i Lab 3.1.9¢ Straight-Through Cable Construction Objective + Build a Catagory § or Category Se Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet network patch cable ‘or patch cord, + Test the cable for continuity and correct pinouts, the correct color of wire on the right pin Background The cable constructed will be a fourepair, eightewire, straight-through cable, which means that the color of wire on Pin 1 on one end of the cable will be the same as that of Pin 1 on the other end, Pin 2will be the same as Pin 2, and so on. The cable will be wired to either TIA/EIA T568B or TS88A, Standards for 10BASE-T Ethernet, which determines what color wire is on each pin. T568B, also called AT&T specifiation, is more common in the U.S., but many installations are also wired to TS6BA, also called ISDN. Prior to starting the lab, the teacher or ab assistant should have a spool of Category § Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable, RU-45 (6-pin) connectors, an RU-45 crimping tool and an Ethernet / Ru-45 continuity tester available, Work individually or in teams. The following resources will be required: + One 0.6 to 9m (210 3 ft) length of Category 5 cabling per person or team + Four RU-45 connectors, two are extra for spares + RU-45 crimping tools to attach the RJ-45 connectors to the cable ends + Ethernet cabling continuity tester which can test straight-through or erossover type cables, ‘TS8BA or TS68B. © Wire cutters: (CCNA I: Networking Bases w3.1-Lab 3.1.06 ‘Copyright ©2003, Cieeo Sytem, ne.Cabling Pin-out Information for T5688 Pin# | Pair# | Function | Wire Color Used with Used with AOM00BASE-T | 100BASE-T4 and Ethernet? ‘1000BASE-T Ethernet? 7 2 Transmit | WhitejOrange | Yes Yes 2 2 Transmit | Orange Yes, Yes. 3 3 Receive | White/Green Yes Yes 4 1 Not used | Blue No Yes 5 1 Not used | White/Blue No Yes 6 3 Receive | Green Yes Yes. 7 4 Not used | White/Brown No Yes = 4 Not used | Brown No Yes Diagram showing both TS68A and TS68B cabling wire colors Pair? Pair 3 AK TANT Pair 3(Paie} a 12345678 LL T568A 15688 Use the preceding table and diagram to create a T568B patch panel cable. Both cable ends should bbe wired the same ven looking at the conductors. Step 1 Determine the distance between devices or device and plug. Add at least 30.48 em (12 in.) to the distance. The maximum length for this cable, according to TIWVEIA structured wiring standards is 5 m (16.4 ft, although this can vary, Standard lengths are 1.83 m (6ft) and 3.05 m (10 ft) Step 2 Cut a piece of stranded Category UTP cable to the desired length. Use stranded cable for patch cables because it is more durable wen bent repeatedly. Solid wire is used for cable runs that are punched down into jacks. Step 3 Strip §.08 em (2 in. of jacket off of one end of the cable. Step 4 Hold the four pairs of twisted cables tightly where jacket was cut away. Reorganize the cable pairs Into the order of the T5688 wiring standard. Take care to maintain as much of the twists as possible since this provides noise cancellation. 2-3 CONAT Networking Basies v31-Lab 3.186 ‘Copyght © 2003, Cisco Systems, neStep 5 Hold the jacket and cable in one hand and untwist a short length of the green and biue pairs. Reorder the pairs to reflect the T5688 wiring color scheme. Untwist and order the rest of the wire pairs according to the color scheme. Stop 6 Flatten, straighten, and line up the wires. Trim them in a straight line to within 1.25 to 1.9 om (1/2 to % in.) from the edge of the jacket. Be sure not to let go of the jacket and the wires, which are now in the proper order. Minimize the length of untwisted wires because sections that are too long and near ‘connectors are a primary source of electrical noise. Stop 7 Place an RJ-85 plug on the end of the cable, with the prong on the underside and the orange pair to the left side of the connector. Step 8 Gently push the plug onto wires until the copper ends of the wires can be seen through the end of the plug. Make sure the end of the jacket is inside the plug. This provides for stress relief and to ensure that all wires are in the correct order. Ifthe jacket is not inside the plug, the plug will not be properly gripped and will eventually cause problems. If everything is correct, crimp the plug hard tenough to force the contacts through the insulation on the wires, completing the conducting path, Stop 9 Repeat Steps 3 through 8 to terminate the other end of the cable, Use the same scheme to finish the straight through cable. Step 10 Test the finished cable. Have the instructor check the finished cable. How is it possible to tell the cable is functioning properly? 3-3 CCNA T- Networking Basis v3.1-Lab 3.19 ‘Copyrant © 2008 Cisco Systams, IneLab 3.1.9e Crossover Cable Construction Objective Build a Category 5 or Category Se Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet crossover cable to ‘T5888 and TS68A standards. © Test the cable for continuity and correct pin-outs, correct wire on the right pin. Background Step 1 ‘This will be a 4-pair crossover" cable, A crossover cable means that the second and third pairs on cone end of the cable will be reversed on the other end. The pin-outs will be T568A on one end and. T5688 on the other end. All 8 conductors (wtes) should be terminated with Ru-45 modular connectors, This crossover cable will conform to the structured cabling standards. Ifthe crossover cable is used between hubs or switches, itis considered to be part of the “vertical” cabling. Vertical cabling is also called backbone cabling. A crossover cable can be used as a backbone cable to connect two or ‘more hubs or switches in a LAN, or to connect two isolated workstations to create a mini-LAN. This ‘nil allow the connection of two workstations or a server and a workstation without the need for a hub between them. This can be very heleful for training and testing. To connect more than two ‘workstations, a hub or a switch will be needed, Prior to starting the lab, the teacher or lab assistant should have a spool of Category 5 or Category 5e UTP cable, R.J-45 (8-pin) connectors, 2 RJ-45 crimping tool and an Ethernet / RJ-45 continuity tester avaliable. Work individually or in teams. The following resources will be required: = One 0.6 to.9 m (2 to 3 ft) lenath of Category § cabling per person or team + Four RJ-45 connectors, two are extra for spares ‘+ RU-45 crimping tools to attach the RJ-45 connectors to the cable ends Ethernet cabling continuity tester which can test crossover type cables, TS68A to TS68B © Wire cutters Create a crossover cable using the following tables and diagrams. One end of the cable should be: ‘wired to the TS88A standard, The other end should be wired to the TS68B standard. This crosses the ‘transmit pairs and the receive pais, the Second and third pair, to allow communication to take place. Only four wires are used with 10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX Ethernet. 1 7 CCONA 1: Networking Basics v2.1-Lab 3.1.96 (Copyright © 2008, Cisco Systems, nc.‘TS68A Cabling Pin# | Pair# | Function | Wire Color Used wit Used with 10/100BASE-T | 100BASE-T4 and Ethernet? 1000BASE-T Ethernet? 1 3 | Transmit | White/Green Yes Yes 2 3 | Transmit Green Yes Yes 3 2 | Receive | white/Orange Yes Yes 4 1 | Notused Blue No Yes 5 1 | Notused | White/Blue No Yes 6 2 | Receive Orange Yes Yes 7 4 | Notused | white/Brown No Yes 8 4 | Notused Brown No Yes 75688 Cabling Pin# | Pair# | Function | Wire Color Used with Used with 10/100BASE-T | 100BASE-T4 and Ethernet? 1000BASE-T Ethernet? 1 2 | Transmit | White/Orange Yes Yes 2 2 | Transmit Orange Yes Yes 3 3 | Receive | WhiteiGreen Yes Yes 4 1 | Notused Blue No Yes 5 1 | Notused | — White/Blue No Yes 6 3 | Receive Green Yes Yes 7 4 | Notused | White/Brown No Yes 8 4 | Notused Brown No Yes Stop 2 Determine the distance between devices, or device and plug, and then add at least 20.48 em (12 in.) tot. Standard lengths for this cable are 1.83 m (6 ft) and 3.05 m (10 ft). 2-4 CONAT. Networking Basies V3.1-Lab 3.1.90 ‘Copynght © 2003, Coo Systems, ne.2 of stranded UTP cable to the desired length. Use stranded cable for crossover cables because itis more durable when bent repeatedly. Solid wire is fine for cable runs that are punched down into jacks. Step 4 ‘Strip 5.08 cm (2in.) of jacket off one end of the cable. Diagram showing both T568A and T5688 cabling wire colors Pair? Pair 3 Pair 3(Pair}) Pair 4 rn Pairs 12345678 12345678 TS68A 15688 Step 5 Hold the four pairs of twisted cables tightly where the jacket was cut away. Reorganize the cable pairs into the order of the TS68B wiring standard. Take care to maintain the twists since this provides noise cancellation. Stop 6 Hold the jacket and cable in one hand. Untwist @ short length of the green and blue pairs, and reorder them to reflect the T568B wiring color scheme. Untwist and order the rest of the wire pairs ‘according to the color scheme. Step 7 Flatten, straighten, and line up the wires. Trim them in a straight line to within 1.25 em to 1.9 em (1/2 to % in) from the edge of the jacket. Be sure not to let go of the jacket and the wires, which are now in order. Minimize the length of untwisted wires because sections that are too long and near connectors are a primary source of electrical noise. Step 8 Place an RU-4S plug, prong down, on the end of the cable with the green pair on the left side of the ‘T5684 end, and the orange pair on the left side of the TSE8B end Step 9 Gently push the plug onto wires until the copper ends of the wires can be seen through the end of, the plug. Make sure the end of the jacket is inside the plug and all wires are in the correct order. If the jacket is not inside the plug, the plug will not be properly gripped and will eventually cause problems. If everything is correct, crimp the plug hard enough to force the contacts through the insulation on the wires, thus completing the conducting path 3-4 GONA: Networking Bosis v3.1-Lab 3.1.96 [Copyrant © 2008, Cisco Systems, Ine.Step 10 Repeat steps 4-8 to terminate the other end of the cable using the TS6BA scheme to finish the crossover cable. Step 11 ‘Test the finished cable. Have the instructor check it. How is it possible to tel if the cable is functioning properly? 4-4 CONAT: Networking Bases v3.1-Lab 3.198 ‘Copymant © 2003, Ch System neLab 5.1.12 Building a Peer-to-Peer Network Straight-through cable Serial cable Rollover (console) Crossover cable es Objective ‘© Create a simple peer-to-peer network between two PCS: Identify the proper cable to connect the two PCs, ‘+ Configure workstation IP address information + Test connectivity using the ping command. Background / Preparation ‘This lab focuses on the abllty to connect two PCs to create a simple peer-to-peer Ethemat LAN between two workstations. The workstations will be directly connected to each other without using a hhub or switch. In addition to the Layer 1 physical and Layer 2 data link connections, the computers. must also be configured with the correct IP network settings, which is Layer 3, so that they can communicate. A basic Category 5/Se UTP crossover cable is all that is needed. A crossover cable is, the same type that would be used as backbone or vertical cabling to connect switches together. Connecting the PCs in this manner can be very useful for transferring files at high speed and for {troubleshooting interconnecting devices between PCs. If the two PCs can be connected with a single cable and are able to communicate, then any networking problems are not with the PCs themselves. Start this lab with the equipment tumed off and with cabling disconnected. Work in teams of two with fone persen per PC. The following resources will be required: + Two workstations with an Ethemet 10/100 NIC installed + Several Ethemet cables, which are both straight-through and crossover, to choose from for connecting the two workstations Step 1 Identify the proper Ethernet cable and connect the two PCs a. The connection between the two PCs will be accomplished using a Category § or Se crossover cable. Locate a cable that is long enough to reach from one PC to the other, and attach one end 1-4 CONA t Networking Basics v3.1-Lab 5.1.12 Copyright ©2008, Cisco Systems, neto the NIC in each of the PCs. Be sure to examine the cable ends carefully and select only a crossover cable. b. What kind of cable is required to connect from NIC to NIC? ¢. What is the category rating of the cable? 1d. What is the AWG wire size designation of the cable? Step 2 Verify the physical connection ‘2. Plug in and turn on the computers. To verify the computer connections, insure that the link lights ‘on both NICs are it. Are both link lights It? Step 3 Access the IP settings window Note: Be sure to write down the existing IP settings, so that they can be restored at the end of the lab. These include IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers. Ifthe workstation is a DHCP client, itis not necessary to record this information. Windows 95 / 98 / Me/ users should do the following: '* Glick on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then click the Network icon. ‘* Select the TCPIIP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC in this PC and click on Properties. ‘+ Click on the IP Address tab and the Gateway tab, Windows NT/ 2000 users should do the following: ‘+ Click on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then open the Network and Dialup Connections folder. ‘+ Click ad open the Local Area Connection icon. ‘+ Select the TCPIIP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC in this PC. ‘+ Click on Properties and click on Use the following IP address. Windows XP users should do the following: ‘+ Click on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then click the Network Connection icon ‘+ Select the Local Area Network Connection and click on Change settings of this connection. ‘+ Select the TCPIIP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC inthis PC. ‘+ Click on Properties and click on Use the following IP address ‘See the example below 2-4 CCNA Networking Bases v3.1-Lab 5.1.12 Copyright ©2008, Cceo Systeme, ineStep 4 Configure TCP/IP settings for the two PCs ‘a. Set the IP address information for each PC according to the information in the table. Note that the default gateway IP address is not required, since these computers are directly ‘connected, The default gateway is only required on local area networks that are connected to a router. ‘Computer IP Address ‘Subnet mask Default Gateway PO-A 192,168.1.1 255.256.255.0 Not Required Pc-8 192,188.1.2 255.288.2550 Not Required ‘Step 5 Access the Command or MS-DOS prompt a. Use the Start menu to open the Command Prompt (MS-DOS-ike) window: Windows 95 / 98 / Me users should do the following: Start > Programs > MS-DOS Prompt Windows NT / 2000 users should do the following: Start > Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt Windows XP users should do the following: Start > Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt 3-4 CCNA: Networking Bases v3.1-Lab 51.12 ‘Copynght € 2008, Cisco Systems, In.Step 6 Verify that the PCs can communicate ‘a. Test connectivity from one PC to the other by pinging the IP address of the opposite computer. Use the following command at the command prompt. Croping 192.268.2.1 (or 192.168.1.2) b. Look for results similar to those shown below. If not, check the PC connections and TCP/IP settings for both PCs. What was the ping result? Ic:\Docunents and Settings\Ouner>ping 192.168-1.1 Ore C Ee eRe eC reread etry Se 1508 cet) r i Cee re Cases ppproxinate ro Reetresetyerrneeetent? Prevod Chae eer re aoa oe ic:\Docunents and Settings\Ouner: Step 7 Confirm the TCP/IP network settings Windows 96 / 98 / Me users should do the following a. Type the winipesg command from the MS-DOS Prompt. Record the results: Windows NT / 2000 XP users should do the following: b. Type the ipconfig command from the Command Prompt. Record the results: Step 8 Restore the PCs to their original IP settings, disconnect the equi cables jent, and store the 4-4 CONAT: Networking Basies v3.1-La0 5.1.12 ‘Conyrght € 2008, 0 Systems, nesrorcur ee, Lab 5.1.13a Building a Hub-based Network Straightthrough cable Serial cable = Rollover (console) Crossover cable oooasess Objective + Create a simple network with two PCs using a hub ‘Identify the proper cable to connect the PCs to the hub + Configure workstation IP address information + Test connectivity using the ping command Background | Preparation ‘This lab focuses on the abilty to connect two PCs to create a simple hub-based Ethernet LAN using ‘hwo workstations. A hub is a networking concentration device sometimes referred to as a multiport repeater. Hubs are inexpensive and easy to install, but they permit collisions to occur. They are ‘appropriate for a small LAN with light traffic. In addition to the physical and data link connections, which are Layers 1 and 2, the computers must also be configured with the correct IP network settings, which is Layer 3, so that they can ‘communicate, Since this lab uses a hub, a basic Category 5/5e UTP straight-through cable is needed to connect each PC to the hub. This is referred to as a patch cable or horizontal cabling, ‘which is used to connect workstations and a typical LAN. Start this lab with the equipment turned off, and with cabling disconnected. Work in teams of two with one person per PC. The following resources will be required: © Two workstations with an Ethernet 10/100 NIC installed + Ethernet 10BaseT or Fast Ethernet hub 1-4 CONA Networking Basies v3.1-Lab 5:1. 19a Copyright ® 200, Coo Systeme, ne+ Several Ethernet cables, which are straight-through and crossover, to choose from for ‘connecting the two workstations Step 1 Identify the proper Ethernet cable and connect the two PCs to the hub 1a. The connection between the two PCs and the hub will be accomplished using a Category 5 or Se straight-through patch cable, Locate two cables that are long enough to reach from each PC to the hub. Attach one end to the NIC and the other end to a porton the hub. Be sure to examine the cable ends carefully and select only a straight-through cable. b. What kind of eable is required to connect from NIC to hub? ©. Whats the category rating of the cable? d. What is the AWG wire size designation of the cable? Step 2 Verify the physical connection ‘a. Plug in and turn on the computers. To verity the computer connections, insure that the link lights, fon the both PC NICs and the hub interfaces are lit. Are all ink ights lit? Step 3 Access the IP settings window Note: Be sure to write down the existing IP settings, so that they can be restored at the end of the lab. These include IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS servers. If the ‘workstation is a DHCP client, itis not necessary to record this information. Windows 95/08/Me users should do the following: + Click on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then click the Network icon. + Select the TCPIIP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC in this PC and click on Properties. + Click on the IP Address tab and the Gateway tab. Windows NT/2000 users should do the following: + Click on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then open the Network and Dial-up ‘Connections folder. + Click and open the Local Area Connection icon. + Select the TCP/IP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC in this PC. ‘+ Click on Properties and click on Use the following IP address. Windows XP users should do the followin: + Click on Start > Settings > Control Panel and then click the Network Connection icon. ‘+ Select the Local Area Network Connection and click on Change settings of this connection. + Select the TCPIIP protocol icon that is associated with the NIC in this PC. + Click on Properties and click on Use the following IP address 2-4 CONT. Networking Basies v3.1-Lab 5.1138 ‘Copynight © 2002, Cis Systems, te‘See the example below: ee | erie ial Lo ae | | ‘Step 4 Configure TCPIIP settings for the two PCs ‘a, Set the IP address information for each PC according to the information in the table. , Note thatthe default gateway IP address is not required, since these computers are directly connected. The default gateway is only required on local area networks that are connected to a router. ‘Computer IP Address Subnet mask Default Gateway PC-A 192.108.1.4 255.255.255.0 Not Required Po-8 192.408.1.2 255.255.255.0 Not Required Step 5 Access the Command or MS-DOS prompt ‘2, Use the Start menu to open the Command Prompt (MS-DOS-lke) window: Windows 25/88/Me users should do the following: Start > Programs > MS-DOS Prompt ‘Windows NT/2000 users should do the following: 3-4 CCNA: Networking Basics v3.1 Lab 61.130 ‘Copyignt © 2003, ciseo Systoms, neStart > Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt Windows XP users should do the following: Start > Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt Step 6 Ver 1a. Test connectivity from one PC to the other through the hub by pinging the IP address of the opposite computer. Use the following command at the command prompt. ping 192.168.1.1 (or 192.158.1.2) b. Look for resuits similar to those shown below. If not, check the PC connections and TCP/IP settings for both PCs. What was the ping result? that the PCs can communicate is ea EL Sees CCN eer SCLC EES See RC ee tent 192.468.1.4: bytes=32 tineCins TIL-150 Leet eee Tiseee MeMec Peet) Fr) rire merreceengaetT] cc T4: bytes-32 tinecins TTL-158 Ueets eee cee ee ts el eae: ee Me estes Mee rs STUNT m ots treet MCrees Cie Seam hee eee ei See Ceres ores Step 7 Confirm the TCP/IP network settings wi LM Should do the following: 1a, Type the winipefg command from the MS-DOS Prompt. Record the results. Windows NT /2000 / XP users shoul following b. Type the ipconsig command from the Command Prompt. Record the results Step 8 Restore the PCs to their original IP settings, disconnect the equipment, and store the cables 4-4 CCNA Networking Basics v3.1~-Lab .1.130 Copyright © 2003, Ciseo Systems, ne