CHAPTER I: RIZAL LAWS

1. Republic Act No. 1425

 Title: An Act to Include in the Curricula of all Public and Private Schools, Colleges and
Universities Courses on the Life, Works and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His
Novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and
Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes
 Most important Rizal Law because it was the law that mandated students to take Rizal
subject in College.
 The author of this law is Senator Claro M. Recto.
 The law was passed on June 12, 1956.
 Jose P. Laurel co-wrote the law.
2. Republic Act No. 229
 Title: An Act to Prohibit Cockfighting, Horse Racing and Jai-Alai on the Thirtieth Day of
December of Each Year and to Create a Committee to Take Charge of the Proper
Celebration of Rizal Day in Every Municipality and Chartered City and for Other
Purposes
 The law stated that no one should gamble on the thirtieth of December yearly.
 Only the mayor can implement or have the authority to exercise the proper celebration of
Rizal Day.
3. Philippine Commission Act No. 345 of 1902
 Sec. 1 of the law states that December 30 is considered a public holiday.
4. Executive Order No. 429
 Title: Creating a Decoration to be Known as the Rizal Pro Patria Award
 Pro Patria means for the fatherland
 A law made by Pres. Carlos P. Garcia.
5. Decree of December 20, 1898
 A decree made by President Emilio Aguinaldo wherein he stated that December 30 is a
national day of mourning and all Philippine flags shall be hoisted at half-mast.
*Note: Republic Acts come from the Congress and Executive Orders come form the Executive Branch of the government.
CHAPTER II: IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF DR.
JOSE RIZAL
1. It provides insights into how to deal with current problems.
2. To understand better ourselves as Filipinos.
3. It makes us understand nationalism and patriotism.
4. It provides various essential life lessons.
5. It helps on developing logical and critical thinking.
6. Dr. Jose Rizal can serve as a worthwhile model and inspiration to every Filipino.
7. The subject is a rich source of entertaining narratives.

CHAPTER III: SITUATION OF THE 19TH CENTURY

 The 19th Century is also called as the Age Of Enlightenment
  Significant inventions during this time were Mathematics, Dictionary, Encyclopedias,
etc.
WORLD
USA
 The President of the United States before was Abraham Lincoln where he signed the
Emancipation Participation to give the 50,000 African-American slaves their freedom.
LATIN AMERICA
 Mexico just elected their President but, during the French Revolution the Emperor of
France before instructed his army to colonize Mexico. The President got removed from
the position and the Emperor installed a puppet Emperor for Mexico.
ASIA
 All countries in Asia were colonized except for Japan.
 Japan was not colonized because of the fact that Japan also were colonizing other
countries.
EUROPE
 No significant events in Europe during that time.
 The current monarch in United Kingdom was Queen Victoria (Queen Elizabeth II’s
grandmother).
SPAIN AND THE PHILIPPINES
There were 11 manifestations during the 19th century on the cruelty of the Spaniards to the
Filipinos:
1. Instability of Colonial Administration
 From 1835 to 1897, the Philippines was ruled by 50 governor generals.
 At one time, in a period of less than a year, there were four governor generals.
2. Corrupt Officials
3. Philippine Representation in Spanish Cortes
 There was no actual representation of Philippines in the Spanish Cortes before until they
realized that there is a need to have a representative from the Philippines.
 Ventura De los Reyes was the first representative of the Philippines in the Spanish
Cortes.
4. Human Rights Denied to Filipinos
 The Spanish Constitution stated that there should be a freedom of speech for everyone.
 The Philippines as a colonized country under Spain should enjoy that freedom, however,
the Spaniards denied that right to the Filipinos
5. No Equality Before the Law
 Every man should be equal in the eyes of the law, except God. However, for the
Spaniards, Filipinos before were not as equal as them.
6. Maladministration of Justice
 During the 19th century, those who practices the justice system were not knowledgeable
to perform as judges, fiscals, etc.
 Those who practice the justice system before got their position because of money or
wealth.
7. Racial Discrimination
  Filipinos before were called Indios
 Spaniards before were called Mestizos
 Filipinos also called the Spaniards Bangus (milkfish) because of the complexion of their
skin.
8. Frailocracy
 There was no separation of Church and State before.
 Friars were known to advise people through confession but they also advise people in
terms of their political beliefs.
9. Forced Labor
 The compulsory labor imposed by the Spaniards was called polo
 Male Filipinos aged 16 to 60 years old during that time were required to render polo y
servicios to the government.
 Polo y servicios is a service given by the Filipinos to the government through building
churches, schools, hospitals, buildings and repair of roads and bridges. The service is for
40 days a year without proper compensation.
 Through a Decree, they reduce the number of days of service from 40 days to 15 days.
10. Haciendas Owned by the Friars
 During the 19th Century, friars belonged to the elite group for they were considered as the
richest landlord through ownership of the best lands in the Philippines.
11. Guardia Civil
 It was the hated symbol of tyranny created by a Royal Decree
 Their duty is to maintain internal peace and order in the Philippines.
 They possessed superiority complex because of the fact that they use their power /
authority to capture persons without due process.