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Chapter 3 Scattering Parameters
Chapter 3 Scattering Parameters
Chapter 3
Scattering Parameters
Department of Telecommunications
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology 1
4/3/2015 Cuong Huynh, Ph.D.Telecommunications Engineering DepartmentHCMUT 1
Chapter 3: Scattering ParamEterers
Outline
1. Introduction
2. S Parameter Definition and Calculation
3. S Matrix Properties
4. S Parameter and Time Average Power
5. Generalized Parameters
6. Matrix conversion
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4/3/2015 Cuong Huynh, Ph.D.Telecommunications Engineering DepartmentHCMUT 2
1. Introduction
Review of [Z], [Y], [H], [ABCD] matrixs
I1 VN
Port 1 V1 Port N
IN
Maïng
N Cöûa
I2
Port j
Port 2 Ij Vj
V2
V1 I1 V1 I1
A C B D
V2 V2 I 2 0
I2 V2 0 I2
I 2 0 V2 0
[ABCD] Matrix
I1 I1a I 2a I1b I 2b I2
2-port 2-port
V1 V1a V2a V1b V2b V2
Network Network
A B A B A B
C D C D .
a C D b
At microwave regime: Voltages, currents and power are represented in term of incident
and reflect qualities.
S-parameters matrix, defined in terms of traveling waves, is used instead.
The scattering matrix represents the relation between the voltage incident waves on the
ports to voltage reflected wave from the ports.
S-parameters are measured with matched loads rather than open- or short-circuits.
At microwave frequencies, matched loads are relatively easy to realize.
S-parameters are measured using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA).
VNA
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4/3/2015 Cuong Huynh, Ph.D.Telecommunications Engineering DepartmentHCMUT 11
S-Parameter Definition
Z1
Port 1 Z2 Port 2
Reciprocal Networks
Lossless Networks
If the network is lossless, no real power can be delivered to the
network
Lossless Networks
, for i=j
Example
Assume L=0 !
Z1
Port 1 Z2 Port 2
AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01
S11
AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01
A (1 S11 S 22 S ) Z 01 / Z 02 / 2S 21
2( AD BC ) Z 01Z 02
B (1 S11 S 22 S ) Z 01.Z 02 / 2S 21 S12
AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01
C (1 S11 S 22 S ) / 2S 21 Z 01.Z 02 2 Z 01Z 02
S 21
D (1 S11 S 22 S ) Z 02 / Z 01 / 2S 21 AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01
S S11S12 S12 S21 AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01
S 22
AZ 02 B CZ 01Z 02 DZ 01