Normal

Curve
Learning Outcome:

At the end of the

discussion, you are
expected to be able to:
Calculate the probability of
an event as an application
of the areas of z-scores;
Introduction
Mathematics has always been concerned with relationships. This week, we
focus on significant relationships. A relationship becomes significant if the
presence of one greatly affects another one. It does not however
automatically mean that the relationship is always positive because
sometime, it could also be negative.
A positive relationship brings development to each one while a negative
relationship brings decay to one as the other makes progress.
What does it take to make a positive relationship? It is by remembering
always that your existence matters because of the existence of others. A
graph on a Cartesian plane cannot be drawn if only the value of x exists.
There has to have a value for y. As a human being, our existence also
matters because of the existence of our fellowmen. In the midst of the
pandemic and even beyond, let us be more loving and more compassionate
especially to the vulnerable. Let us build more positive relationships.
Data management tools
- tools in analyzing and interpreting data.
- In utilizing these tools, you could easily see
existing or the non-existence of relationships
between the values of a given set.
A normal distribution is a continuous
probability distribution which
generally presents either interval or
ratio data.

A set of data is normally distributed if

it shows a bell-shaped curve when
drawn on a histogram.
A normal distribution has:
• A bell-shaped curve
• Curve has total area of 1
• Tails of the curve are asymptotic to the
horizontal line
• Curve is symmetrical to the mean

• Determined by the population mean (𝜇) and

population standard deviation (𝜎). The mean
controls the center and the standard deviation
controls the spread of the distribution
Where 𝑧 = normal distribution
𝑥=random variable

𝜇=population mean Ӗ sample mean

𝑥=
𝜎=population standard deviation s=standard deviation
Standard
Normal
Distribution
Areas under the Normal Curve
Steps in finding the area
under the normal curve
Draw the normal curve

Shade the appropriate region

the area using the Table of Areas under

Calculate the Normal Curve
Uses of the Normal Curve
Uses of the Normal Curve

• 𝑃 𝑧≤𝑎
- area to the
left of a
Uses of the Normal Curve

otations:
• 𝑃 𝑧≥𝑎
-Area to the
right of a
• Find areas of the following z-scores
• 1.87

• -2.10

• 4.32

• 5.00

• -1.31
• Calculate the probability of
1. P (0≤ z ≤ 1.87)
• Calculate the probability of
2. P (-2.10 ≤ z ≤ 1.87)
• Calculate the probability of
3. P(z ≤-1.31)
• Calculate the probability of
4. P (z ≥-2.10)
• Calculate the probability of
5. P(1.87 ≤ z ≤ 4.32)
Forty-five students took an examination. The mean score is 87, with a
standard deviation of 4.

What is the probability that you will get a score of more than 90 in the
examination?
Forty-five students took an examination. The mean score is 87, with a
standard deviation of 4.
What is the probability that you will get a score between 75-80?
Forty-five students took an examination. The mean score is 87, with a
standard deviation of 4.
What is the probability that you will get a failing score? (Failing score is
74 and below)
• If you scored 72 on the first test, for which
the mean of all scores was 65 and the
standard deviation was 8.; and received a
60 on a second test, for which the mean of
all scores was 45 and the standard
deviation was 12. In what exam did you do
better?
Summary
A set of data is said to be normally distributed if it
shows a bell-shaped curve when drawn on a histogram.
Data management tools are instruments used in
analyzing and interpreting data. A linear correlation
analysis is used to determine the strength and direction
of the relationship between continuous bivariate data. In
order to develop an equation to describe the relationship
between variables, a linear regression analysis or
prediction line is used.