Road Map (Flow Chart) of Conversions (Aliphatic compounds)

Nitrites KNO,
P0a NaNO,1ICt (HONO)
-N
R-CH-ONO Partial 1Hydrolysis Amide
RCH,CONH,H
-0,

NIfy
H,COOH - RCH,COðÑH,O RCH.CONH
4[H]LLiAlH
AmineLiAL,_Nitroalkancso AgNO
R-CH-NHa 40RCH,-NG% KCN Cyanide LiAIH 1 aminc NaNO,ICT 1 alcohol
RCH,C=N 44) RCH,CH NH, -N, -1,0 RCH,CH,OH

0HCHO R"-CH-OH 1° Alcohol

NaOR"_ (Gi) M,o
Ether. Tamine
yarolysis HCOOH
RCH0-R (wliamson's RCH,NH,]|
@RCHO
synthesis)
AgCN Isocyanidc
LRCH,NC.
LiAlH,2 amin
4[H]RCH.NHCH
Grignard reagent
RCH,MgXor R'MgX
(1) HO CHOH 2Alcohol

Alkane (where R"=RCH)* RC=0

OH

r
3° Alcohol
RCH-CH-R(Wun
reaction)
(i) H,O

NallAcetoneAlkyl iodide E ) co, COOH Carboxylic acid

()
Alkyl fluoride ction) R-CHl Ho

Si
Vic.diol dy
R-CHF (Swar's
reaction 2 Alcohol ro or PC Ketone
.
Alkyl halide
RCH OHLiAH or HyPd
C=O

Vic. dibromide CHX ACL, Br)|

aslogca
os K,Cr;0,M,S0, or KMn0,/H or OH P0A
Acid anhydride
HO
NHCOONH, EOJ,0".

ey
(Patial oxidation)
g 0FEC(dehydrogenation)Aldehyde
AIkane RedP+H1° Alcohoil E,0JH* C Amide lysisCyanideLiAIH
H,ORCONH,Partinl EydroysisR-C
0a 1° AmineNaNOHCI 1° Alcoho
Alkyne Alkene
R-CH, J 473 K R-CH,OHoUS"K [H]
or oens reagent LKCOOH N [H]R-CHNH 4 tONO)
UIO
NaBH, H/Pd or or LiAIH,
Cone. H,S0 43 K orNao (Hofmann's
fmann'sBr
KOH
Rror
Bromamide
H,OH Alcohol R-CH
OH
(Markovnikov addiion of H,0 CN
Cyanohydrin Acyl chloride
Kolbe's AIK
RCOONa Electrolysis reaction))
oa
RCOC
R-R 1°
R-NH
Amine
B,H,
(HBO-Antimarkovnikov
of l1,0)

Zn-ig/1C
Aldehydeketone (Clemmensen's
() H,0/OH

reduction
addition
Alcohol

Alkane
Ether
URCH),0
nd
R-CH
cOOH
OH
ahlydroxOH
carboxylic acid

ROIUE
Ester Ester Isocyanide
RCOOCHR 0OR,on1* CI RNC
0 NH,NH; (in) KOH/ethylene glycol
Pa
(Wolfi kasfiner reduction)
R OH

CH,CH,
OcoCH,
CH, (Clemmensen
Zn-lHg/HCI

s reduction)
Ethylbenzene 0 CO COOH
CH,COCi (Acetylation)
Pyridine,-HC coo
CHcOCUAICly (1) H
OH alicylic acid
(CHCO)Oi' Acery salicylie
(Acctylation)-CH,COOH
acid (Aspirtn
ACctophenone CH-C-CH,
ag

9 CHyMgl i) H,O X(Wiliamson's synthesis)

(ongnard Te3gcni) 3° Alcohol H
-C,Hs CHO
Alkylaryl
cJLcOCVAIC. S0,H cther

NaOl/fusion Salicylaldechyuc

--
Benzophenone
oleum
S03)
LC, (Sod.Phenoxide) aorNaOH
(F1,SO4* HCI
Sulphonation
CH-CH
IH2S0, CH-0-0-H
ur

Fuming
HPO/AICI H,OH
-ClcocH, (Acetone)
(propcne) RCOOHI C- -R"
CHyctH-Cf, Cumene Cumene hydroperoxide

Zndust/A (RCO)
onc. HPO,+ H,0/A -ZnO
or
HNO,+ -N,-I -

Hr
RCOCUPyridine Ester

Nitr: conc. N,BF4

tration) .-HX
--N
HSO HB4(Fluoroboric
An

NO NH acid)
d) NX
Sn/HCl or NaNO,/HX (X= CI, Br)
FeHCl or 273-278
H/Pd. C>H,OH
*KOHa
reaction)
reictio Benzoquinone
hylam ne
(Gattermmann
neyer's CuCNKCN
CHNH
NC (Carbyla ande
CuHX (Sandmeyer's
CI,Br
CuX/HX (S
IX=
reaction) LiAl
or Na /Ni
Dchzylamin nine

NaOH 623 K, 300 atm HA

CONH2
-Na
(Fitigreaction)
. Soda_
COONa
BryNaOH
(Hofmann-Bromamide
mann Lime/a
/
.
Dipneny Benzamide degradation)
attcm
Etards reaction) HCTT zene NaOH
() Cro, in (CH,CO),0 (1) H,0"
O nhyd
*CGCo,CI,
CoONa
CHO COOH
CH,CI CH,OH
K,Cr0,/H or
Cylhv KMnO Road Map (Flow Chart) of Conversions
or SOCI, Cus75
PCI,
OH COCI (Aromatic compounds)
HCI,
AqKOH
CO duction
und
-H,O
Acyl choride
Zn-HgHCI, 4q)_ (CIemmensenS rcauction)
(i) alk KMnO/KOH (ii) H,O"