Galicto: *Introductions*

Good Morning/Afternoon everyone , we are from group 4 Canisius , and we are here to
present the different human rights violations we have observed and researched.

The different Violations/Topic would be :

● Discrimination
● ARTICLE 3 — THE RIGHT TO LIVE FREE
● Violence Against Women and Sex Trafficking
● Child Labouring

To begin we first have the topic on Torture

Buisan/Fernandez/Lanoy:
Discrimination is defined as distinguishing differences between things or treating
someone as inferior based on their race, sex, national origin, age or other
characteristics. ... An example of discrimination is when a company refuses to hire
women because they are women.

Discrimination occurs when you are treated less favourably than another person in a
similar situation and this treatment cannot be objectively and reasonably justified.
Discrimination can also occur if you are disadvantaged by being treated the same as
another person when your circumstances are different (for example if you are disabled
or pregnant).
It is important to understand that the Human Rights Act does not protect you from
discrimination in all areas of your life – there are other laws that offer more general
protection, such as the Equality Act 2010.

What the Act does do is protect you from discrimination in the enjoyment of those
human rights set out in the European Convention of Human Rights. Article 14 is based
on the core principle that all of us, no matter who we are, enjoy the same human
rights and should have equal access to them.

Discrimination affects people's opportunities, their well-being, and their sense of

agency. Persistent exposure to discrimination can lead individuals to internalize the
prejudice or stigma that is directed against them, manifesting in shame, low self-
esteem, fear and stress, as well as poor health.

Discrimination in the workplace results in low productivity, which in turn drives the
economy backwards. According to the International Labor Organization, women are
by the most discriminated in the workplace, with the pay gap between the sexes still
significant in most countries .
Ponce:

ARTICLE 3 — THE RIGHT TO LIVE FREE

“Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.”

This right is often violated nowadays as people lost their freedom to live freely and
instead got robbed by it. An example is the extra judicial killings. Life is the first and
most fundamental right of individuals, without which no other right can be upheld.
Extrajudicial executions are a violation of this right, designating the deliberate killing
of an individual by a State agent (or with their consent) without a previous judgment
affording all judicial guarantees, such as a fair and unbiased procedure. In the context
of an armed conflict and under certain circumstances, extrajudicial executions can be
considered a war crime. They may also amount to genocide or crime against humanity
in specific contexts and if they are part of a collective practice.
Below are examples of Article 3 Violation in different countries
-An estimated 6,500 people were killed in 2007 in armed conflict in Afghanistan—
nearly half being non combatant civilian deaths at the hands of insurgents. Hundreds
of civilians were also killed in suicide attacks by armed groups.
-In Brazil in 2007, according to official figures, police killed at least 1,260 individuals
—the highest total to date. All incidents were officially labeled “acts of resistance”
and received little or no investigation.
-In Uganda, 1,500 people die each week in the internally displaced person camps.
According to the World Health Organization, 500,000 have died in these camps.

Magdolot:
Violence Against Women
(In Australia, while the #MeToo movement has spurred women to come forward with
their experiences of sexual harassment and abuse, a number of high-profile cases of
alleged sexual harassment by actors and politicians highlighted ongoing barriers to
justice for victims. At the same time, the #countingdeadwomen femicide index
reports that one woman in Australia is killed every week by an intimate partner.)

This is considered to be a violation against Human Rights most especially to Women

because it is an act of violence that results in, or is likely to result in physical, sexual,
or pshychological harm or suffering to women. According to the World Health
Organization (WHO), the social and economic costs of intimate partner and sexual
violence are enormous and have ripple effects to the society. Women may suffer
isolation, inability to work, loss of wages, lack of participation in regular activities and
limited ability to care for themselves and their children. Moreover, this violence
causes serious short and long-term physical, mental, sexual and repoductive health
problems for women such as depression, post-traumatic stress and other anxiety
disorders, misscerriage, fatal outcomes, syndromes, etc.

Badong:
Sex trafficking is a form of human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation.
People are trafficked in dangerous conditions and often held in circumstances that
can have long-term negative effects on their mental and physical well-being, even
after they reach their destinations. Women and children trafficked for the purpose of
sexual exploitation are at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted
diseases, as well as spreading the diseases throughout society; people are trafficked in
dangerous conditions and often held in circumstances that can have long-term
negative effects on their mental and physical well-being. Non-coerced, criminalized
sex employment, such as prostitution, is frequently confused with sex trafficking.
These misconceptions are generally the result of survivors' fear of their trafficker
modifying legal definitions of what constitutes sex trafficking and prostitution, as
well as competing perspectives on trafficking and sex work.

Galicto:
Another Human Rights Violation that we would often see would be “Child Labour” ,
this would refer to the exploitation of children through any form of work that
deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular
school, and is mentally, physically, socially and morally harmful. As we can often see
in roads , the children are finding ways to earn money and loitering around the city.

The consequences are staggering. Child labour can result in extreme bodily and
mental harm, and even death. It can lead to slavery and sexual or economic
exploitation. And in nearly every case, it cuts children off from schooling and health
care, restricting their fundamental rights and threatening their futures.
The continuing persistence of child labour and exploitation poses a threat to national
economies and has severe negative short and long-term consequences for children
such as denial of education and undermining physical and mental health.
Child labour has been shown to increase adult unemployment and depress national
wages. Using child labour means that workers are not being invested in or paid fairly,
creating a society of adults whose skills and capacities have not been developed as
much as they should have been.
Child labor persists even though laws and standards to eliminate it exist. Current
causes of global child labor are similar to its causes in the U.S. 100 years ago, including
poverty, limited access to education, repression of workers' rights, and limited
prohibitions on child labor.