Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hereditary
Both parents must be carriers of the
defective gene for CF to be present in a
child.
Pancreatic insufficiency
CLINICAL MANIFESTATION:
GI MANIFESTATION:
1. Meconium ileus found in neonates.
OTHER MANIFESTATIONS:
1. Thin extremities, sallow skin, wasted buttocks.
2. Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, weight loss.
3. Salty taste when parents kiss the skin.
4. Sterility in males
5. Hypoproteinemia and anemia6. Bleeding diathesis
7. Hyponatremia and heat prostration
8.Kyphosis
COMPLICATIONS:
Patients with CF are at high risk for a variety of
complications including:
-bronchiectasis
-pneumothorax
-corpulmonale
-respiratory failure
-bowel obstruction can occur as a result of thick mucus
binding with poorly digested fecal matter.
-Diabetes from pancreatic islet cell involvement may
be present late in the disease.
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS:
Quantitative sweat chloride test; pilocarpine
iontophoresis, performed at a CF foundation
accredited center by skilled personnel.
Measures sodium and chloride content in sweat.
a) Chloride level greater than 60mEq/L is
diagnostic.
b) Chloride of 4o to 60mEq/L is borderline and
should be repeated, followed by genotype for
the most frequent CFTR mutations.
c) Sodium level greater than 60mEq/L is
diagnostic.
CONT…..
Measurement of trypsin concentration in
duodenal secretions; absence of normal
concentration virtually diagnostic.
Analysis of digestive enzymes (trypsin and
chymotrypsin ) in stool- reduced, used for initial
screening for CF.
Chest x-ray may be normal initially; later shows
areas of infection, overinflation, bronchial
thickening and plugging, atelectasis, fibrosis and
emphysema.
CONT…..
Sinus radiograph or computed tomography shows
mucus plugging.
Analysis of stool for steatorrhea.
Sputum or throat cultures to rule out infection.
Pulmonary function studies (after age 4)
a) Decreased vital capacity and flow rates.
b) Increased residual volume or increased total
lung capacity.
CONT….
Hot shower.