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BANSAL CLASSES
MATHEMATICS
TARGET IIT JEE 2007
XI (P, Q, R, S)
TRIGONOMETRIC
EQUATIONS AND INEQUATIONS
Trigonometry Phase-H
CONTENTS
KEYCONCEPTS
EXERCISE-I
EXERCISE-II
EXERCISE-III
ANSWER KEY
KEY CONCEPTS
THINGS TO REMEMBER :
it n
1. If sinG = sina => G = n7t + (~l) n a where a e ,ne I .
2'2
2. If cos0 = cosa => 9 = 2n% ± a where a e [0, Tt], n e I
3. If tanG = tana => G = nTt + a where a e -— — , n e I .
I 2'2J
4. If sin2G = sin 2 a=> G = nTt ± a .
5. cos2G = cos 2 a => G = nTt ± a .
6. tan2G = tan 2 a => 9 = nTt ± a . [Note: a is called the principal angle]
7. TYPES OF TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS :
(a) Solutions of equations by factorising. Consider the equation ;
(2 sinx - cosx) (1 + cosx) = sin2x ; cotx - cosx = 1 - cotx cosx
(b) Solutions of equations reducible to quadratic equations . Consider the equation :
3 cos 2 x- 10 cosx+ 3 = 0 and 2 shfo + -Js sinx + 1 = 0
(c) Solving equations by introducing an Auxilliary argument. Consider the equation :
sinx + cosx = ^[2 ; V3 cosx + sinx = 2 ; secx- 1 =(V2 - l)tanx
(d) Solving equations by Transforming a sum of Trigonometric functions into a product.
Consider the example : cos 3 x + sin 2 x - sin 4 x = 0 ;
sin2x + sin22x + sin23x + sin24x = 2; sinx + sin5x = sin2x + sin4x
(e) Solving equations by transforming a product of trigonometric functions into a sum.
Consider the equation :
sin 6x . . .
sin5x. cos3x= sin6x.cos2x ; 8cosxcos2xcos4x = —: : sin3G = 4sinG sin2G sin4G
sin x
(f) Solving equations by a change of variable :
(i) Equations of the form of a. sinx + b. cosx + d = 0, where a, b & d are real
numbers & a, b ^ 0 can be solved by changing sinx& cos x into their corresponding
tangent of half the angle. Consider the equation 3 cosx + 4 sinx = 5.
(ii) Many equations can be solved by introducing a new variable. eg. the equation
sin4 2x + cos4 2x = sin 2x. cos 2x changes to
Q 3. Find all the values of 0 satisfying the equation ; sin9 + sin59 = sin3 9 such that0< 9 < TC.
Q 4. Solve the inequality: tan2 x - (V3 + l)tan x + V3 < 0
Q 6. Find all value of 9, between 0 & it, which satisfy the equation ; cos 9 . cos2 9 . cos 3 9 = 1/4.
Q 9. If a & p are two distinct roots of the equation, a tan 9 + b sec 9 = c then prove that :
tan(a + P ) = - ^ T .
a - c
Q 10. Find the principal solution of the trigonometric equation
Q 14. Solve : sin5x = cos2x for all values of x between 0°& 180° .
Q 15. Find all values of 9 between 0°& 180° satisfying the equation ;
cos 69 + cos 49 + cos 29 + 1 = 0 .
Q 16. If a & P satisfy the equation, acos29 + bsin29 = c then prove that : cos2 a + cos2 P = d - + 2 dt ' i ^ b .
& 4" b
Q 17. Find all values of 9 lying between 0&2TC satisfying the equations :
r sin9 = & r + 4 sin9 = 2 ( S +1).
Q 20. Solve for x, ( - TC <x < TC) the equation; 2 (cosx + cos2x) + sin2x (1 + 2 cos x) - 2 sin x.
Q 21. Find the range of y such that the equation, y + cos x = sin x has a real solution. For y = 1, find
x such that 0 < x < 2 TC .
Q22. Find the general values of8 for which the quadratic function
' cos6 + sin8 . „
(sin6)x2 + (2cos0)x + — is the square of a linear function.
Q 23. If sin A= sinB & cosA= cosB, find the values of A in terms of B.
EXERCISE-II
V3
Q 1, Solve the equation — sinx - c o s x = cos2x.
Q4, If a & p are the roots ofthe equation, a cos 6 + bsin8 = c then prove that :
2b c c2 — a2
(i) sina + sin P = — (ii) sin a . sin P =
a +b ' a2+b2
Q 10. Solve : cos (TC . 3*) - 2 cos2 (TC . 3X) + 2 cos (4 TC . 3X) - cos (7 TC . 3X)
= sin(7t. 3*) + 2 sin2(TC . 3X) - 2 sin(4TC. 3*) + 2 sin(Tt. 3* +! ) - sin(7TC. 3X)
29
Q 16. Solve : sin10* + cos10* = — cos4 2x.
16
Q 17. Find the set of values of x satisfying the equality
f m\ 3 2cos7x eos2x
-cos fX + —
> z
sin X — 1 and the inequality cos3+sin3
I 4J ^ 4J
Q 18. Find the sum of all the roots of the equation, sin Vx = - 1 , which are less than 100 n 2 . Also Find the
sum of the square roots of these roots. Now, can we conclude that all the roots cos Vx = 0 are also the
roots of sinVx = - 1 ? Justify your answer.
' V R
Q 19. Solve : sin + COS = V2 sinVx.
V / v2j
. , 1 1 • n, • . 2x +1 . 2x +1 „ 7, 2x +1
Q 20. Find the general solution of the equation, sin—-— + sin—;:—
3x - 3 cos —3x
— = 0.
Q 25. Find all values of'a' for which every root of the equation,
acos2x+ | a | cos4x + cos6x= 1 is also a root of the equation,
sinx cos2x = sin2x cos3x sin5x, and conversely, every root of the second equation is also
a root of the first equation.
Q.2 The number of values of x in the interval [0, 5K] satisfying the equation
3 sin2x - 7 sinx + 2 = 0 is
(A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 10 [JEE'98'2]
Q.4 Find real values of x for which, 27 cos2x . 8 l sin2x is minimum. Alsofindthis minimum value.
[REE 2000,3]
Q.6 The number of integral values of k for which the equation 7cosx + 5sinx = 2k + 1 has a solution is
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C)10 (D) 12
[JEE 2002 (Screening), 3]
Q.7 . cos(a-{3) = 1 and cos(a + (B) = 1/e, where a, (3 e [-11,11], numbers of pairs of a, P which satisfy both
the equations is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D)4
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]
71 7T 37t 5n 2% 1% .
y
i W T ' T T
71 7C 271 57t
Q 7. x e n7t+— , n7t + — n7i + — , n7t + — n e l
6 3 3 6
71
Q21. -V2 £y<V2 ; ~,7t Q 22. 2n7t+- or (2n+l)7t - tan-*2, ns I
„ _ _ „ 2n7l 71 _ 7t
Q25. 0 = — ± — or 2n7t± - n e l
EXER CISE-II
Q 1. x = 2n7t±7t or2n7t + - n e l
3
Q 3. nn ; tin + (-l) n ^ or rnt + (-l) n (-—) Q 5. 72c
7t % „ „ 7t 5x 719it 13 it
0v 7. n7t+— <x<n7t+ — V "T Q 9. nic±
8 4 7 > 7— > 7> 7> Z
3 1
Q 11. j [nir + (-l) n sin"1 (l - V2a+I) where n e l and a e 2 ' 2
TC N%
Q 12. x = — + (~l) n —
-8 or ——
4 + (-l)
n+1
— Q 13. x = 2n7t -
Q 20. x = or where n e l
6nn + 3.7c - 4 3n7t + 3(-l) n sin-1 J - 2
Q 21. (i) | k sin a | < 1 (ii) S = n 71, n e I (iii) a e ( - m7i , 2 7t - m 7i) m e I
Q 22. x = nTt or x = nn ± —
6
EXERCISE-III
Q.l Q.2 C
f i \
n m n m
Q.3 y = (n-m)— + (-l) — -(-l) — ;x = (m+n)-+ ( - l ) - + ( - l ) - wherea = sin"V -V , m, nel
2 4 2 2 4 2
% 71
Q.5 x = mr + (-1 )n — and y = mrc + — where m & n are integers. Q.6B
6 6
Q.7 D