1. The distance between a 40-kg person and a 30-kg person is 2 m.

What is the magnitude of

the gravitational force each exerts on the other. Universal constant = 6.67 x 10−11 N m2 / kg2.

G: m1 = 40 kg, m2 = 30 kg, r = 2 m, G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 / kg2

R: F=?
𝑚1 𝑚2
E: F= 𝐺 𝑑2

(6.67 x 10−11) (40 𝑘𝑔)(30𝑘𝑔) 8.004 x 10−8

S: F= = = 2.001 x 10−8 N
22 4𝑚

A: 2.001 x 10−8 N

2. What is the force of gravity acting on an object at the Earth’s surface? If Earth’s mass = 5.98 x
1024 kg, object’s mass = 1000 kg, and the radius of the Earth is 6.38 x 106 m.

G: 𝑚𝐸 = 5.98 x 1024 kg, 𝑚𝑜 = 1000 kg, 𝑟𝐸 = 6.38 x 106 m, G = 6.67 x 10−11 N m2/ kg2
R: r=?
𝑚𝐸 𝑚𝑜
E: : w=F= 𝐺 𝑟2

(5.98 x 1024 kg)(1000 kg) 5.98 x 1027 𝑘𝑔

S: w= F= (6.67 x 10−11) = = (5.98 x 1027 𝑘𝑔) (6.67 x 10−11 )=
(6.38 x 106 m)2 4.07 x 1013 𝑚
3.99 x 1017 𝑘𝑔
3.99 x 1017 𝑘𝑔= = 9803.44 N
4.07 x 1013 𝑚

A: 9803.44 N

3. Calculate the force of gravity between two 3-kilogram ball bearings separated by a distance of
10 centimeters.

G: m1 = 3 kg, m2 = 3 kg, r = 10 cm, G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 / kg2

R: F=?
𝑚1 𝑚2
E: F= 𝐺 𝑟2

1𝑚
S: (10 cm) (100 𝑐𝑚)= 0.1 m

(6.67 x 10−11 ) (3𝑘𝑔)(3𝑘𝑔) 6.003 x 10−8

F= = = 6.003 x 10−8 N
(0.1)2 0.01𝑚

A: 6.003 x 10−8 N
4. A 9,000-kilogram machine is pulled toward a building, a 6.2 x 10−33 kg object with a radius
of 65,000 kilometers. When the machine is 2,500 kilometers from the building’s surface, what is
the machine’s acceleration (providing that its engines are turned off)?

G: m1 = 9,000 kg, m2 = 6.2 x 10−33 kg, r = 65,000 km, G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 / kg2

R: F=?
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
E: 𝑚𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 = 𝑟2

1𝑚
S: (65,000 km) (1000 𝑘𝑚)= 65m

(6.67 x 10−11 )(9,000𝑘𝑔)( 6.2 x 10−33 𝑘𝑔) 3.72x 10−39 𝑘𝑔

𝑚𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 = = = 8.80 x 10−43N
(65)2 4225𝑚

(9,000 kg) 𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑠ℎ𝑖𝑝 (8.80 x 10−43 kg)

9000
= 9000
= 9.78 x 10−47 𝑚⁄𝑠

A: 9.78 x 10−47 𝑚⁄𝑠

5. Calculate the force of attraction between two metal spheres each of mass 90kg, if the distance
2
between their centers is 40cm. given G = 6.67 x 10−11 𝑁𝑚 ⁄𝑘𝑔2

2
G: m1 = 90kg, m2 = 90kg, r = 40 cm, G = 6.67 x 10−11 𝑁𝑚 ⁄𝑘𝑔2

R: F=?
𝐺𝑚1 𝑚2
E: F=
𝑟2

1𝑚
S: (40 cm) (100 𝑐𝑚)= 0.4 m

(6.67 x 10−11 )(90𝑘𝑔)(90𝑘𝑔) 5.40 x 10−7

F= = = 3.375 x 10−6 N
(0.4)2 0.16𝑚

A: 3.375 x 10−6 N