Chapter 1.

6, Problem 28E

Problem

Use rules of inference to show that if and

arc true, then is also true, where the domains of al I quantifiers are the
same.

Step-by-step solution

Step 1 of 4

The objective is to show that, if and are

true then is also true.

The premises are and

The conclusion is

Step 2 of 4
Construct an argument to show that premises lead to the desired conclusion:

Use universal instantiation for the premises and

Step Reason

1. Premise

2. Universal Instantiation from 1.

3. Premise

4. Universal Instantiation from 3.

Step 3 of 4
Apply the law of implication to

5. Equivalent form of implication on 4.

Use De Morgan’s law to

6. De Morgan’s Law 5.

7. Associative law on 6.

Now apply resolution to steps 2 and 7 and simplify it using idempotent

laws.

8. Resolution form 2 and 7.

9. Idempotent on 8.

Step 4 of 4
Rewrite the statement and apply to it:

10. Double negation on 9.

11. Equivalent form of implication on 10.

Finally apply general instantiation to step 11.

12. Universal generalization on 11.

Therefore, if and are true then

is also true.