REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF

ES
RANGE2 LO RES L HIGH RES L

Red Blood C e i a Kno n as anemia Kno n as pol c themia

Cell Count U i Acute or chronic bleeding Deh dration
(RBC) RBC destruction Lung (pulmonar ) disease
Men: 4.5-5.9
(e.g., hemol tic anemia, etc.) Kidne or other tumor that
106/microliter
Nutritional deficienc (e.g., produces e cess

Women: 4.1-5.1 iron deficienc , itamin B12 er thropoietin

106 microliter or folate deficienc ) Smoking

Bone marro disorders or Li ing at high altitude
SI U i damage Genetic causes (altered
Chronic inflammator o gen sensing, abnormalit
Men: 4.5-5.9
disease in hemoglobin o gen
1012/L
Chronic kidne disease release)
Women: 4.1-5.1 Pol c themia era a rare
1012/L disease

C e i a
U i

Men: 14-17.5
g/dL

Hemoglobin Women: 12.3-

Usuall mirrors RBC results,
15.3 g/dL Usuall mirrors RBC results
(Hb) pro ides added information
SI U i

Men: 140-175 g/L

Women: 123-153
g/L
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF
ES
RANGE2 LO RES L HIGH RES L

C e i a
U i

Men: 41.5-50.4%

Women: 35.9-
44.6%
Hematocrit Usuall mirrors RBC results;
SI U i Usuall mirrors RBC results most common cause is
(Hct)
deh dration
Men: 0.415-0.504
olume fraction

Women: 0.359-
0.446 olume
fraction

RBC

C e i a
U i Indicates RBCs are larger than
Indicates RBCs are smaller
normal (macroc tic), for e ample
80-96 than normal (microc tic);
in anemia caused b itamin B12
MCV micrometer3 caused b iron deficienc
or folate deficienc ,
anemia or thalassemias, for
SI U i m elod splasia, li er
e ample.
disease, h poth roidism, etc.
80-96 fL

C e i a
U i

Mirrors MCV results; macroc tic

27.5-33.2 pg Mirrors MCV results; small red
MCH RBCs are large so tend to ha e a
cells ould ha e a lo er alue.
SI U i higher MCH.

27.5-33.2 pg
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF
ES
RANGE2 LO RES L HIGH RES L

Increased MCHC alues

C e i a (h perchromia) are seen in
U i Ma be lo hen MCV is lo ;
conditions here the hemoglobin
decreased MCHC alues
is more concentrated inside the
33.4-35.5 g/dL (h pochromia) are seen in
MCHC red cells, such as autoimmune
conditions such as iron
SI U i hemol tic anemia, in burn
deficienc anemia and
patients, and hereditar
334-355 g/L thalassemia.
spheroc tosis, a rare congenital
disorder.

Indicates mi ed population of
RBC
small and large RBCs; oung
Distribution
RBCs tend to be larger. For
Width
e ample, in iron deficienc
(RDW,
Indicates that RBC are uniform anemia or pernicious anemia,
RDW-SD,
in si e. there is high ariation
RDW-CV)
(anisoc tosis) in RBC si e (along
Not al a s ith ariation in shape
reported poikiloc tosis), causing an
increase in the RDW.

C e i a
U i

0.5-1.5% or In the setting of anemia, a lo In the setting of anemia, a high

Reticuloc te 25-125 reticuloc te count indicates a reticuloc te count generall
Count 103/microliter condition is affecting the indicates peripheral cause, such
production of red blood cells, as bleeding or hemol sis, or
Not al a s SI U i
such as bone marro disorder response to treatment (e.g., iron
done
0.005-0.015 or damage, or a nutritional supplementation for iron
number fraction deficienc (iron, B12 or folate). deficienc anemia).
or
25-125 10 /L

1 from Wintrobe's Clinical Hematolog . 14th ed. Greer J, editor. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Klu er: 2019.

2 from Henr 's Clinical Diagnosis and Management b Laborator Methods. 22nd ed. McPherson R, Pincus
M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Else ier Saunders; 2011.

Whi e Bl d Cell (WBC) Te

F de ai ed i f ai each e c e , c ic he a e f he c e g he ecific
a ic e.

To see an e ample of a CBC lab report, see this sample report.

Note: The reference ranges pro ided here represent a theoretical guideline that should not be used to
interpret our test results. Some ariation is likel bet een these numbers and the reference range reported
b the lab that ran our test. Please consult our doctor. For more information on reference ranges, please
read Reference Ranges and What The Mean.

Reference ranges listed here are for adults older than 18 ears old. The are not a ailable for ouths 0-18
ears old due to ide ariabilit . See the child's lab report for reference ranges.

Con entional Units are t picall used for reporting results in U.S. labs. SI Units are used to report lab results
outside of the U.S.

REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF A

ES
RANGE2 A LO CO N HIGH CO N

White Blood C e i a Kno n as leukopenia Kno n as leukoc tosis

1
Cell Count U i Bone marro disorders or Infection, most commonl
damage bacterial or iral
(WBC) 4,500-11,000 hite
Autoimmune conditions Inflammation
blood cells per
Se ere infections (sepsis) Leukemia, m eloproliferati e
microliter (mcL)
L mphoma or other cancer neoplasms

SI U i 1 that spread to the bone Allergies, asthma

marro Tissue death (trauma, burns,
4.5-11.0 10 per Dietar deficiencies heart attack)
liter (L) Diseases of immune s stem Intense e ercise or se ere
(e.g., HIV/AIDS) stress

White Blood (Not al a s

Cell performed; ma be
Differential done as part of or
in follo up to
(Diff) CBC)
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF A
ES
RANGE2 A LO CO N HIGH CO N

C e i a U i
Kno n as neutropenia
Percent (mean): Se ere, o er helming
56% infection (sepsis)
Kno n as neutrophilia
Autoimmune disorders
Absolute Absolute count (per Acute bacterial infections
Dietar deficiencies
neutrophil microliter): Inflammation
Reaction to drugs
count, % 1800-7800 Trauma, heart attack, or
Immunodeficienc
neutrophils burns
SI U i M elod splasia
Stress, rigorous e ercise
(Neu, PMN, Bone marro damage (e.g.,
Certain leukemias (e.g.,
Mean number chemotherap , radiation
pol s) chronic m eloid leukemia)
fraction: 0.56 therap )
Cushing s ndrome
Cancer that spreads to the
Absolute count X
bone marro
10 per liter:
Congenital neutropenia
1.8-7.8

Kno n as l mphoc tosis

C e i a U i Acute iral infections (e.g.,
chicken po ,
Percent (mean) Kno n as l mphoc topenia c tomegalo irus (CMV),
34% Autoimmune disorders (e.g., Epstein-Barr irus (EBV),
Absolute count (per lupus, rheumatoid arthritis) herpes, rubella)
Absolute
microliter): Infections (e.g., HIV, iral Certain bacterial infections
l mphoc te
1000-4800 hepatitis, t phoid fe er, (e.g., pertussis ( hooping
count, %
l mphoc tes influen a, Co id-19) cough), tuberculosis (TB))
SI U i
Bone marro damage (e.g., To oplasmosis
(L mph) Mean number chemotherap , radiation Chronic inflammator
fraction: 0.34 therap ) disorder (e.g., ulcerati e
Absolute count X Corticosteroids colitis)
10 per liter: L mphoc tic leukemia,
1.0-4.8 l mphoma
Stress (acute)
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF A
ES
RANGE2 A LO CO N HIGH CO N

C e i a U i
Chronic infections (e.g.,
Percent (mean) 4% tuberculosis, fungal infection)
Usuall , one lo count is not
Absolute count (per Infection ithin the heart
medicall significant.
microliter)
Absolute Repeated lo counts can (bacterial endocarditis)
monoc te 0-800 Collagen ascular diseases
indicate:
count, % SI U i (e.g., lupus, scleroderma,
monoc tes Bone marro damage or rheumatoid arthritis,
(Mono) Mean number failure asculitis)
fraction 0.04 Hair cell leukemia Monoc tic or
Absolute count X Aplastic anemia m elomonoc tic leukemia
10 per liter (acute or chronic)
0-0.80

C e i a U i
Asthma, allergies such as
Percent (mean) ha fe er
2.7% Drug reactions
Absolute count (per Parasitic infections
Absolute
microliter) Numbers are normall lo in Inflammator disorders
eosinophil
0-450 the blood. One or an (celiac disease, inflammator
count, %
occasional lo number is bo el disease)
eosinophils SI U i
usuall not medicall Some cancers, certain acute
(Eos) Mean number significant. or chronic leukemias or
fraction 0.027 l mphomas
Absolute count X Addison disease
10 per liter Connecti e tissue disorders
0-0.45
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF E AMPLES OF CA SES OF A
ES
RANGE2 A LO CO N HIGH CO N

C e i a U i

Percent (mean)
0.3%
Absolute count (per Rare allergic reactions
Absolute
microliter) (hi es, food allerg )
basophil
0-200 As ith eosinophils, numbers Inflammation (rheumatoid
count, %
are normall lo in the blood; arthritis, ulcerati e colitis)
basophils SI U i
usuall not medicall significant Some leukemias
(Baso) Mean number Uremia
fraction 0.030
Absolute count X
10 per liter
0-0.20

1
from Wintrobe's Clinical Hematolog . 14th ed. Greer J, editor. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Klu er: 2019.

2 from Henr 's Clinical Diagnosis and Management b Laborator Methods. 22nd ed. McPherson R, Pincus
M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Else ier Saunders; 2011.

Pla ele Te

F de ai ed i f ai each e c e , c ic he a e f he c e g he ecific
a ic e.

To see an e ample of a CBC lab report, see this sample report.

Note: The reference ranges pro ided here represent a theoretical guideline that should not be used to
interpret our test results. Some ariation is likel bet een these numbers and the reference range reported
b the lab that ran our test. Please consult our doctor. For more information on reference ranges, please
read Reference Ranges and What The Mean.

Reference ranges listed here are for adults older than 18 ears old. The are not a ailable for ouths 0-18
ears old due to ide ariabilit . See the child's lab report for reference ranges.

Con entional Units are t picall used for reporting results in U.S. labs. SI Units are used to report lab results
outside of the U.S.

REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF LO E AMPLES OF CA SES OF

ES
RANGE2 RES L HIGH RES L
 REFERENCE E AMPLES OF CA SES OF LO E AMPLES OF CA SES OF
ES
RANGE2 RES L HIGH RES L

Platelet C e i a Kno n as thromboc topenia: Kno n as thromboc tosis:

Count U i Viral infection Cancer (lung,
(mononucleosis, measles, gastrointestinal, breast, o arian,
(Plt) 150-450
hepatitis) l mphoma)
103/microliter
Rock mountain spotted fe er Rheumatoid arthritis,
SI U i Platelet autoantibod inflammator bo el disease,
Drugs (acetaminophen, quinidine, lupus
150-450 sulfa drugs) Iron deficienc anemia
10 /L Cirrhosis Hemol tic anemia
Autoimmune disorders (e.g., ITP) M eloproliferati e disorder
Sepsis (e.g., essential
Leukemia, l mphoma thromboc themia)
M elod splasia
Chemo or radiation therap

Indicates a erage si e of platelets is

MPV Indicates a high number of larger,
small; older platelets are generall
Mean ounger platelets in the blood; this
(Not smaller than oung ones and a lo
Platelet ma be due to the bone marro
al a s MPV ma mean that a condition is
Volume producing and releasing platelets
reported) affecting the production of platelets b
rapidl into circulation.
the bone marro .

PDW
Indicates increased ariation in the
Platelet
(Not Indicates uniformit in si e of si e of the platelets, hich ma
Distribution
al a s platelets. mean that a condition is present
Width
reported) that is affecting platelets.

1
from Wintrobe's Clinical Hematolog . 14th ed. Greer J, editor. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Klu er: 2019.

2 from Henr 's Clinical Diagnosis and Management b Laborator Methods. 22nd ed. McPherson R, Pincus
M, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Else ier Saunders; 2011.

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