MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

1 Evaluate:
a 33 b 22 £ 42 2 marks

2 Evaluate:
a 22 £ 32 £ 5 b 43 2 marks

3 Evaluate:
a 23 £ 52 b 25 £ 32 £ 15 2 marks

4 Write 84 as a product of primes in index form. 2 marks

5 Write 196 as a product of primes in index form. 2 marks

6 Write 540 as a product of primes in index form. 2 marks

7 Evaluate:
a ¡33 b (¡3)3 2 marks

8 Evaluate:
a ¡24 b (¡2)4 2 marks

9 Evaluate:
a 25 b (¡1)6 2 marks

10 Evaluate:
a 34 b ¡(¡1)5 2 marks

11 Evaluate:
a ¡(¡2)6 b 53 2 marks

12 Write as a power of 2:
a 24 £ 27 b 27 ¥ 24 c (24 )2 3 marks

13 Write as a power of 5:
a 53 £ 52 b 53 ¥ 52 c (53 )3 3 marks

14 Write as a power of 3:
a 39 £ 32 b 39 ¥ 32 c (32 )4 3 marks

15 Simplify:
a12
a a5 £ a7 b c (a2 )3
a9 3 marks

16 Simplify:
a m2 £ m4 b m9 ¥ m5 c (m4 )n 3 marks

17 Simplify:
a a23 £ a11 b x6 ¥ xy c (2x )3 3 marks

18 Simplify:
a x2 £ x10 b b3x ¥ b2x c (x5 )2y 3 marks

19 Express in simplest form with a prime number base:

a 253 b 16t ¥ 2u c 274x 6 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 1
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

20 Express in simplest form with a prime number base:

3m
a 2x £ 8 b c (4x )2
9n 6 marks

21 Express in simplest form with a prime number base:

5m+1
a (33 )x¡1 b 22¡n £ 25¡n c
51¡m 6 marks

22 Write in simplest form with a prime number base:

5m+3
a (31¡n )3 b 21¡x £ 2x+3 c
5m+1 6 marks

23 Express in simplest form with a prime number base:

9x
a (7x+1 )3 b 3x+2 £ 31¡2x c
27x¡1 6 marks

24 Express the following in simplest form without brackets:

µ ¶4
2 2a
a (3b) b c (4x3 y 2 )2
b 6 marks

25 Express the following in simplest form without brackets:

µ 3 ¶2 µ ¶3
3 2x ¡3x2
a (2xy) b c
y y2 6 marks

26 Express the following in simplest form without brackets:

µ ¶4 µ ¶2
p ¡3m2
a b (3m3 n)3 c
q n3 6 marks

27 Simplify the following using one or more of the index laws:

x6
a b 12ab2 £ 4b
x2 4 marks

28 Simplify the following using one or more of the index laws:

12m7
a b 5a2 b £ 4ab3
3m2 4 marks

29 Simplify the following using one or more of the index laws:

12m3 n x2 £ 3x4
a b
4m2 (3x2 )2 4 marks

30 Simplify:
a 5¡2 b 4 ¡ (¡1)4 4 marks

31 Simplify:
a 3¡2 b 50 £ 2¡3 4 marks

32 Simplify:
a ( 34 )¡1 b 5 + 2¡1 4 marks

33 Simplify:
a (3 12 )¡2 b 7¡1 ¡ 70 4 marks

34 Simplify:
a 5 + 2(¡1)3 b (3¡1 ¡ 30 )¡1 4 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 2
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

35 Write the following without brackets or negative indices:

µ ¶¡2
b
a (3x)¡1 b
2 4 marks

36 Write the following without brackets or negative indices:

a 3y¡2 b (3ab¡1 )¡2 4 marks

37 Write the following without brackets or negative indices:

a 2a¡2 b b (3xy)¡2 4 marks
µ ¶3
3x2
38 a Simplify .
y

b Simplify (2a2 b¡1 )2 , without brackets or negative indices. 4 marks

39 Simplify the following, giving your answer without brackets or negative indices:
µ ¶¡2
2
a (2a¡1 )2 b
b¡1 4 marks

40 Write the following as powers of 2:

1
a 16 b 4 ¥ 2¡2 4 marks

41 Write the following as powers of 3:

1
a b 27n ¥ 34
81x 4 marks

42 Write the following as powers of 5:

1
a 125 b 54 £ 25x 4 marks

43 Write the following as powers of 2 or 5:

a 125 £ 5¡2 b 16 £ 50¡1 4 marks

44 Solve for x:
1
a 3x = 27 b 2x+2 = 4 6 marks

45 Find the value of x, without using your calculator:

1 1
a 4x = 2 b 9x+1 = 27 6 marks

46 Find the value of x, without using your calculator:

1
a 2x = 32 b 35¡x = 27 6 marks

47 Solve for x, without using a calculator:

1
a 32x+3 = 27 b 2x+2 = 4 6 marks

48 Write 87 500 in standard form. 1 mark

49 Write 74 200 in standard form. 1 mark

50 Write 0:000 042 in standard form. 1 mark

51 Write 0:000 703 in standard form. 1 mark

52 Write 8:93 £ 105 as an ordinary decimal number. 1 mark

53 Write 5:6 £ 107 as an ordinary decimal number. 1 mark

54 Write 6:3 £ 10¡5 as an ordinary decimal number. 1 mark

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 3
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

55 Write 3:87 £ 10¡4 as an ordinary decimal number. 1 mark

56 Evaluate, without using a calculator, giving answers in standard form:

a (8 £ 107 ) £ (5 £ 10¡2 ) b (5 £ 10¡3 )2 4 marks

57 Evaluate, without using a calculator, giving answers in standard form:

a (2 £ 10¡8 ) ¥ (8 £ 10¡3 ) b (5 £ 103 )¡2 4 marks

58 Evaluate, without using a calculator, giving answers in standard form:

1 £ 106
a (2 £ 10¡2 )4 b
2 £ 10¡5 4 marks

59 Evaluate, without using a calculator, giving answers in standard form:

a (4 £ 10¡7 ) £ (5 £ 105 ) b (2 £ 10¡3 )¡2 4 marks

60 A rocket travels at a constant speed of 3 £ 106 metres per second for 5 hours.
How far does it travel (in km)? 4 marks

61 A missile travelling at 4:8 £ 104 km/h strikes a target 12 km away.

Find the time of flight of the missile in seconds. 4 marks

62 The sun has diameter 1:392£106 km whilst the radius of the earth is 6:38 million metres.
Approximately how many times larger in diameter is the sun compared with the diameter
of the earth? 4 marks

63 Evaluate without using a calculator:

1 1
a 36 2 b 9¡ 2 4 marks

64 Evaluate without using a calculator:

1 1
a 81 4 b 27¡ 3 4 marks

65 Evaluate without using a calculator:

1 1
a 32¡ 5 b (¡32) 5 4 marks

66 Write each of the following in index form:

p 1
a 5 b p
11 2 marks

67 Write each of the following in index form:

p 1
a 10 b p 3
17 2 marks

68 Write each of the following in index form:

p 1
a 4 13 b p 5
7 2 marks

69 Write the following as powers of 2:

p p
a 52 b 3 32 4 marks

70 Write as powers of 3 in simplest form:

p
a 19 b 3 27 4 marks

71 Write as powers of 7 in simplest form:

1 1
a 49 b p 3
7 4 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 4
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

72 Write as powers of 2 in simplest form:

p 1
a 4 64 b p 3
32 4 marks

73 Write as powers of 10 in simplest form:

p 1
a 3 100 b p 5
1000 4 marks

74 Evaluate without using a calculator:

3 1
a 92 b 25¡ 2 4 marks

75 Evaluate without using a calculator:

3 2
a 16 4 b 27¡ 3 4 marks

76 Evaluate without using a calculator:

3 3
a 16 2 b 25¡ 2 4 marks

77 Evaluate without using a calculator:

4
a 64 3 b 16¡0:75 4 marks

78 Use your calculator to evaluate, correct to 3 significant figures where necessary:

p 3
a 93 b 5 243 c 32 3 marks

79 Use your calculator to evaluate, correct to 3 significant figures where necessary:

p 2
a (1:2)5 b 3 16 c 128 7 3 marks

80 Use your calculator to evaluate, correct to 3 significant figures where necessary:

p 2
a (¡0:99)15 b 4 1296 c 5¡ 3 3 marks

81 Use your calculator to evaluate, correct to 3 significant figures:

2 1
a 10 3 b 25¡ 4 2 marks

82 If f (x) = 3x + 2 find the value of:

a f (0) b f(2) c f (¡2) 3 marks

83 If g(x) = 2x+2 find the value of:

a g(0) b g(2) c g(¡2) 3 marks

84 If h(x) = 3¡x find the value of:

a h(0) b h(2) c h(¡2) 3 marks

85 Alongside is the graph of y = 3x . y

Use the graph to estimate, to one
decimal place, the value of: 4
a 30 b 3¡1
c 3¡0:5 d 31:4
3

2
y = 3x

x
!2 !1 1 2 4 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 5
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

86 Alongside is the graph of y = 2x . y

Use the graph to estimate x to one
decimal place if 4
a 2x = 2
b 2x = 3:5
3
c 2x = 0:5

2
y = 2x

x
!2 !1 1 2

3 marks

87 Alongside is the graph of y = 2x . y

a Use the graph to estimate, to
one decimal place the value 4
of:
i 2¡0:5
3
ii 20:9

b Use the graph to estimate x, 2

to one decimal place, if y = 2x
i 2x = 2:5
1
ii 2x = 1:2
x
!2 !1 1 2

4 marks

88 a Without using technology, sketch the graph of y = 2x + 2.

b State the y-intercept and the equation of the horizontal asymptote.
c Describe the transformation required to draw the graph of this function from the graph
of y = 2x . 6 marks

89 a Without using technology, sketch the graph of y = 2x ¡ 3.

b State the y-intercept and the equation of the horizontal asymptote.
c Describe the transformation required to draw the graph of this function from the graph
of y = 2x . 6 marks

90 a Without using technology, sketch the graph of y = ¡2 £ 2x .

b State the y-intercept and the equation of the horizontal asymptote.
c Describe the transformation required to draw the graph of this function from the graph
of y = 2x . 6 marks

91 a Without using technology, sketch the graphs of y = 3 £ 2x and y = 2x on the

same set of axes.
b State the y-intercept and the equation of the horizontal asymptote for the graph of
y = 3 £ 2x .
c Describe how you could use the graph of y = 2x to draw the graph of y = 3 £ 2x . 8 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 6
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

92 You are encouraged to use technology to help answer this question.

The height of a shrub n years after it was planted is given by H = 25 £ (1:26)n cm.
a How high was the shrub when it was planted?
b How high is it after 3 years?
c How high is it after 5 years?
d Sketch the graph of H against n for n > 0.
e At what time (after planting) will it reach a height of 2 m? 9 marks

93 You are encouraged to use technology to help answer this question.

The weight of micro-organisms in a culture, t hours after it has been established, is given
by the formula W = 100 £ (1:07)t grams.
a Find the original weight of micro-organisms in the culture.
b Find the weight of micro-organisms after 12 hours.
c Sketch the graph of W against t.
d How long would it take for the weight to reach 500 grams? 8 marks

94 The weight of radioactive substance n years after being set aside is given by
W (n) = 400 £ (0:995)n grams.
a How much radioactive substance was put aside?
b Determine the weight of the substance after:
i 100 years ii 500 years
c Sketch the graph of W (n) against n.
d How long does it take for the weight of the substance to reduce to 10 grams? 10 marks

95 The weight of a radioactive substance t days after being set aside is W = 20 £ 0:8t grams.
a How much radioactive substance was set aside?
b Determine the weight of substance after:
i 2 days ii 10 days
c Sketch the graph of W (t) against t.
d How long does it take for the weight of the substance to reduce to 1 gram? 10 marks

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Questions page 7
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

1 a 33 b 22 £ 42 12 a 24 £ 27 b 27 ¥ 24
= 27 = 4 £ 16 = 24+7 = 27¡4
= 64 = 211 = 23

c (24 )2
2 a 22 £ 32 £ 5 b 43
= 24£2
= 4 £9£5 = 64
= 28
= 180
13 a 53 £ 52 b 53 ¥ 52
3 a 23 £ 52 b 25 £ 32 £ 15
= 53+2 = 53¡2
= 8 £ 25 = 32 £ 9 £ 15
= 55 =5
= 200 = 4320
c (53 )3
4 84 = 53£3
2 42 = 59

2 21
14 a 39 £ 32 b 39 ¥ 32
3 7 = 39+2 = 39¡2
84 = 22 £ 3 £ 7 = 311 = 37

5 c (32 )4
196
= 32£4
2 98
= 38
2 49
a12
7 7 15 a a5 £ a7 b
a9
196 = 22 £ 72 = a5+7
= a12¡9
= a12
= a3
6 540
c (a2 )3
2 270 = a2£3
2 135 = a6
3 45
16 a m2 £ m4 b m9 ¥ m5
3 15
= m2+4 = m9¡5
3 5
540 = 22 £ 33 £ 5 = m6 = m4

c (m4 )n
7 a ¡33 b (¡3)3
= m4£n
= ¡27 = ¡27
= m4n
8 a ¡24 b (¡2)4
17 a a23 £ a11 b x6 ¥ xy
= ¡16 = 16
= a23+11 = x6¡y
= a34
9 a 25 b (¡1)6
= 32 =1 c (2x )3
= 2x£3
10 a 34 b ¡(¡1)5 = 23x
= 81 = ¡(¡1)
=1 18 a x2 £ x10 b b3x ¥ b2x
= x2+10 = b3x¡2x
11 a ¡(¡2)6 b 53
= x12 = bx
= ¡(64) = 125
= ¡64 c (x5 )2y
= x5£2y
= x10y

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 0
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

µ ¶4
3 t u 2 2a
19 a 25 b 16 ¥ 2 24 a (3b) b
b
= (52 )3 = (24 )t ¥ 2u = 32 £ b2
= 56 = 9b2 24 £ a4
= 24t ¥ 2u =
b4
c 274x = 24t¡u
c (4x3 y 2 )2 16a4
= (33 )4x = 42 £ (x3 )2 £ (y2 )2 =
b4
= 312x = 16 £ x3£2 £ y 2£2
3m = 16x6 y4
20 a 2x £ 8 b
9n µ
2x3
¶2
= 2x £ 23 25 a (2xy)3 b
3m y
= 2x+3 = = 23 £ x3 £ y 3
(32 )n
= 8x3 y3 22 £ (x3 )2
c (4x )2 3m =
= 2n y2
= 42x 3 µ ¶3
¡3x2 4 £ x3£2
= (22 )2x = 3m¡2n c =
y2 y2
= 24x
(¡3)3 £ (x2 )3 4x6
= =
21 a (33 )x¡1 b 22¡n £ 25¡n (y2 )3 y2
= 33x¡3 = 22¡n+(5¡n) ¡27 £ x2£3
=
= 27¡2n y 2£3
5m+1
c ¡27x6
51¡m =
y6
= 5m+1¡(1¡m)
= 5m+1¡1+m µ ¶4
p ¡ ¢3
= 52m 26 a b 3m3 n
q
= 33 £ (m3 )3 £ n3
22 a (31¡n )3 b 21¡x £ 2x+3 p4 = 27 £ m9 £ n3
=
= 21¡x+x+3 q4 = 27m9 n3
= 33¡3n
= 24 µ ¶2
5m+3 ¡3m2
c c
5m+1 n3
= 5m+3¡(m+1) (¡3)2 £ (m2 )2
=
= 5m+3¡m¡1 (n3 )2
= 52
9 £ m2£2
=
n3£2
23 a (7x+1 )3 b 3x+2 £ 31¡2x
9m4
= 73(x+1) = 3x+2+1¡2x =
n6
= 73x+3 = 33¡x
9x x6
c 27 a b 12ab2 £ 4b
27x¡1 x2
= 12 £ 4 £ a £ b2 £ b
(32 )x = x6¡2
= = 48 £ a £ b2+1
(33 )x¡1 = x4
= 48ab3
32x
= 12m7
33x¡3 28 a b 5a2 b £ 4ab3
3m2
= 32x¡(3x¡3) = 5 £ 4 £ a2 £ a £ b £ b3
= 3¡x+3 12
= £ m7¡2 = 20 £ a2+1 £ b1+3
3
= 4m5 = 20a3 b4

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 2
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

12m3 n x2 £ 3x4
29 a b 36 a 3y ¡2 b (3ab¡1 )¡2
4m2 (3x2 )2
3 = 3¡2 £ a¡2 £ b¡1£ ¡2
12 m3 3 £ x2 £ x4 =
1 1
= £ 2 £n = 2 y2
4 m 3 £ x2£2 = 2 £ 2 £ b2
3 a
= 3 £ m3¡2 £ n 3 £ x6
= b2
= 3mn 9 £ x4 =
9a2
1 6¡4
= 3 £x
1 2 37 a 2a¡2 b b (3xy)¡2
= 3x
2b 1
= =
30 a 5 ¡2
b 4 ¡ (¡1) 4 a2 (3xy)2
1 =4¡1 1
= 2 =
5 =3 32 x2 y2
1
= 25
1
=
9x2 y 2
31 a 3¡2 b 50 £ 2¡3 µ ¶3
1 3x2
= 2
1 38 a b (2a2 b¡1 )2
=1£ 3 y
3 2 = 22 £ a4 £ b¡2
1 3 6
= = 18 3 x 4a4
9 = = 2
y3 b
¡ 3 ¢¡1
32 a 4 b 5 + 2¡1 27x6
=
= 5 + 12 y3
1
= 3
4
= 5 12 µ ¶¡2
2
4 39 a (2a¡1 )2 b
= 3 b¡1
= 22 £ a¡2
¡ ¢¡2 4 = (2b)¡2
33 a 3 12 b 7 ¡71 0 = 2 1
a =
¡ 7 ¢¡2 1 (2b)2
= = 1 ¡1
2 7
1
1 = 1
¡1 =
= ¡ ¢2 7 4b2
7
2 = ¡ 67
1
1 40 a 16 b 4 ¥ 2¡2
= 49 = 22 ¥ 2¡2
4
1
=
4 24 = 22¡¡2
= 49 = 2¡4 = 24

34 a 5 + 2(¡1)3 b (3¡1 ¡ 30 )¡1 1

41 a b 27n ¥ 34
81x
= 5 + 2(¡1) = ( 13 ¡ 1) ¡1
= (33 )n ¥ 34
=5¡2 1
= (¡ 23 )¡1 = 4 x = 33n ¥ 34
=3 (3 )
= 33n¡4
= ¡ 32 1
=
µ ¶¡2 34x
b = 3¡4x
35 a (3x) ¡1
b
2
1 1
= 1 42 a 125 b 54 £ 25x
3x = µ ¶2
b 1 = 54 £ (52 )x
= = 54 £ 52x
2 53
= 5¡3 = 54+2x
1
=
b2
4
4
= 2
b

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 3
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

43 a 125 £ 5¡2 b 16 £ 50¡1 56 a (8 £ 107 ) £ (5 £ 10¡2 ) = 40 £ 107¡2

= 53 £ 5¡2 = 24 £ (2 £ 52 )¡1 = 40 £ 105
= 53+¡2 = 24 £ 2¡1 £ 5¡2 = 4 £ 10 £ 105
= 51 = 24+¡1 £ 5¡2 = 4 £ 106
=5 = 23 £ 5¡2 b (5 £ 10¡3 )2 = 25 £ 10¡6
1
= 2:5 £ 10 £ 10¡6
44 a 3x = 27 b 2x+2 = 4 = 2:5 £ 10¡5
) 3x = 33 ) 2x+2 = 2 ¡2

) x=3 ) x + 2 = ¡2 2 £ 10¡8
) x = ¡4 57 a = 14 £ 10¡8¡(¡3)
8 £ 10¡3
= 0:25 £ 10¡5
45 a 4x = 1
b 9x+1 = 1 = 2:5 £ 10¡1 £ 10¡5
2 27
= 2:5 £ 10¡6
) (22 )x = 2¡1 ) (32 )x+1 = 3 ¡3

) 22x = 2¡1 ) 32x+2 = 3¡3 b (5 £ 103 )¡2 = 5¡2 £ 10¡6

) 2x = ¡1 ) 2x + 2 = ¡3 1
= 25 £ 10¡6
) 2x = ¡5
) x = ¡ 12 = 0:04 £ 10¡6
) x = ¡ 52
= 4 £ 10¡2 £ 10¡6
1 = 4 £ 10¡8
46 a 2x = 32 b 35¡x = 27
) 2x = 2¡5 ) 35¡x = 33 1 £ 106
) 5¡x = 3 58 a (2 £ 10¡2 )4 b
) x = ¡5 2 £ 10¡5
) ¡x = ¡2 = 16 £ 10¡8
) x=2 = 0:5 £ 1011
= 1:6 £ 10 £ 10¡8
= 5 £ 10¡1 £ 1011
= 1:6 £ 10¡7
47 a 32x+3 = 27 b 2x+2 = 1
4
= 5 £ 1010
) 32x+3 = 33 ) 2x+2 = 2¡2
) 2x + 3 = 3 59 a (4 £ 10¡7 ) £ (5 £ 105 ) = 20 £ 10¡7+5
) x + 2 = ¡2
) 2x = 0 = 20 £ 10¡2
) x = ¡4
) x=0 = 2 £ 10 £ 10¡2
= 2 £ 10¡1
48 87 500 = 8:75 £ 104 1
b (2 £ 10¡3 )¡2 = 4 £ 106
= 0:25 £ 106
4
49 74 200 = 7:42 £ 10 = 2:5 £ 10¡1 £ 106
= 2:5 £ 105
50 0:000 042 = 4:2 £ 10¡5
distance
60 Speed =
51 0:000 703 = 7:03 £ 10 ¡4 time
) distance = speed £ time
5
52 8:93 £ 10 = 893 000 = 3 £ 106 £ 60 £ 60 £ 5 metres
3 £ 106 £ 60 £ 60 £ 5
= km
1000
53 5:6 £ 107 = 56 000 000
540 £ 108
=
103
54 6:3 £ 10¡5 = 6:3 ¥ 105 = 540 £ 105
= 0:000 063 = 5:4 £ 102 £ 105
= 5:4 £ 107 km
55 3:87 £ 10¡4 = 3:87 ¥ 104
= 0:000 387

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 4
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

p 1
distance 66 a 5 b p
61 Speed = 11
time = 52
1

distance 1
) time = = 1
speed 11 2
1
12 = 11¡ 2
= hours
4:8 £ 104
p 1
12 67 a 10 b p
= 3
17
48 £ 103 = 10 2
1

1 1
= 4 £ 10¡3 hours = 1

1
17 3
= £ 10¡3 £ 60 £ 60 seconds 1
4 = 17¡ 3
= 900 £ 10¡3
= 9 £ 10¡1 seconds p
4 1
68 a 13 b p
= 0:9 seconds 1
5
7
= 13 4
1
= 1
62 Diameter of Sun = 1:392 £ 106 km 75
= 1:392 £ 106 £ 103 m = 7¡ 5
1

= 1:392 £ 109 m
Diameter of Earth = 2 £ 6:38 million metres p
5
p
3
69 a 2 b 32
= 12:76 £ 106 m 1 1
= 25 = 32 3
= 1:276 £ 107 m 1
9
= (25 ) 3
1:392 £ 10
) diameter of Sun is = 25£ 3
1
1:276 £ 107
5
+ 1:09 £ 102 = 23
+ 109 times
p
as large as the diameter of the Earth 70 a 1
b 3
27
9
1 1 1 =3
63 a 36 2 b 9¡ 2 =
p 32
= 36 1 = 3¡2
= 1
=6 92
1 1 1
=p 71 a 49 b p3
9 7
1
= 1 = 1
3 72 = 1
73
= 7¡2 1

64 a
1
81 4 b 27¡ 3
1 = 7¡ 3
1 1
= (34 ) 4 = (33 )¡ 3 p 1
4
= 34£ 4
1
= 33£¡ 3
1 72 a 64 b p3
1 32
= 31 = 3¡1 = (26 ) 4
1
=3 = 13 = 26£ 4
1
= 1
(25 ) 3
3
= 22
1
65 a
1
32¡ 5 b (¡32) 5
1
= 1

1 1
25£ 3
= (25 )¡ 5 = [(¡2)5 ] 5 1
1 1 = 5
= 25£¡ 5 = (¡2)5£ 5 23
= 2¡1 = (¡2)1 5
= 2¡ 3
= 12 = ¡2

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 5
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

p 1
73 a 3
100 b p5
82 a f (x) = 3x + 2 b f (x) = 3x + 2
1000
) f (0) = 30 + 2 ) f (2) = 32 + 2
1
= (102 ) 3
1 = 1+2 = 9+2
= 102£ 3
1
= 1
(103 ) 5 =3 = 11
2
= 10 3 1
= 1
c f(x) = 3x + 2
103£ 5
) f (¡2) = 3¡2 + 2
1
= 3
= 19 + 2
10 5
3 = 2 19
= 10¡ 5

3 1
83 a g(x) = 2x+2 b g(x) = 2x+2
74 a 92 b 25¡ 2 ) g(0) = 20+2 ) g(2) = 22+2
3
= (32 ) 2 ¡ ¢¡ 1
= 52 2 = 22 = 24
3
= 32£ 2 = 5¡1 =4 = 16
= 33 = 15 c g(x) = 2x+2
= 27
) g(¡2) = 2¡2+2
= 20
3 2
75 a 16 4 b 27¡ 3 =1
3 2
= (24 ) 4 = (33 )¡ 3
= 24£ 4
3
= 33£¡ 3
2
84 a h(x) = 3¡x b h(x) = 3¡x
= 23 = 3¡2 ) h(0) = 3¡0 ) h(2) = 3¡2
1 = 30 = 19
=8 = 2
3 =1
1
= 9 c h(x) = 3¡x
) h(¡2) = 3¡(¡2)
76 a 16
3
2 b 25 ¡ 32 = 32
4 3 3 =9
= (2 ) 2 = (52 )¡ 2
= 26 = 5¡3 y
85
= 64 1
= 53
1 4
= 125

4
77 a 64 3 b 16¡0:75 3
= (24 )¡0:75
4
= (26 ) 3

= 26£ 3
4
= 24£¡0:75 2
y = 3x
= 28 = 2¡3
1
= 256 = 3 1
2
1
= 8 x
!" !# 1 2
p 3
78 a 93 = 729 b 5
243 = 3 c 3 2 + 5:20
p
79 a (1:2)5 + 2:49 b 3
16 + 2:52 a 30 = 1 b 3¡1 = 0:3
31:4 = 4:7
2
c 128 7 = 4 c 3¡0:5 = 0:6 d
p
80 a (¡0:99)15 + ¡0:860 b 4
1296 = 6
2
c 5¡ 3 + 0:342
2 1
81 a 10 3 = 4:64 b 25¡ 4 = 0:447

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 6
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

86 y 89 a y
y $ 2x ! 3
4
x
y = 2x 2
3 !2 !2
y $ !3

2
b y-intercept is ¡2
horizontal asymptote is y = ¡3
1 ³ ´
0
c vertical translation ¡3
x
!" !# 1 2 90 a y
!2 2
x
a x=1 b x = 1:8 c x = ¡1 !2

87 y y $ !2 & 2 x

y = 2x b y-intercept is ¡2
3 horizontal asymptote is y = 0
c For the given value of x the y value is twice as
2 far from, but below, the x-axis.

1 91 a y

y $ 3 & 2x
x
!" !# 1 2
3 y $ 2x

x
!2 2
a i 2¡0:5 + 0:7 ii 20:9 + 1:9
b i x + 1:3 ii x + 0:3 b y-intercept is 3
horizontal asymptote is y = 0
88 a y c For a given value of x the y value is three times
as far from the x-axis.
y $ 2x % 2
3
y$2

x
!2 2
b y-intercept is 3
horizontal asymptote is y = 2
¡ ¢
c vertical translation of 02

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 7
MATHEMATICS FOR YEAR 10 INDICES, GROWTH AND DECAY CHAPTER 11

92 H = 25 £ (1:26)n 94 W (n) = 400 £ (0:995)n

a When n = 0, H = 25 £ (1:26)0 = 25
i.e., the shrub was originally 25 cm.
b When n = 3, H = 25 £ (1:26)3 + 50:01
i.e., after three years the shrub is 50 cm.
c When n = 5, H = 25 £ (1:26)5 + 79:39
i.e., after five years the shrub is 79:4 cm.
d H (cm)
250
200
H $ 25 & (1.26) n
150
a When n = 0, W (0) = 400 £ (0:995)0 = 400
i.e., initial weight was 400 grams.
b i When n = 100, W (100) = 400 £ (0:995)100
+ 242:3
i.e., after 100 years weight is 242:3 grams.
ii When n = 500, W (500) = 400 £ (0:995)500
+ 32:63
i.e., after 500 years weight is 32:63 grams.
c
500 W(n) grams

100 400

50 300 W ( n) $ 400 & (0.995) n

n (years)
200
2 4 6 8 10
100
e Using a graphics calculator n(years)
Y1 = 25 £ 1:26^X and Y2 = 200 200 400 600 800 1000

point of intersection is X = 8:9975 Y = 200 d Using a graphics calculator

i.e., shrub reaches height of 2 m after 9 years. Y1 = 400 £ 0:995^X and Y2 = 10
point of intersection is X = 735:929 91 Y = 10
93 W = 100 £ (1:07)t i.e., the weight reduces to 10 grams after 735:9
a When t = 0, W = 100 £ (1:07)0 = 100 years.
i.e., the original weight was 100 grams.
b When t = 12, W = 100 £ (1:07)12 + 225:2 95 W = 20 £ 0:8t
i.e., after 12 hours the weight is 225:2 grams. a When t = 0, W = 20 £ 0:80 = 20
c i.e., there was initially 20 grams set aside.
600
W (grams)
b i When t = 2, W = 20 £ 0:82
500
W $ 100 & (1.07)t = 12:8
400
i.e., after 2 days the weight is 12:8 grams.
300
200 ii When t = 10, W = 20 £ 0:810
100
+ 2:147
t (hours)
i.e., after 10 days the weight is 2:147 grams.
5 10 15 20 25 30
c
d Using a graphics calculator weight (Wt grams)
Y1 = 100 £ 1:07^X and Y2 = 500 20
point of intersection is X = 23:787 Y = 500
i.e., the weight reaches 500 grams after 23:8
hours. 10

5
2.5
3.2 6.4 9.6 t days

d Using a graphics calculator

Y1 = 20 £ 0:8^X and Y2 = 1
point of intersection is X = 13:425 Y = 1
i.e., the weight reduces to 1 gram after 13:43
days

© HAESE & HARRIS PUBLICATIONS Mathematics for Year 10 – Test Generator Answers page 8