1. Assume H0: μ = 9 and Ha: μ < 9. Is this a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?

2. Assume H0: μ ≤ 6 and Ha: μ > 6. Is this a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
3. Assume H0: p = 0.25 and Ha: p ≠ 0.25. Is this a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
4. A swimmer established a mean time of 16.43 seconds for swimming with a standard
deviation of 0.8 seconds. His coach thought that he could swim faster using goggles. Coach
bought him a new pair of expensive goggles and timed swimmer for 15 swims of same type.
For the 15 swims, his mean time was 16 seconds. Coach thought that the goggles helped him
swim faster than the 16.43 seconds. Is the coach right?
5. The mean throwing distance of a football for a player is 40 feet (standard deviation of two
yards). The coach tells him to adjust his grip to get more distance. The coach records the
distances for 20 throws. For the 20 throws, his mean distance was 45 feet. The coach
thought the different grip helped Marco throw farther than 40 feet. Conduct a hypothesis
test using a preset α = 0.05. Assume the throw distances for footballs are normal. First,
determine what type of test this is, set up the hypothesis test, find the p-value, sketch the
graph, and state your conclusion.
6. Rani begun her new job as on the sales force of a company. In a sample of 16 sales calls it
was found that she closed the contract for an average value of Rs 108 with a standard
deviation of Rs 12. Test at 5% significance that the population mean is at least Rs 100 against
the alternative that it is less than Rs 100. Company policy requires that new members of the
sales force must exceed an average of Rs 100 per sale during the trial employment period.
Can we conclude that Jane has met this requirement at the significance level of 95%?
7. It is believed that a stock price for a particular company will grow at a rate of $5 per week
with a standard deviation of $1. An investor believes the stock won’t grow as quickly. The
changes in stock price is recorded for ten weeks and are as follows: $4, $3, $2, $3, $1, $7, $2,
$1, $1, $2. Perform a hypothesis test using a 5% level of significance. State the null and
alternative hypotheses, state your conclusion, and identify the Type I errors.
8. A teacher believes that 85% of students in the class will want to go on a field trip to the local
zoo. She performs a hypothesis test to determine if the percentage is the same or different
from 85%. The teacher samples 50 students and 39 reply that they would want to go to the
zoo. For the hypothesis test, use a 1% level of significance.
9. Suppose a consumer group suspects that the proportion of households that have three or
more cell phones is 30%. A cell phone company has reason to believe that the proportion is
not 30%. Before they start a big advertising campaign, they conduct a hypothesis test. Their
marketing people survey 150 households with the result that 43 of the households have
three or more cell phones.
10. The National Institute of Standards and Technology provides exact data on conductivity
properties of materials. Following are conductivity measurements for 11 randomly selected
pieces of a particular type of glass. 1.11; 1.07; 1.11; 1.07; 1.12; 1.08; .98; .98 1.02; .95; .95 Is
there convincing evidence that the average conductivity of this type of glass is greater than
one?
11. In a study of 420,019 cell phone users, 172 of the subjects developed brain cancer. Test the
claim that cell phone users developed brain cancer at a greater rate than that for non-cell
phone users (the rate of brain cancer for non-cell phone users is 0.0340%). Since this is a
critical issue, use a 0.005 significance level. Explain why the significance level should be so
low in terms of a Type I error.
12. The Kona Iki Corporation produces coconut milk. They take coconuts and extract the milk
inside by drilling a hole and pouring the milk into a vat for processing. They have both a day
shift (called the B shift) and a night shift (called the G shift) to do this part of the process.
 They would like to know if the day shift and the night shift are equally efficient in processing
the coconuts. A study is done sampling 9 shifts of the G shift and 16 shifts of the B shift. The
results of the number of hours required to process 100 pounds of coconuts is presented in
following Table:
Shift Sample Size Average Number of Hours to Process 100 Pounds of Coconuts Sample Standard Deviation

G Shift 9 2 0.866
B Shift 16 3.2 1.00

Is there a difference in the mean amount of time for each shift to process 100 pounds of
coconuts? Test at the 5% level of significance.
13. A study is done to determine if Company A retains its workers longer than Company B. It is
believed that Company A has a higher retention than Company B. The study finds that in a
sample of 11 workers at Company A their average time with the company is four years with
a standard deviation of
14. 1.5 years. A sample of 9 workers at Company B finds that the average time with the
company was 3.5 years with a standard deviation of 1 year. Test this proposition at the 1%
level of significance.
a. Is this a test of two means or two proportions?
b. Are the populations standard deviations known or unknown?
c. Which distribution do you use to perform the test?
d. What is the random variable?
e. What are the null and alternate hypotheses?
f. Is this test right-, left-, or two-tailed?
g. What is the value of the test statistic?
h. Can you accept/reject the null hypothesis?
15. An interesting research question is the effect, if any, that different types of teaching formats
have on the grade outcomes of students. To investigate this issue one sample of students'
grades was taken from a hybrid class and another sample taken from a standard lecture
format class. Both classes were for the same subject. The mean course grade in percent for
the 35 hybrid students is 74 with a standard deviation of 16. The mean grades of the 40
students form the standard lecture class was 76 percent with a standard deviation of 9. Test
at 5% to see if there is any significant difference in the population mean grades between
standard lecture course and hybrid class.
16. A drug trial is attempted using a real drug and a pill made of just sugar. 18 people are given
the real drug in hopes of increasing the production of endorphins. The increase in endorphins
is found to be on average 8 micrograms per person, and the sample standard deviation is 5.4
micrograms. 11 people are given the sugar pill, and their average endorphin increase is 4
micrograms with a standard deviation of 2.4. From previous research on endorphins it is
determined that it can be assumed that the variances within the two samples can be assumed
to be the same. Test at 5% to see if the population mean for the real drug had a significantly
greater impact on the endorphins than the population mean with the sugar pill.
17. With individual lines at its various windows, a post office finds that the standard deviation for
waiting times for customers on Friday afternoon is 7.2 minutes. The post office experiments
with a single, main waiting line and finds that for a random sample of 25 customers, the
waiting times for customers have a standard deviation of 3.5 minutes on a Friday afternoon.
With a significance level of 5%, test the claim that a single line causes lower variation among
waiting times for customers.
18. Professor Hadley has a weakness for cream filled donuts, but he believes that some bakeries
are not properly filling the donuts. A sample of 24 donuts reveals a mean amount of filling
equal to 0.04 cups, and the sample standard deviation is 0.11 cups. Professor Hadley has an
interest in the average quantity of filling, of course, but he is particularly distressed if one
 donut is radically different from another. Professor Hadley does not like surprises. Test at 95%
the null hypothesis that the population variance of donut filling is significantly different from
the average amount of filling.
19. The FCC conducts broadband speed tests to measure how much data per second passes
between a consumer’s computer and the internet. As of August of 2012, the standard
deviation of Internet speeds across Internet Service Providers (ISPs) was 12.2 percent.
Suppose a sample of 15 ISPs is taken, and the standard deviation is 13.2.
20. An analyst claims that the standard deviation of speeds is more than what was reported. State
the null and alternative hypotheses, compute the degrees of freedom, the test statistic, sketch
the graph of the distribution and mark the area associated with the level of confidence, and
draw a conclusion. Test at the 1% significance level.
21. Absenteeism of college students from math classes is a major concern to math instructors
because missing class appears to increase the drop rate. Suppose that a study was done to
determine if the actual student absenteeism rate follows faculty perception. The faculty
expected that a group of 100 students would miss class and they also record the actual
number of students by doing a random survey, according to the following Table.

Number of absences per term Expected number of students Actual number of students
0–2 50 35
3–5 30 40
6–8 12 20
9–11 6 1
12+ 2 4

a. Determine the null and alternative hypotheses needed to conduct a goodness-of-fit

test.
b. Can you use the information as it appears in the charts to conduct the goodness-of-
fit test?
c. What is the number of degrees of freedom (df)?
22. Employers want to know which days of the week employees are absent in a five-day work
week. Most employers would like to believe that employees are absent equally during the
week. Suppose a random sample of 60 managers were asked on which day of the week they
had the highest number of employee absences. The results were distributed as in the
following table. For the population of employees, do the days for the highest number of
absences occur with equal frequencies during a five-day work week? Test at a 5% significance
level.
Day of the Week Employees were Most Absent
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Number of Absences 15 12 9 9 15