COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

HERCOR COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION (CJJE)
 Main Campus, Lawaan, Roxas City, 5800 Capiz, Philippines
ACADEMIC YEAR 2021 – 2022 | DEUS LUX MEA!

Department: ____________________________________________ Course Code: _______________________________

Name of Instructor: ______________________________________ Schedule: __________________________________
Course Descriptive Title: __________________________________ Semester: __________________________________

Name of Student: ________________________________________ Year and Section: ____________________________

Student ID Number: ______________________________________ Contact Number: ____________________________
Email Address: __________________________________________ Alternate Contact Number: ____________________

COMPUTER LITERACY 1
LEARNING MODULE

Course Description:

This course introduces the students to the basic computer concepts, computer functions, applications, and uses, basic parts
of a computer and various hardware components, storages devices, the information processing cycle, and computer security,
ethics, and privacy.

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 PRELIM PERIOD
AN OVERVIEW
This prelim period you will study the G-Suite for Education together with Computer Fundamentals. You will also
encounter key terms and there definitions, these terms are very useful to fully understand the subject matter.

Along with these, you will encounter assessment methods that will measure and evaluate your learning regarding
the subject matter. For this week, you are expected to equip yourself with the basic understanding of the course
in Computer Literacy.

PRELIM PERIOD [COMPUTER LITERACY] OBJECTIVES

By the end of this prelim period/week, you will be able to:

1. Utilize Google Apps which are relevant and useful for students and education.
2. Understand the basic concepts, usage and functions of computer.
3. Recognize the importance of computer literacy.
4. Familiarize the categories of software, data processing, various types of computer users.
5. Identify the different applications of computer in the society.

WEEKLY SCHEDULE
Every week, we will utilize blended learning method. Upon receiving this learning module, you shall be guided
with the lessons, discussions, and tasks need to be completed (Google Classroom). On the “DISCUSSIONS” part of
this module is for your advance reading, make sure to read and understand the provided notes and feel free to
use books or online references provided therein. I will be posting an Interactive Discussions & Class works in the
GOOGLE CLASSROOM (Note: Log-in and enter your assigned/given Class Code 6aq4kh3 to Google Classroom
at least 10 minutes before the class schedule).

DISCUSSION GUIDELINES
As you read and respond to others' posts, comments and reactions especially during Online Classes via Google
Classroom, keep in mind some basic rules for netiquette:

 Be kind and respectful to others

 Use full sentences
 Don't use too much jargon
 Treat others online as you wish to be treated
 Use language that supports others

ASSESSMENT METHODS
 Quizzes (face-to-face or Online via Google Classroom)
 Oral Questioning (face-to-face or Online via Google Classroom)
 Assignments (face-to-face or Online via Google Classroom)
 Activities and Observations (face-to-face or Online via Google Classroom)
 Written Exam and Practical Exam(face-to-face or Online via Google Classroom)
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 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
What is a Computer?
A Computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that
can accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results, and stores the results for future
use.
A Computer can also be defined in terms of functions it can perform. A computer can:
 accept data
 store data
 process data as desired
 retrieve the store data as and when required and
 print the result in desired format
The major characteristics of a computer are high speed, accuracy, diligence, versatility and storage.

 THREE COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER LITERACY

Awareness An awareness of the importance, versatility and pervasiveness of computer in society.
- is the ability to directly know and perceive, to feel, or to be of events. More broadly, it is
the state or quality of being conscious of something.

Knowledge Knowledge of what computers are and how they work.

- is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts,
information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by
perceiving, discovering, or learning.

Interaction The capability of interacting with a computer to use simple applications or a programs.
- is a kind of action that occurs as two or more objects have an effect upon one another.

 THREE MAIN COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER

 Hardware
 Software
 People/users

1. HARDWARE - the equipment associated with a computer system.

- Is the collection of physical parts of a computer system. This includes the computer case,
monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside the computer case,
such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and many others. Computer
hardware is what you can physically touch.
2. SOFTWARE – a set of instructions or programs that tell the hardware what to do. It also referred to
as programs.
- or simply software, is the part of a computer system that consists of encoded information
or computer instructions, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is
built.
User Interface – controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the
screen.

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 Graphical User Interface (GUI) – is the environment in which user interacts with the software using text,
graphics, and visual images such as icons.

Icon – is a miniature image that represents a program, an instruction or some other object.
TWO CATEGORIES OF SOFTWARE:

1. System Software
System software is programs that the computer uses. These programs manage the computer’s resources,
including hardware peripherals such as printer, keyboard, mouse and other devices connected to the
computer. System software is a collection of programs which includes the operating system, utilities and
drivers.
a. Operating System is a program basically responsible for the coordination, management and sharing
of hardware resources and tasks in the computer.
b. Utility Software is a program that performs maintenance tasks for the computer’s resources, such as
clean up and organizing files and programs so they would load and work faster.
c. Device Driver is a program that allows a particular hardware device to work and communicate with
the computer system. Each and every device whether inside or outside the CPU box requires this
program to run and operate properly.

Sample of popular operating systems are:

1. Microsoft Windows 10 is a personal computer operating system developed and released by Microsoft
as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It was officially unveiled in September 2014
following a brief demo at Build 2014.
2. Microsoft Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface
to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating
systems, including Android and iOS.
3. Microsoft Windows 7 was primarily intended to be an incremental upgrade to the operating system,
intending to address Windows Vista's critical reception (such as performance improvements), while
maintaining hardware and software compatibility.
4. Microsoft Windows XP is a very popular operating system made by Microsoft for desktop computers
and laptop found in homes and school.
5. Microsoft Vista is the new operating system made by Microsoft for desktop computers and laptop
with many changes and additional features than Windows XP.
6. Mac OS is the operating series for Macintosh computer. Macintosh is a series of computer made by
Apply Inc.
7. Linux is an operating system that runs on most computers it is free software and can be downloadable
from the internet.

2. Application Software. A computer becomes a valuable and efficient tool with the right programs or
software that a user can use. Software will enable the user to write letters, reports, and other
documents; performs various simple and complex computations; creates a record or a database of
certain items; draw and edit photo. Examples of application software includes the following:
a. Word Processor is a program that allows the user to create and change documents, letters,
reports, memos and other text documents. Examples are : Microsoft Word, Corel Perfect,
OpenOffice.org writer, and AppleWorks

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 b. Spreadsheets program are rows and columns of data organized and often calculations are
performed. Examples are : Microsoft Excel, AppleNumbers and OpenOffice.org
c. Presentation Software is software that is used to convey information, ideas, messages or
products to a target group of persons. Examples are: Microsoft PowerPoint, openoffice.org
impress, apple keynote, and adobe persuasion.
d. Web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving,
presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. (like Google Chrome,
Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox,
Etc.)
e. Graphics Software is programs for drawing and coloring. They can also edit pictures. Examples
are: Microsoft Paint, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, CorelDraw and Open Office Draw.

3. PEOPLE/USERS –the most important component of a computer system and also referred to as end-
users (because they are the end of the “computer line” and actually making use of computer’s
capabilities).

Software Development
A programmer, sometimes called a developer, is someone who develops software or writes the instructions
that direct the computer to process data into information. Complex programs can require thousands to millions
of instructions.

Complete set of Personal Computer

A complete set of desktop computer is composed of the following common devices.
 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 System Unit

The processing of input to output is directed by the software but performed by the hardware. To function, a
computer system requires four main aspects of data handling:
 Input
 Processing
 Output
 Storage

https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/639188-data-processing-abstract-vector-illustration-in-bold-flat-style

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 Common computer hardware components include the keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, digital camera,
PC video camera, printer, monitor, speakers, portable media player, system unit, hard disk drive, external hard disk,
USB flash drive, card reader/writer, and modem.

The hardware responsible for the four areas of data handling is as follows:
 Input devices accept data or commands in a form that the computer
can use and it allows you to enter data and instructions
into the computer; they send data or commands to the
processing unit.

Examples of commonly used input devices:

 Keyboard – is the most common input device. Contains keys you press to enter data into the
computer.
 Mouse – is a small handheld device used to control movement of a small symbol or the pointer on the
monitor screen.
 Microphone – is an input device, which takes voice as input. Allows a user to speak into the computer
to enter data and instructions.
 Scanner – converts printed materials (such as text and pictures) into form the computer can use.
 Barcode reader (or barcode scanner) – is an electronic device that can read and output printed
barcodes to a computer.
 Touch Screen System – touch panel displays and pads are now being offered as alternatives to
keyboard. Here the input can be given through the computer screen, that accepts the input through
monitor; users touch electronic buttons displayed on the screen or they may use light pen

 The Processor more formally known as the Central Processing Unit

(CPU), has electronic circuitry that processes raw data
into meaningful, useful information. CPU interprets and
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 executes program instruction ad communicates with the
input, output and storage devices.

Data – is the raw material to be processed by a computer such as grades in a class, scores in an examination,
light and dark areas in a photograph.
Information – data that is organized, meaningful and useful. In school for instance, an instructor could enter
various student scores (data) which could be processed to produce final grades and perhaps a class average
(information).

 Output devices show people the processed data(information) in

understandable and usable form.

Examples of commonly used output devices:

 Printer – produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper.
Some of the most commonly used printers are:
1. Laser Printer – produces high quality print that one normally finds in publishing. It is extremely fast and
quiet. Moreover, the operation of a laser printer is easy with automatic paper loading and no smudging
or messing up of ink ribbon. The fastest laser printer that can print up to 200 pages per minute in
monochrome (black and white) and up to 100 pages per minute in colour.
2. Ink Jet Printer - an ink-jet printer creates an image directly on paper by spraying ink through as many as
64 tiny nozzles. Although the image it produce is not generally quite as sharp as the output of a laser
printer, the quality of ink-jet images is still high.
3. Plotter – is a special kind of output device that, like a printer, produces images on a paper, but does so in
a different way. Plotters are designed to produce large drawings or images, such as construction plans for
buildings or blueprints for mechanical objects.

 Monitor – displays text, graphics, and videos on a screen. Many monitors look similar to a television.
The three types of monitor available in the market are the following:
a. Cathode ray tube (CRT) – is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun at one end and a
fluorescent screen at another end,

b. Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD): This type of monitors is also known as flat panel monitor. Most of
these employ liquid crystal displays (LCDs) to render images.

c. Light-emitting diode (LED) – is a flat-panel display that uses light-emitting diodes for backlighting.

 Speakers- allow the user to hear music, voice, and other audio (sounds).

 Projector or image projector - is an optical device that projects an image (or moving images) onto a
surface, commonly a projection screen.

 Storage usually means secondary storage, which consists of

and Storage secondary storage devices such as hard disk, diskettes,
Devices or some other kind of disk that can store data and
programs. Memory or primary storage is another form
of storage, which can hold data and programs only
temporarily. Memory holds the input data before
processing and also hold processed data after
processing until the data is released to the output
devices.

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 System Unit – is a case that contains the electronic component of the computer that are used to process data.
The circuitry of the system unit usually is a part or is connected to a circuit board called the motherboard.

Two main components of the motherboard:

1. Processor – is the electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate
the computer.

2. Memory – consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data
needed by those instructions.

COMPUTER DATA PROCESSING

A computer is a data processing piece of electronic device that processes input data into useful
information. It is a system since it is composed of six important elements (people, procedure, hardware, software,
data and connectivity) that work together to achieve results. Computers usually hold data, programs or
instruction and information in its storage for present and future use.

I O
N
PROCESSOR U
P T
DATA U P INFORMATION
T U
STORAGE T

Computer needs input data and commands from the user to work. Input data and commands are
commonly entered into the computer using the keyboard and mouse. When you type letters and numbers using
the keyboard that is a kind of input. When you click the mouse, which is an input. Input is defined as the data and
command entered into the computer.

Computer then works on these data and command input. This step is called process. The CPU (Central processing
unit) is where the process takes place. The CPU is called the brain of the computer. The CPU does its processing
very fast.
Process is defined as the work done by the computer to input data and commands. The Arithmetic logic
unit (ALU) and the Control Unit process the input data using the program used.
The result displayed on the monitor after the data is processed is called output. Output is data that has
been processed into a useful form. It transmitted through an output device. Output device include the monitor,
printer and speaker.
Computer storage is data retention which requires that data is still present even when the power is off.
Computer storage is an important function of modern computer and today it refers to hard disks, optical discs,
memory cards and flash drive.

 Communications Devices

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 A communications device is a hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and
receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers. A widely used communications
device is a modem.

Information Processing Cycle

Computers process data (input) into information (output). A computer often holds data, information, and
instructions in storage for future use. Instructions are the steps that tell the computer how to perform a particular
task. Some people refer to the series of input, process, output, and storage activities as the information
processing cycle. Recently, communications also has become an essential element of the information processing
cycle.

INPUT OUPUT
Type letters PROCESS Monitor displays
CPU does the work and

STORAGE
Save in Hard disk

Installing is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware
components. When you buy a computer, it usually has some software preinstalled on its hard disk. This enables
you to use the computer the first time you turn it on. To begin installing additional software from a CD or DVD,
insert the program disc in a CD or DVD drive. The computer then copies the program from the disc to the
computer’s hard disk. Once software is installed, you can use, or run, it. When you instruct the computer to run
an installed program, the computer loads it, which means the program is copied from storage to memory. Once
in memory, the computer can carry out, or execute, the instructions in the program.

Step 1: INSTALL Step 2: RUN

When you insert a greeting card program Once installed, you can instruct the computer to
disc in the CD drive for the first time, the run the greeting card program. The computer
computer begins the procedure of transfers instructions
installing the greeting card program on from the hard disk
the hard disk. to memory.

Step 3: USE
The greeting card program executes. Using this
program, you can create custom greeting
cards.to memory.

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ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS

 SPEED – Computer operations occur through electronic circuits. When data, instructions, and information
flow along these circuits, they travel at incredibly fast speeds. Many computers process billions or trillions
of operations in a single second. Processing involves:
 Computing (adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing)
 Sorting (e.g. alphabetizing)
 Organizing
 Formatting
 Checking spelling and grammar
 Charting
 Displaying picture
 Recording audio clips
 Playing music
 Showing a movie

 Reliability and consistency – the electronic components in modern computers are dependable and
reliability because they rarely break or fail. The high reliability of components enables the computer to
produce consistent result.

 Accuracy – computer generates error free results provided the input is correct and the instructions work.
A computing phrase – known as “garbage in, garbage out” –points out the accuracy of a computer’s output
depends on the accuracy of the input.

 Storage – A computer can transfer quickly from storage to memory, process it, and then store it again for
future use.

 Communications – Most computers today can communicate with other computers, often wirelessly.
Computers with this capability can share any of the four information processing cycle (input, process,
output and storage) with another computer or a user.

 Multitasking. With the use of computers, processing of tasks becomes faster and easier. Since computers
perform faster and accurately, people can save time and energy.

 Record keeping. Since computers have a large storage capacity, organizations can maintain accounts and
manage transactions even for a long period of time.

 Best for entertainment and online services. People can use their gadgets or mobile phones for watching
movies or videos., listening to music, playing computer games, communicating with loved ones or friends
or even paying bills online

 Great educational tool. Students can have access to any information on the internet. They can have
research for additional information other that what is taught inside the classroom.

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DISADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS

 Violation of Privacy – Nearly every life event is stored in a computer somewhere……… in medical
records, credit reports, tax records, etc. It is crucial that personal and confidential records be
protected properly. In many instances, where these records were not properly protected, individuals
have found their privacy violated and identifies stolen.

 Impact on Labour Force – Although computers have improved productivity in many ways and created
an entire industry with hundreds and thousands of new jobs, the skills of millions of employees have
been replaced by computers. Thus, it is crucial that workers keep their education up to date.

 Health Risks- Prolonged or improper computer use can lead to injuries or disorder of hands, wrist,
elbows, eyes, neck and back. Computer users can protect themselves from these health risks through
workplace design, good posture while at the computer and appropriately spaced work breaks.

 Impact on environment – Computer manufacturing processes and computer waste are depleting
natural resources and polluting the environment. When computers are discarded in landfills, they
release toxic material and potentially dangerous levels of leads, mercury, and flame retardants.
Strategies that can help protect the environment include recycling, regulating manufacturing
processing, extending the life of computers and immediately donating replaced computers.

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 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SOCIETY
EDUCATION
Education is the process of acquiring knowledge. Education is the process of acquiring knowledge. In the
traditional model, people learn from other people such as parents, teachers, and employers. Many forms of
printed material such as books and manuals are used as learning tools. Today, educators also are turning to
computers to assist with education. Many schools and companies equip labs and classrooms with computers as
learning tools.

FINANCE
Many people and companies use computers to help manage their finances. Some use financial software
to balance check books, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, manage investments and evaluate financial
plans.

GOVERNMENT
A government provides society with direction by making and administering policies. To provide citizens
with up to date information and government offices have websites.

HEALTH CARE
Nearly every area of health care uses computers. Computers are used for various purposes in health care
areas:
 Hospitals and doctors use computers to maintain patient’s records.
 Computers monitor patient’s vital signs in hospital rooms and at home.
 Computers and computerized devices assist doctors, nurses, and technicians with medical tests.
 Doctors use the web and medical software to assist with researching and diagnosing health conditions.
 Doctors use email to correspond with patients
 Pharmacists use computers to file insurance claims.
 Surgeons implant computerized devices, such as pacemakers, that allow patients to live longer.
 Surgeons use computer controlled devices to provide them with greater precision during operations such as
for laser eye surgery and robot assisted heart surgery.
Telemedicine – is an exciting development in health care which is a form of long distance health care.
Through telemedicine, health care professionals in separate locations conduct live conferences on the
computer.
Telesurgery - is the ability for a doctor to perform surgery on a patient even though they are not physically
in the same location. It is a form of telepresence.

SCIENCE
All branches of science, from biology to astronomy to meteorology, use computers to assist them with
collecting, analyzing, and modelling data. Scientists also use the internet to communicate with colleagues around
the world. Breakthrough in surgery, medicines and treatments often results from scientists’ use of computers.
A neural network is a system that attempts to imitate the behavior of the human brain. Scientists create
neural networks by connecting thousands of processors together much like neurons in the brain are connected.
The capability of a personal computer to recognize spoken words is a direct result of scientific experimentation
with neural networks.

PUBLISHING
Publishing is a process of making works available to the public. These works include books, newspapers,
music, film, and video. Special software assist graphic designers in developing pages that include text, graphics

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and photographs; artist in composing and enhancing songs, filmmakers in creating and editing film; journalists
and mobile users in capturing and modifying video clips.

TRAVEL
Whether travelling by car, or airplane, your goal is to arrive safely at your destination. As you make the
journey, you may interact with some of the latest technology. Vehicles manufactured today often include come
type of onboard navigation system. Many airlines now provide online access, allowing passengers to connect their
computer or device to the internet. In preparing for a trip, you may need to reserve a car, hotel, or flight. Many
websites offer these services to the public.

MANUFACTURING
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) refers to the use of computer to assist with manufacturing
processes such as fabrication and assembly. Industries use CAM to reduce product development costs, shorten a
products’ time to market, and stay ahead of the competition. Often, robots carry out processes in a CAM
environment. CAM is used by a variety of industries including oil drilling, power generation, food production and
automobile manufacturing.

PRELIM EXAM COVERAGE

Computer Fundamentals, G-Suite for Education, Advantages and Disadvantages of using computer and
Computer Application in Society.
Prepared by: R.E.U

END of Prelim Period Learning Module

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