisation by

Inference – As per the0 respondents close to 81% have immunised their children through AMC Health Centres
and the remaining 17% accessing immunisations via Asha workers. As indicated by Fig. 5.3 through all the
responses received.

13
 Malnutrition Ratio (0-12 Years)
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Malnourished (0-12 years) Yes Malnourished (0-12 years) No

Figure 5.4: Malnutrition Status

Inference – As per the respondents

0 close to 99% of the children do not face malnutrition and merely 1% do
not have access to food which could in turn threaten their nutritional aspects. The category of the segment
accessed lies between 0-12 years of age. As indicated by Fig. 5.2 through all the responses received.

VI. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

 The survey has projected that the maximum respondents face the issue with open drainage and improper
sewer lines. Through the survey and responses, it can be concurred that improper sewer and drainage
systems can hold potential risks and health hazards to all the residents which requires urgent attention
 Most of the respondents have revealed that they do not receive water tank for daily use of water for
necessary and essential needs. For drinking water, the primary source for the residents are packaged
water from outside. Access to drinking water is significantly low in the area as visible through the survey.
 In addition, access to safe and secure sanitation facilities is present in maximum residents, however on the
other hand, safe and decent community sanitation toilets are not available for the dwellers. This not only
reveals issues of proper sanitation practices but also can cause health hazards in men and women.

Analysis and Inference

Covered Drainage
300

250

200

150

100

50

0
Yes Some Portion All Open
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave

Figure 6: Drainage Covered Portion Covered

14 0
Inference – As per the respondents close to 76% have responded by saying that there is all open drainage and
the remaining 24% have reported that the sewer is open in some places. Indicating that a clear drainage
system has not been set up which can lead to various health risks and ailments and is an alarming condition.
As indicated by Fig. 6 through all the responses received.

Covered Sewerage
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave

Covered Sewage Yes Covered Sewage Underground

Covered Sewage No sewage line

Figure 6.1: Sewer Coverage

Inference – As per the respondents

0 close to 64% have responded by saying that there is no direct sewerage
system and 24% have reported that the sewer lines run underground, due to inadequate provisions to clean
sewer lines, there can be potential risks to various health hazards. As indicated by Fig. 6.1 through all the
responses received.

Water Tank
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram
Colony Nagar Enclave

Water tank Yes Water tank No

Figure 6.2: Availability of Water Tank

Inference – As per the respondents0 close to 78% of the people do not have access to water tanker systems
which can provide water for their daily needs while the remaining 22% have reported as saying having access
to water tank. Which can be an alarming condition, seen that majority of the people do not have access to
water. As indicated by Fig. 6.2 through all the responses received.

15
 Main Source of Water
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1 - - 96 -
- - - 59 -
(i) R/O Water (ii) Tap Water (iii) Tube Well Purchase Bottle Any Other
Water Water Source

Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

Figure 6.3: Primary Sources of Drinking Water

Inference – As per the respondents 0 close to 99% of the people have responded stating that their primary
means of access to clean drinking water is through purchased bottle waters. This is a precarious condition
given the fact that is not cost efficient and not being a sustainable means to receive drinking water. As indicated
by Fig. 6.3 through all the responses received.

Toilet in the House

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave

Toilet in the house Yes Toilet in the house No

Figure 6.4: Availability of Individual Household Latrines

Inference – As per the respondents

0 close to 88% of the people have indicated having access to individual
latrines at home, which enables in providing for decent sanitation needs and personal hygiene practices while
12% indicated having no access to an individual household latrine. As indicated by Fig. 6.4 through all the
responses received.

16
 Toilet in the Community
400
300
200
100
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Toilet in the community Yes

Toilet in the community No

Figure 6.5: Toilets in the Community s

Inference – As per the respondents0 close to 98% have responded by saying they do not have access to public
sanitation or community latrines for their use and only 2% have responded by saying that they are able to
access community latrines and toilet. This alarming condition could be precarious as, community sanitation
needs are equally important especially separate toilets for male and females which can be accessed by all. As
indicated by Fig. 6.5 through all the responses received.

VII. Women in Families

 Through the survey, it has been revealed, that women are vulnerable to reproductive and sexual health
problems. Moreover, gender roles dictate that women become the primary caretakers for those affected
by various issues – including children, the injured and sick, and the elderly – substantially increasing their
emotional and material workload.
 Women’s vulnerability is further increased by the loss of men and/or livelihoods, especially when a male
head of household has died, and the women must provide for their families.
 Especially through the survey there has been revelation, on the employment, education, taking steps to
prevent and/or respond to protection challenges by offering assistance, creating awareness and sharing
information with the affected population and advocacy with other actors.
 Some of the aspects which need to be focused on must be to the marginalised: appropriate and adequate.
Participation of marginalised segments of the affected population in design and implementation of the
relief and recovery programmes are some of the advocacy points especially for women’s rights and gender
justice.
Analysis and Inference

Opinion on a Girl Child

400

200

0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Opinion on birth of girlchild Burden

Opinion on birth of girlchild Blessing
Opinion on birth of girlchild Either is fine

Figure 7: Opinion on Girl Child

17 0
Inference – As per the respondents close to 82% have responded by saying they feel either gender of the child
born is fine with them, 17% feel that having a girl child is a blessing and 2% feel that having a girl can be added
burden. These reveal the ideas and opinions around having a girl child at home. As indicated by Fig. 7 through
all the responses received

Opinions on Female Foeticide

200

150

100

50

0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Enclave

Female Fetacide Nobody Should do it

Female Fetacide Alright if somebody is doing it
Female Fetacide Should be punishable

Figure 7.1: Opinions on Female Foeticide

0
Inference – As per the respondents close to 82% have responded by saying they feel either gender of the child
born is fine with them, 17% feel that having a girl child is a blessing and 2% feel that having a girl can be added
burden. These reveal the ideas and opinions around having a girl child at home. As indicated by Fig. 7.1 through
all the responses received

Girl Child Education

500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Better Some No

Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Enclave Total

Figure 7.2: Opinions on Girl’ Education

18
Inference – As per the respondents close to 94% have responded by saying they feel girl’s education has
become a necessary practice and a right in contrast to 4% who feel it is only somewhat better and the
remaining 2% acknowledge that there has been no improvement in facilities for girls’ education to be fostered.
As indicated by Fig. 7.2 through all the responses received

Opinions on Employment for Women/Girls

180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Kutti Pappu Colony Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Enclave

Jobs for girls Yes Jobs for girls No Jobs for girls If they want to

Figure 7.3: Opinions on Employment for Girls/Women

Inference – As per the respondents0 close to 63% have responded by saying they believe that it’s up to girls to
take up jobs, and it should be based on their personal opinion whether or not they wish to work or not. In
contrast 36% feel that yes girls should work as a necessary financial income for themselves and support for
family and 2% feel girls should not be allowed to work. As indicated by Fig. 7.3 through all the responses
received

Structure of Decision Making Within

Families
200
150
100
50
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

How decision has been taken in your family (a) Only male takes
decision
How decision has been taken in your family (b) Only female person
takes decision
Figure 7.4: Structure of Decision Making Within Families

Inference – As per the respondents

0 close to 76% have responded by saying they feel that decision making
primarily lies only with male figures in contrast to 24% who feel only women should be in charge of decision
making. As indicated by Fig. 7.4 through all the responses received
19
 Preference in Gender Terms
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Whom You Give More Importance (a) Male

Whom You Give More Importance (b) Female

Figure 7.5: Preference in Gender Terms

Inference – As per the respondents 0 close to 93% have responded by saying they give more importance to
male in contrast to 7% who feel it is importance to females. However, this reveals the gender disparity in terms
of majority feeling one gender should be given preference over the other. As indicated by Fig. 7.5 through all
the responses received

Awareness about Domestic Violence

300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Tilla Mode Vikram Total
Colony Nagar Enclave

Do You Know Domestic Violence Yes Do You Know Domestic Violence No

Figure 7.6: Awareness about Domestic Violence

Inference – As per the respondents

0 close to 62% have awareness about domestic violence and issues faced
by women and 38% who do not have any awareness about domestic violence. As indicated by Fig. 7.6 through
all the responses received

20
 Awareness on Gender Equality
Total
Vikram Enclave
Tilla Mode
Rajeev Nagar
Pappu Colony
Kutti

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Do You Know About Gender Equality No

Do You Know About Gender Equality Yes

Figure 7.7: Awareness on Gender Equality

Inference – As per the respondents close to 58% have responded by saying they are aware of gender equality
and about women’s rights in contrast to 42% who are not aware about gender equality and women’s rights.
As indicated by Fig. 7.7 through all the responses received

Awareness on Self - Help Groups

(SHGs)
200
100
0
Kutti Pappu Rajeev Nagar Tilla Mode Vikram
Colony Enclave

Do You Know Self Help Group(SHG) Yes

Do You Know Self Help Group(SHG) No

Figure 7.8: Awareness on Self – Help Groups (SHGs)

Inference – As per the0 respondents’ maximum are aware about Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and the
functionaries and systems. As indicated by Fig. 7.8 through all the responses received.

Awareness about Mahila

Panchayat
100

0
Kutti Pappu Colony
Rajeev NagarTilla ModeVikram Enclave

Do You Know About Mahila Panchayat Yes

Do You Know About Mahila Panchayat No

Figure 7.9: Awareness about Mahila Panchayat

0
21
Inference – As per the respondents’ maximum are not aware about Mahila Panchayat and the functionaries
and systems. There is a requirement to create awareness activities and programmes on the same. As indicated
by Fig. 7.9 through all the responses received.

Awareness on Various Schemes and Policies

Vikram Enclave

Tilla Mode

Rajeev Nagar

Pappu Colony

Kutti

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Family Know About Welfare Schemes Central and State Govt. No

Family Know About Welfare Schemes Central and State Govt. Yes

Figure 7.10: Awareness on Various Schemes and Policies

0
Inference – As per the respondents’ maximum are not aware about various schemes and policies and the
supporting functionaries and systems. There is a requirement to create awareness activities and programmes
on the same. As indicated by Fig. 7.10 through all the responses received.

VIII COVID Aspects & Its Impact on the Community s

The nationwide lockdown amidst the COVID-19 pandemic has critically dislocated its migrant population.
Lack of jobs and with public transportation shut down, hundreds of thousands of migrants were forced to walk
hundreds of miles back to their home villages – with some dying during the journey and others stranded in
various locations. The country’s rapid response slowed down the spread of the disease, but also raised
concerns about exacerbating existing inequalities and vulnerabilities.
The impact of the COVID-19 virus and containment measures on the most vulnerable groups in India, and
explore the social policy measures and employment opportunities that can protect informal and migrant
workers from hunger and extreme poverty. The perpetual extensions of lockdown period and closure of
almost all the industries triggering the halt of related activities like construction, transport and movement of
goods has left these labourers perplexed and confused. This might adversely affect in starting of economic
activities and other industries in the areas which they will leave after the stabilization of the current scenario.
This issue needs to be handled carefully in both present and future context, viewing it from a humanitarian as
well as economic aspect.
Some of the key issues faced by the families in the community are primarily have no access to houses,
no employment or income which are some of the challenges faced by the people of the targeted
locations.

3. RESULTS

 RCCE (Risk Communication and Communication engagement) on COVID-19.

22
  Owing to risk of COVID spread temperature surveillance of people in camp or household setting in affected
areas for timely follow-up and referral
 Looking at excreta disposal practices post disaster availability of portal toilets can be explored to prevent
open defecation and to provide privacy and dignity to adolescent girls and women.
 City Municipal body needs to clean community drains and dispose sludge and waste water
 Over flowing septic tanks in households should be emptied immediately and safely disposed
 Safe, adequate and reliable sewage disposal systems need to be designed for communities with no
centralized wastewater treatment.
 Rainwater harvesting and storm water runoff control measures need to be revised/ implemented as
necessary.

Highlighted Evaluation Findings

Goals and objectives suitable for the intended audience

The goals of the survey were with the intention to bring out the key challenges and issues faced by the
community. Additionally, to understand the impact of COVID as well as other emerging issues can have on the
community and the kind of advocacy and programme interventions required to deal with them. It also must
be noted that one must create positive disposition towards preventive and control public health measures
through the close program in the area.

Methods and materials

The assessment was focused on the following themes:

1. General information about various personal information and general know how’s Asha Deep
Foundation reached out to hundreds of community members who responded to the Needs Assessment
Survey.
2. Organization’s human resource capacity and extend of the work in understanding the needs
Organization’s level of involvement and the intervention for various sectors.
3. Partnership and collaboration among the networks and key driving aspects for advocacy wherever
lacking and comes through the report. The aim will be to record partnerships with other stakeholders
and the extent of external coordination and collaboration.
4. Understanding organization’s monitoring and evaluation mechanism for the feedbacks: This section
helps comprehending the organization’s data management, monitoring, and evaluation mechanisms,
and the use of data for decision making.
5. Understanding the implementation gaps and the future action plan for strengthen the capacity needs:
The final section of the tool provides the opportunity for organizations to share upcoming plans, and
capacity needs in short, medium, and long-term.
Way Forward and Future Action Plan

1. To develop and update NGO/ civil society data bank at state and district level. Resource management is
crucial in emergency operations
2. To assess key issues and bring about programmatic transformation and implementation on the findings
of the training need assessment, sector wise capacity building training programme for volunteer groups
to be developed.

IX. Annexure

Data Compilation – Question Wise Table

23
 Data_Table
Compilation.xlsx

24