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A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
Computer Science and Engineering
By
Chiraag Mittal(18111)
SCHOOL OF COMPUTING
DECEMBER 2021
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BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project titled Zone is a bonafide record of the work done by
Chiraag Mittal(18111)
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Computer Science and Engineering of the INDIAN INSTITUTE OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNA, HIMACHAL PRADESH, during the year 2018 -
2022.
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School of Computing, IIITU[CSL702]: 18111
ORIGINALITY / NO PLAGIARISM DECLARATION
We certify that this project report is our original report and no part of it is copied from any
published reports, papers, books, articles, etc. We certify that all the contents in this report
are based on our personal findings and research and we have cited all the relevant sources
which have been required in the preparation of this project report, whether they be books,
articles, reports, lecture notes, and any other kind of document. We also certify that this
report has not previously been submitted partially or as whole for the award of degree in
any other university in India and/or abroad.
We hereby declare that we are fully aware of what constitutes plagiarism and understand
that if it is found at a later stage to contain any instance of plagiarism, our degrees may be
cancelled.
Chiraag Mittal(18111)
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ABSTRACT
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank the following people for their support and guidance without whom the
completion of this project in fruition would not be possible.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude and heartfelt thanks to Dr. Avantika Singh for
their unflinching support and guidance, valuable suggestions and expert advice. Their
words of wisdom and expertise in subject matter were of immense help throughout the
duration of this project.
I also take the opportunity to thank our Director and all the faculty of School of Computing,
IIIT Una for helping us by providing necessary knowledge base and resources.
I would also like to thank my parents and friends for their constant support.
Chiraag Mittal(18111)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Background 2
2 Preliminary Study 3
2.1 Introduction 3
2.2 Working 3
2.3 Layers 4
3 Methodology 5
3.1 Introduction 5
4 Experimnetation Results 9
4.4 Heatmap 10
5 Conclusion 11
6 References 12
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Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) survey, 1.3 million people worldwide
die in traffic accidents each year, making them the eighth leading cause of death and an
additional 20-50 million are injured/ disabled.
As per the report of the National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB), Govt. of India, Indian
roads account for the highest fatalities in the world. There has been a continuous increase in
road crash deaths in India since 2006. The report also states that the total number of deaths
has risen to 1.46 lakhs in 2015 and driver error is the most common cause behind these
traffic accidents.
1.1.3 Dependencies
Pandas – It is a fast, powerful, flexible and easy to use open source data analysis and
manipulation tool built on top of the python programming language.
Keras - It is an open-source software library that provides a Python interface for artificial
neural networks. It acts as an interface for the TensorFlow library.
Matplotlib - It is a plotting library for the Python programming language and its numerical
mathematics extension NumPy. It provides an object-oriented API for embedding plots into
applications using general-purpose GUI toolkits like Tkinter, wxPython, Qt, or GTK.
1.2 Background
The main aim of this project is to build an Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to
prevent accidents by offering technologies that alert the driver to potential problems and to
keep the car’s driver and occupants safe if an accident does occur.
The focus is on detecting manual distractions where the driver is engaged in other activities
than safe driving and also identify the cause of distraction.
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Chapter 2
Preliminary Study
Convolutional Neural Networks, like neural networks, are made up of neurons with
learnable weights and biases. Each neuron receives several inputs, takes a weighted sum
over them, pass it through an activation function and responds with an output.
The whole network has a loss function and all the tips and tricks that we developed for
neural networks still apply on Convolutional Neural Networks.
1. Convolution,
2. ReLu,
3. Pooling and
4. Full Connectedness (Fully Connected Layer).
2.3 Layers -
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Convolution Of An Image :
Convolution has the nice property of being translational invariant. Intuitively, this means
that each convolution filter represents a feature of interest (e.g pixels in letters) and the
Convolutional Neural Network algorithm learns which features comprise the resulting
reference (i.e. alphabet).
ReLU Layer :
ReLU is an activation function.
Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) transform function only activates a node if the input is above
a certain quantity, while the input is below zero, the output is zero, but when the input rises
above a certain threshold, it has a linear relationship with the dependent variable.
Pooling Layer
In this layer we shrink the image stack into a smaller size. Pooling is done after passing
through the activation layer. We do this by implementing the following 4 steps:
Pick a window size (usually 2 or 3)
Pick a stride (usually 2)
Walk your window across your filtered images
From each window, take the maximum value
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Chapter 3
Methodology
3.1 Introduction
This chapter provides a walkthrough of the coding practices and various implementations
used across the code to optimize the performance.
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3.4 Analysing the Data
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3.5 Defining the Model
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Chapter 4
Experimentation Results
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3.3 Training Accuracy
3.4 Heatmap
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Conclusion
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References
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