TYPES OF ACADEMIC TEXT:

1. Descriptive
2. Persuasive
3. Critical
4. Analytical

ACADEMIC TEXT STRUCTURE:

1. Introduction
2. Body
3. Conclusion

TYPES OF PATTERNS IN DEVELOPMENT WRITING:

1. Narration
- Focused on telling a story or unfolding of event.
- Events organized in chronological order.
- Used heavily in literature.
- USES:
1. Specific dates (Feb 24)
2. Signal words (First, Second, Third)
3. Terms which denote duration (before, after)
2. Description
- Authors gives characterization of a concept in a paragraph essay.
- One MUST make use of adjectives or adverbs so the readers can picture out.
3. Exemplification
- Focuses on providing examples on a particular concept/topic.
- USES:
1. To prove an idea/topic exist.
2. Humanize even the abstract concept.
4. Definition
- Associated with the dictionary.
- Meaning of a word.
- TYPES:
1. Informal – a brief explanation of the concept.
2. Formal – more complex as they required three components.
 • Components: Term to be defined, Category where the term belongs,
Unique Characteristics.
3. Extended – combination of formal and informal definitions. Also called
“definition paragraph.”
• Components: Topic Sentence, Supporting Sentences, Other text
development (classification and exemplification)
5. Classification
- Means of breaking down a concept into groups or classes.
- Used when the topic contains component groups under it.
- USE: Help readers to compartmentalize his/her attention among the different
components.
6. Comparison and Contrast
- Determines the similarities and the differences of two or more concepts/ideas.
- USE: to know the difference and similarities.
- Compare – similarities.
- Contrast – differences.
7. Cause and Effect
- Talks about sequence of events.
- Tells why something happens and what happens after.
- TALKS ABOUT:
1. To present a cause for why an event is currently happening,
2. And the possible effects of a current event or both.
8. Problem Solution
- Keen on providing the following;
1. Identification of a problem.
2. Proposal of actions that will help resolve the problem.
- To begin writing this problem must be identified and must be valid.