English For Architecture and Planning 1: (Teaching Material)

ENGLISH FOR
ARCHITECTURE AND
PLANNING 1
(Teaching Material)
Compiled by Bach Quoc Hung, M.A.
FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY

Department of Foreign Languages
2021
PREFACE
English for Architecture and Planning 1 is designed to help architecture majors with
the development of English proficiency through specialist environment. This book is
primarily aimed at developing students’ architecture- related specialist vocabulary
competence and reading comprehension competence. In addition, knowledge of architecture
is also implicitly developed to some extent to students through specialist reading materials.
Finally, some integrated skills, like speaking, reporting and writing, are included to enable
students to reflect on and apply the understanding of the reading passage contents to some
situations in reality.
This book is organized mainly based on themes (each corresponding to one module),
namely Architecture and Architects; History of Architecture; History of the House Building;
Fundamental Requirements of An Efficient and Attractive House, and Interior Design of A
Room. Each Module is largely structured as follows:
 Lead-in Activity: In this section, some discussion questions or some picture- guessing
activities are given with the aim of generating students’ interest in and activating their
prior knowledge of the subject.
 Reading Comprehension: Architecture-related reading passages are initially

provided as the basis for developing specialist vocabulary, reading comprehension.
Vocabulary development tasks include Multiple Choice Questions and Matching.
Reading skills development tasks include True/False Statements; Matching, Gap-
filling and Reading Comprehension Questions.
 Follow-up Activities: In this section, students are required to reflect on and apply the
understanding of the contents based on the reading passages to some practical
situations, such as labeling parts of a building; describing an architectural structure
using the already-learned vocabulary, and finding some examples/ pictures showing
principles of design.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MODULE 1: ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHITECTS……………………………… …...P.1
MODULE 2: HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE ……………………………………….….P.8
 ANCIENT GREEK ARCHITECURE ……………………………...P.8
 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE ………………………………...………P.11
MODULE 3: HISTORY OF THE HOUSE BUILDING……………………………….…..P.15
 THE SPANISH HOUSE………………………………………. .…..P.16
 TUDOR AN ELIZABETHAN PROTOTYPES………… ..…..…...P.17
MODULE 4: FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF AN EFFICIENT
AND ATTRACTIVE HOUSE…………………………………………………… ……..….P.22
MODULE 5: INTERIOR DESIGN OF A ROOM………………………………..…...…...P.26
GLOSSARY ……………………………………………………………………………….…P.33
REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………………..…..P.39
MODULE 1: ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHITECTS
 Lead-in Questions
1. What do you think the word “Architecture” means?
2. What are characteristics of an architectural work?
3. What can you say about the roles of an architect?
 The Art of Architecture
Architecture is the art and the technique of building, employed to fulfill the practical
and expressive requirements of civilized people. Almost every settled society that possesses
the techniques for building produces architecture. It is necessary in all but the simplest
cultures; without it, man is confined to primitive struggle with the elements; with it, he has
not only a defense against the natural environment but also the benefits of a human
environment, a prerequisite for and a symbol of the development of civilized institutions.
The characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture from other man-made

structures are (1) the suitability of the work to use by human beings in general and the
adaptability of it to particular human activities; (2) the stability and permanence of the
work’s construction, and (3) the communication of experience and ideas through its form.
All these conditions must be met in architecture. The second is a constant, while the
first and the third vary in relative importance according to the social function of buildings. If
the function is chiefly utilitarian, as in a factory, communication is of less importance. If the
function is chiefly expressive, as in a monumental tomb, utility is a minor concern. In some
buildings such as churches and city halls, utility and communication may be of equal
importance.
An Architect Planning the environment:

An architect requires knowledge in The natural environment is at once
different sciences: a hindrance and a help, and the architect
seeks both to invite its aid and to repel its
Architectural Planning:
attacks. To make building habitable and
The architect usually begins to work
comfortable, he must control the effects of
when the site type and the cost of a
heat, cold, light, air, moisture, and dryness
building have been determined.
and foresee destructive potentialities such
as fire, earthquake, flood, and disease.
English for Architecture and Planning 1 Compiled by Bach Quoc Hung, M.A. 1
The placement and form of Color:
buildings in relation to their sites, the Color has a practical function as
distribution of spaces within buildings, and well as an expressive quality because of
other planning devices discussed above are the range of its reflection and its
fundamental elements in the aesthetics of absorption of solar rays. Since light colors
architecture. reflect heat and dark colors absorb it, the
choice of materials and pigments is an
Orientation:
effective tool of environmental control.
The arrangement of the axes of
building and their parts is a device for Materials and techniques:
controlling the effects of sun, wind and The choice of materials is
rainfall. conditioned by their own ability to
withstand the environment as well as by
Within buildings, the axis and
properties that make them useful to human
placement of each space determine the
beings. One of the architect’s jobs is to
amount of sun it receives. Orientation may
find a successful solution to both
control air for circulation and reduce the
conditions; to balance the physical and
disadvantages of wind, rain and snow.
economic advantages of wood against the
The characteristics of the immediate possibility of fire, termites, and mold, the
environment also influence orientation: weather resistance of glass and light metals
trees, land formation, and other buildings against their high thermal conductivity,
create shade and reduce or intensify wind, and many similar conflicts.
while bodies of water produce moisture
Interior Control:
and reflect the sun.
The control of the environment
Architectural forms:
through the design of the plan and the
Planning may control the outer shell of a building cannot be
environment by the design of architectural complete, since extremes of heat and cold,
forms that modify the effects of natural light and sounds penetrate into the interior,
forces. where they can be further modified by the
planning of spaces and by special
conditioning devices.
Temperature, light and sound are all recreation. A meeting-house with a single
subject to control by the size and shape of hall is sufficient for Quaker religious
interior spaces, the way in which the services, while a Roman Catholic
spaces are connected, and the materials Cathedral may require a nave, aisles, choir,
employed for floors, walls, ceilings, and apse, chapels, crypt, sacristy, and
furnishings. ambulatory.
Today, heating, insulation, air Economic Planning:

conditioning, lighting and acoustical Major expenses in buildings are for
methods have become basic parts of the land, materials, and labor. In each case,
architectural program. they are high when the commodity is
scarce and low when it is abundant, and
Planning for use:
they influence planning more directly
While environmental planning
when they become restrictive.
produces comfort for the senses (sight,
feeling, hearing) and reflexes (respiration), When land coverage is limited, it is
planning for use or function is concerned usually necessary to design in height the
with convenience of movement and rest. space that otherwise would be planned in
breadth and depth, as in the ancient Roman
Differentiation:
insula (apartment houses) or the modern
The number of functions requiring
skyscraper. When the choice of materials
distinct kinds of space within a building
is influenced by cost, all phrases of
depends not only upon the type of building
architectural design are affected, since the
but also upon the requirement of culture
planning procedure, the technique, and the
and the habits and activities of the
form of buildings are dependent on
individual patrons. A primitive house has a
materials. High labor cost influence the
single room with a hearth area, and a
choice of techniques and, consequently, of
modern one has separate areas for cooking,
materials.
eating, sleeping, washing, storage and
Task 1: Complete the following sentences using the information from the passage.
1. Almost every settled society that possesses the techniques for building produces …………
a. nature b. architecture c. struggle
2. Architecture is necessary in all but the simplest ………….
a. theories b. works c. cultures
3. Architecture is a prerequisite for the development of civilized ………
a. importance b. institutions c. symbols
4. The stability and permanence of the work’s construction is a/an …….
a. idea b. form c. constant
5. If the function its chiefly utilitarian, communication is of less ……
a. importance b. condition c. benefit
6. In a monumental tomb, utility is a minor …………
a. market b. concern c. city hall
7. Architecture should fulfill the practical and expressive requirements of ……people.
a. primitive b. civilized c. common
8. There are some characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture …………other
man-made structures.
a. from b. behind c. with
9. All these conditions must be met ……architecture.
a. at b. in c. on
10. The placement and form of the buildings in relation to their……..is one of the
fundamental elements in the aesthetics of architecture.
a. square b. comfort c. sites
11. The arrangement of the ………of buildings and their parts controls the effects of sun,
wind, and rainfall.
a. rooms b. axes c. spaces
12. The characteristics of the immediate ……..also influence orientation.
a. environment b. territory c. building
13. Bodies of water produce ………..and reflect the sun.
a. shade b. moisture c. wind
14. Color has a practical …….and expressive quality.
a. choice b. feature c. function
15. The architect should balance the weather resistance of glass and ……..metals against
their high thermal conductivity.
a. bright b. light c. solar
16. Planning for use is concerned with convenience of …….and rest.
a. movement b. parts c. requirements
17. A ……..house has separate areas for cooking, eating, sleeping, storage, and recreation.
a. ancient b. primitive c. modern
18. Major expenses in building are for……., materials, and labor.
a. habits b. land c. phrase
19. To make buildings ……..and comfortable, the architect must control the effects of natural
environment.
a. habitual b. habitable c. hospitable
Task 2: True/Fall Statements
Read the passage carefully and decide whether the following statements are True (T)
or False (F).
1. Architecture should fulfill requirements of primitive people.
2. Without architecture, man is confined to a primitive struggle with the elements.
3. Structures should be built according to aesthetic and functional criteria.
4. There is no difference between a work of architecture and other man-made structures.
5. The stability and permanence of the work’s construction is constant for all types of
buildings.
6. In a factory, utility and communication are of equal importance.
Task 3: Match items in column A with items in column B using the information from
the passage.
A B
1. To make buildings habitable and a. the environment by the design of

comfortable, the architect …. architectural forms.
2. Trees, land formations, and other b. is an effective tool of environmental

buildings create… control.
3. Planning may control… c. room with a hearth area.
4. Extremes of heat and cold… d. must control the effects of the natural
environment.
5. The choice of material and pigments…` e. light and sounds penetrate into the interior.
6. A primitive house has a single… f. a nave, aisles, choir, apse, chapels, crypt,
sacristy and ambulatory.
7. A Roman Catholic Cathedral may g. shade and reduce or intensify wind.

require….
Task 4: Read the passage again and answer the following questions.
1. What is architecture defined?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What are characteristics of an architectural construction?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What does an architect plan for his/her work?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Task 5: Complete the following table with the words provided in the box.
Theatres, hospitals, guardhouses, capitols, schools, stores, prisons, parliament

buildings, museums, shrines, court houses, villas, circuses, athletic facilities,
factories, huts, banks, exhibition halls, mines, churches, libraries, apartment
houses, markets, publishing houses, mansions, post-offices, laboratories.
Architectural Categories Architectural works
Domestic Architecture ………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………..
Religious Architecture ………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………..
Governmental ………………………………………………………………
Architecture ………………………………………………………………
Architecture of Welfare ………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………
and Education
Commercial and Industrial ………………………………………………………………

Architecture ………………………………………………………………
MODULE 2: HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE
 Lead-in Activity
Guess what world wonders these pictures are about.
1. 2.
3. 4.
 Passage 1: Ancient Greek Architecture
The Athenian Acropolis
As one of the world’s oldest cities Athens boasts a wealth of splendid relics of
Hellenic art, some of which are more than 3,000 years old. The Acropolis, the Greek for
upper town, the gem of the world architecture, stands on a low rocky hill and contains the
ruins of several ancient Greek architectural monuments.
The Parthenon, a stately building with an eight-column façade, was built by Ictinus
and Callicrates in 447-38 BC. The temple was designed to serve as an exquisite, imposing
architectural frame for a stupendous gold and ivory statue of Athena, the goddess in the
Greek pantheon watching over the city. This no longer extant statue, which stood in the
anterior of the shrine, was held in deep reverence.
Next to the Parthenon is another shrine, an Ionic temple of Athena, the Erechtheum,
built by an anonymous architect in 421-06 BC. Its refined loveliness and proportions are a
very bit as enchanting as the monumental grandeur of the Parthenon. It has the unparalleled
portrayal of a contemporary event on the frieze of the building: the possession of citizens in
the yearly festival in honor of Athena. Built on an awkward site, it also had to serve different
cults, which meant that its architect had to design a building with three porches and three
different floor levels. Its Catyalid porch, with figures of women for columns, makes use of an
old Oriental motif that had appeared earlier, in Archaic treasuries at Delphi. The monumental
gateway to the Acropolis, the propylaea was designed by Mnesicles, who had to adapt the
rigid conventions of colonnade construction to steeply rising site. In the precision and finish
of their execution, which complements the brilliant innovation of their design, these three
buildings had no rival in the Greek world.
1. The Acropolis means ………..
a. upper town. b. a platform. c. front elevation
2. The Acropolis is the gem of …….architecture.
a. European b. contemporary c. world
3. The Parthenon was built by ………..
a. an anonymous architect. b. Imhotep. c. Ictinus and Callicrates.
4. The Parthenon was a display place for a great statue of……..
a. Hera. b. Athena. c. Alexander the Great.
5. The temple was designed to serve as a/an ………, imposing architectural frame for the
statue of Athena.
a. exquisite b. rocky c. deep
6. The Erechtheum was built by a/an ……..architect.
a. famous b. talented c. anonymous
7. The Erechtheum was designed to serve different ……..
a. cults. b. architects. c. cities.
8. The porch of the Erechtheum has figures of ……………for columns.
a. Atlases b. Caryatids c. Sphixes
9. Its caryatid porch features an old ………motif.
a. Oriental b. monumental c. world
10. In the Propylaea the rigid conventions of colonnade construction was adapted to a steeply
rising …………
a. floor. b. building. c. site.
11. The Propylaea was ……….to the Acropolis.
a. a temple b. the monumental gateway c. staircase
Task 2: True/False Statements
Read the passage carefully and decide whether the following statements are True (T)
or False (F).
1. The Parthenon is a stately building with six-column façade.
2. The Parthenon was designed to serve as an imposing architectural frame for a gold and
ivory statue of Athena.
3. The statue of Athena is not existent.
4. The Erechtheum is a Corinthian temple.
5. The architect of the Erechtheum had to design a building with three different floor levels.
6. The Propylaea was built by Callierates.
7. The most impressive examples of Greek architecture are the buildings constructed for
Athenian Acropolis.
Task 3: Read the passage again and answer the following questions
1. What were the major buildings of the Acropolis?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. How was the Temple Erechtheum built?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Passage 2: Roman Architecture
Modern knowledge of Roman architecture derives primarily from extant remains

scattered throughout the areas of the empire. Some are well preserved, and others are known
only in fragments and by theoretical restoration. Another source of information is a vast store
of records. Especially important is a book on architecture by the architect Vitruvius. His De
Architectura (c. 27 BC) is the only treatise survived from ancient times. It consists of ten
books and covers almost every aspect on architecture.
Pervasive Roman predilection was for spatial composition- the organization of lines,
surfaces, masses, and volumes in space. In this the Romans differed from their predecessors
in the ancient Mediterranean world.
In Roman architecture there were three types of houses: The domus, the insula, and
the villa.
The domus, or town house, consisted of suites of rooms grouped around a central hall,
or atrium, to which were often added further suites at the rear, grouped around a colonnaded
court, or peristyle. The atrium: a rectangular room with an opening in the roof to the sky, and
its adjoining rooms were peculiarly Roman elements; the peristyle was Greek or Middle
Eastern. There were few windows on the street, light being obtained from the atrium or
peristyle.
Great blocks of flats or tenements were called insulae. Excavations at Ostia, Italy,
have revealed the design of these blocks. Planed on three or four floors with strict regard to
economy of space, they depend on light from the exterior as well as from a central court.
Independent apartments had separate entrances with direct access to the street.
The Latin word villa pertained to an estate, complete with house, grounds and
subsidiary buildings.
The Romans were great builders and engineers famous for their factories, roads,
aqueducts and bridges, grand thermos and amphitheatres, theatres, and temples..
The largest and most important amphitheatres of Rome was the Colosseum, built by
the emperor Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian in about AD 70/75-82. Covering six acres (2, 4
hectares), it had seating for about 50,000 spectators, and its 80 entrances were so arranged
that the building could be cleared quickly. The whole is built of concrete, the exterior faced
with travertine and the interior with precious marbles.
1. Pervasive Roman predilection was for ……..
a. construction materials b. spatial composition c. chronological organization
2. The organization of lines, surfaces,………. is preference in spatial composition of Roman

architecture.
a. masses and volumes b. and patterns c. and rooms
3. The domus consisted of suites of rooms grouped around a central hall, or ………….
a. fireplace b. atrium c. patio
4. Domus means ……..
a. forum b. town-house c. basilica
5. Villa means an estate, complete with house, grounds and ……..buildings.
a. high-rising b. wooded c. subsidiary
6. Blocks of flats are…..
a. insulae b. order c. porticos
7. The Romans were great builders and engineers famous for their factories, roads, aqueducts
and bridges, grand ………..and amphitheatres, theatres, and temples.
a. stadiums b. circuses c. thermos
8. The largest and most important ……….of Rome was the Colosseum, built by the emperor
Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian in about AD 70/75-82.
a. temple b. palace c. amphitheatre
Task 5: Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. The Roman Architecture preferred ………..
a. the borrowing of styles from other civilization.
b. spatial composition.
c. construction techniques of earlier civilizations.
2. The domus consisted of ………
a. three or four floors.
b. suits of rooms grouped around a central hall.
c. two or three rooms with few windows.
3. Insulae were planned …..
a. to impress by their grandeur.
b. around a colonnaded court.
c. with strict regard to economy of space.
4. The colosseum was the most important …….
a. temple of antiquity.
b. theatre of ancient Greece.
c. amphitheatre of ancient Rome.
Task 6: Read the passage again and answer the following questions:
1. What type of composition did the Romans prefer?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What types of houses are there in the Roman architecture?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Task 7: Read the passages again and complete the following table.
Architecture Architectural work Periods Architectural Features

Categories
-built by Ictinus and Callicrates.
- Greek (1)…….. (2)………………………………...

- The Parthenon.
Architecture ……………………………………
……………………………………
- built by an anonymous architect
(3)……….. (4)……………….. (5)………
(6)……………………………….
…………………………………
………………………………..
-built by the emperor Vespasian,
Titus, and Domitian.
(7)……….. (8)………………… (9)………. (10)……………………………..

…………………………………..
………………………………….
MODULE 3: HISTORY OF THE HOUSE BUILDING
Match these pictures with types of houses
1. 2.
3. 4.
Types of Houses:
a. Skyscraper b. Villa c. Terraced House d. Apartment building
 Follow-up questions:
1. Which type of building do you prefer to live in?
2. How different are types of buildings across periods in terms of architectural

features?
 Passage 1: The Spanish House
Spanish architecture has always had a roman appeal, and when well designed, this
type of house has a definite charm.
The Spanish house is particularly suitable for warm, dry climates.
The following are the characteristics of the Spanish house:
- Stucco-covered walls, white or tinted;
- Low-pitched tile roof with broad overhang;
- Arcaded porches surrounding an inner court (frequently);
- Floors paved with brick or tile;
- Beautiful wrought-iron decoration;
- Colorful tile trim around doors and on stair risers.
Task 1: Label parts of the Spanish house using the information from the passage.
 Use the characteristics of the Spanish House to describe it in a short oral form. This
report includes the following things:
 Where the Spanish house is built;
 What the Spanish house is characterized by? E.g. The Spanish House
has stucco-covered walls or walls in white or tinted color.
 Passage 2: Tudor and Elizabethan Prototypes
The Tudor Half-timber Manor House:
Having been long used in Europe, the half-timber house reached its most elaborate
form in England in the latter part of the sixteenth century. Half-timber construction consists
of large wooden columns and beams for structural components, with plaster or masonry. This
style, founded on the Gothic, is commonly referred to as Tudor.
The half-timber Tudor house is characterized by the following:
- Two or three stories;
- Half-timber construction;
- Second-story overhang (frequently);
- Sharp gables;
- Small-paned windows.
The Elizabethan Manor House:
During the reign of Elizabeth I, the Gothic design in architecture was merged with the
new Dutch influence and resulted in the great, ornate-gabled house known as the Elizabethan.
The Elizabethan manor house is characterized by the following:
- Rambling design-often E-shaped;
- Two or three stories hugging the ground;
- Stone and brick construction;
- Sharp gables, reflecting Dutch influence;
- Gables crowned with balustrades (frequently);
- Many bay windows with small, leaded panes;
- Doorways recessed in round or Tudor-arch framing;
- Numerous columned chimneys; exterior chimneys common.
 Some types of houses in Britain
1. Hut 5. Rambler
- A small, simple dwelling or - A one-story house with a low-

shelter, especially on made of natural pitched roof, especially one built in the
materials. suburbs.
2. Detached house 6. Bungalow
- A house having no wall in - A derivative of the Indian

common with another house. bungalow, popular especially in the first
quarter of the 20th century, usually having
3. Semidetached house
one or one-and-a-half stories, a widely
- A house joined by a party wall to bracketed gable roof, a large porch, and
another house or row of houses. often built of rustic materials.
4. Duplex house
- A house having separate

apartments for two families, especially a
7. Terrace
two-story house having a complete
apartment on each floor and two separate - A row of houses or residential street
entrances, Also called duplex. on or near the top of a slope. Terrace house
is one of a row of houses situated on a - A building containing a number of
terraced site. apartment units. Also called apartment
house.
8. Town-house
10. Penthouse
- One of a row of houses in a city
joined by common sidewalks. - An apartment or residence on the
top floor or roof of a building, often set
back from the outer walls and opening
9. Apartment Building onto a terrace.
Task 2: Use the information from the passage to complete the following sentences.
1. The half-timber house reached its most ………..form in England in the latter part of the
sixteenth century.
a. traditional b. modern c. elaborate
2. Half-timber construction consists of large wooden ……………. for structural components,

with plaster or masonry
a. metal columns and beams
b. concrete columns and beams
c. wooden columns and beams
3. The Half-timer House construction usually has ……..and small-paned windows.
a. sharp gables b. first-storey overhang c. metal frame
4. The Elizabethan Manor House has …………
a. metal construction b. stone and brick construction c. glass construction
5. The Elizabethan Manor House is usually characterized by gables crowned with balustrades
and …….
a. no windows b. large-paned windows c. bay windows with small, leaded panes.
6. There are ……………..in the Elizabethan Manor House.
a. chimneys b. parking garages c. lakes
Task 3: Complete the following tables using the information from the passage.
Types Numbers Walls Windows Gables Construction Distinguishing
Materials Features
of houses of Floors /Doors
The Tudor
Half-timber
house
The
Elizabethan
Manor
House
Task 4: Label these pictures with types of house in Britain
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
 Types of Houses in Britain:
a. Hut b. Detached house c. Semidetached house d. Duplex house
e. Rambler f. Bungalow g. Terrace h. Townhouse
i. Apartment house j. Penthouse
MODULE 4: FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF
AN EFFICIENT AND ATTRACTIVE HOUSE
 Lead-in Questions
1. What types of houses do you prefer to live in?
2. What do you often consider before building or

buying a house?
The ultimate goal when planning a owners have sold their homes because they
home should be the integration of the basic had been influenced by others’ advice
requirements for an efficient and attractive rather than by their own everyday living
home: function, economy, beauty and concerns. This pitfall may be avoided if
individuality. the home owner carefully and accurately
assesses his or her household’s needs- now
Function:
and in the near future.
To be livable, a house should fulfill
Selecting the site is probably the
its intended function: to satisfy the needs
most important-and the most difficult-
of the people for which it is designed.
decision of the entire project. Before
making the selection, the prospective home
owner should have the general plan of the
house in mind. Not until the site has been
decided on, however, should that plan be
finalized. If the prospective home owner is
planning to build, many factors are to be
considered before the building site is
purchased. Such things as schools,
transportation, availability of police and
The prospective owner may therefore want the protection, the neighbor, water, power,
to carefully consider many things long sewage disposal, garbage collection, and
before the plan of the house is begun or a taxes should be investigated.
purchase has been made. Members of
household should ask themselves Economy:
numerous questions concerning their life- A home is probably the largest
style. With deep and costly regrets, many single investment a buyer will ever make.
Receiving the best value possible for every
dollar spent is, therefore, highly important
for the owner. The owner should study
costs on paper and should look carefully at
his or her resources, abilities, time and
energies. The initial cost of buying a home
is only the beginning, payments must
continue.
A good design can pay for itself in Beauty has been described as that
good living and can increase the value of quality which pleases the senses and lifts
the house over the years. The services of a the spirits. Authorities in the interior
good architect are invaluable, but if the design field generally agree that beauty in
buyer cannot afford one, he or she may any object is achieved through the
want to select a good stock plan that an application of the principles of design and
architect has designed. A simple house a skillful use of the elements, unified by a
plan can maximize space and minimize basic theme. Any house designed with
cost. Most houses are based on one of six these principles and elements in mind,
plans: the rectangle, and the H, U, T, L, regardless of the style, ought to appear
and E. of these plans, the rectangle, the L pleasing and have resale value.
and the U are the most common.
Individuality:
A unified theme is important;
unnecessary mixing of materials should be Individuality is an elusive quality,
avoided. Any building material, no matter particularly in a house. It develops slowly
how old or new, should be used and naturally with the personality of the
appropriately. Simplicity is the key to household. In custom-built homes, this
well-designed home. development is not difficult, but in-look-
alike subdivisions and in mobile home
Beauty: areas, the challenge for each owner is to
A house, to be a satisfactory home, give his or her dwelling that personal mark
should appear pleasing to those who live in which makes it different.
it and ought to have a certain intrinsic
beauty. What is beauty, and what makes a
home appear beautiful?
1. A house should fulfill its intended………..: to satisfy the needs of the people for which it
is designed.
a. dream b. beauty c. function
2. Members of household should ask themselves numerous questions concerning their ……...
a. jobs b. life-style c. children
3. If the prospective home owner is planning to build, many factors are to be considered
before the building ……….. is purchased.
a. cost b. material c. site
4. The ……….. of a good architect are invaluable, but if the buyer cannot afford one, he or
she may want to select a good stock plan that an architect has designed
a. qualifications b. services c. roles
5. The owner should study costs on paper and should look carefully at his or her resources,
abilities, time and energies.
a. How much money he spends.
b. How much money he earns.
c. How long he intends to live in a house.
6. Most houses are based on one of six ………..: the rectangle, and the H, U, T, L, and E. of
these plans, the rectangle, the L and the U are the most common.
a. letters b. symbol c. plans
7. ……….. is the key to well-designed home.
a. Complexity b. Simplicity c. Modernity
8. …………... has been described as that quality which pleases the senses and lifts the spirits.
a. Function b. Economy c. Beauty
9. Authorities in the interior design field generally agree that beauty in any object is achieved
through the application of the ………. and a skillful use of the elements, unified by a basic
theme.
a. construction material b. principles of design c. construction techniques
10. ………… develops slowly and naturally with the personality of the household.
a. Individuality b. Economy c. Beauty
Task 2: Match items in column A with items in column B.
A B
1. Function a. The buyer should take into careful consideration financial

resources, values of a house over time before buying a house.
2. Economy b. The house reflects the personality of the house owner.
3. Beauty c. The house is to satisfy the buyer’s needs.
3. Individuality d. The house pleases the buyer’s senses and raises his/her
spirits.
Task 3: Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions.
1. What are required of an efficient and attractive house?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. How does a house meet function; economy; beauty; and individuality requirements?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..............................................
................................................................................................................................................
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
MODULE 5: INTERIOR DESIGN OF A ROOM
Describe your house rooms.
1. How many rooms are there in your

house?
2. What pieces of furniture are in each

room?
3. How are furniture pieces in your house rooms arranged?
 Principles of a Room Design: bisymmetrical. It requires more thought

and imagination, but once achieved,
Balance:
remains interesting for a longer time. In
Balance is that quality in a room this type of balance, objects of different
which gives a sense of equilibrium and sizes, shapes and colors may be used in an
repose. It is a sense of weight as the eye infinite number of ways.
perceives it. The three types of balance are
bisymmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial.
Bisymmetrical or formal balance is

that in which identical objects are arranged
similarly on each side of an imaginary line.
Two small objects may balance one large

one, a small, shiny object may balance a
large, dull one, a spot of bright color may
balance a large area of neutral, and a large
object moved closer to a central point may
balance a smaller one pushed farther away.
Traditional decorating employs a No measurement will indicate at what
predominance of this type of balance. Most point these different items should be
composition needs some bisymmetry. placed. The point at which balance is
achieved must be sensed. Contemporary
Asymmetrical, informal, occult, or interiors are predominantly asymmetrical
optical balance is more subtle than in balance.
Radial balance is that in which all Repetition is rhythm established by
the elements of the design radiate from a repeating color, pattern, texture, line or
central point. form.
For example, a color in the upholstery

This balance is most often seen in a room fabric of a sofa can be repeated on a chair
in which chairs surround a round dining seat, or a pair of identical chairs, tables, or
table or coffee table. lamps can be placed in a room, thus
The architectural background, introducing rhythm by repetition and
which include doors, windows, paneling, providing unity.
and fireplaces, should be arranged so that Gradation or progression is rhythm
the room has a feeling of equilibrium. produced by the succession of the size of
Opposite walls should have a comfortable an object from large to small or of a color
feeling of balance through the pleasant from dark to light.
distribution of high, low, large, and small
objects. Most rooms need both
bisymmetrical and asymmetrical balance.
Radial balance, which requires more space,
is less often used.
Rhythm
Rhythm is an intangible component

of a composition. Rhythm to most people
suggests a flowing quality, but in interiors Opposition is found in a
is something that assists the eye in moving composition wherever lines come together
easily about a room from one area to at right angles (as in the corners of a
another. This principle can be achieved square window frame),
through repetition, gradation, opposition,
transition, and radiation.
where a straight fireplace lintel meets an focal point, can bring a feeling of order
upright support, or wherever a horizontal and unity into a room, and all other
line of furniture meets a vertical groupings should be subordinated to it.
architectural member.
Transition is rhythm found in a

curved line that carries the eye easily over
an architectural element,
A common focal point is the fireplace,

which radiates warmth and hospitality and
is a natural site for a main seating
arrangement. In the absence of the
fireplace, a dominant architectural feature-
such as an arched window, or around an such as a wall of books or a beautiful
item of furnishing, such as drapery swags window-can be emphasized. When an
or a circular chair. architectural point of interest is lacking,
one should be created by decorative means.
Radiation is a method of rhythm in The following elements will assist the
which lines extend outward from a central interior designer in creating, emphasizing,
axis. or enhancing a point of interest.
Color is probably the most

important element by which a grouping
may be brought into immediate focus. This
element should be used artfully in
achieving the right amount of emphasis.
The use of colors that are too demanding
should be avoided.
This pattern is usually found in the Comfortable furniture should be
accessories of a room, such as in lighting placed in a friendly, inward-facing
fixtures or in a bouquet of flowers. arrangement, focusing on the point of
Emphasis emphasis. A convenient opening should be
left so that the relationship to the rest of
Emphasis in a room refers to the the room is inviting.
focal point or center of interest. In every
well-planned room, one feature should
repeatedly draw the eye. This emphasis, or
Lighting can be used to tie the sometimes necessary, which can be
group together, to dramatize, to attract accompanied by skillful furniture
attention, and to create a focal point. placement and by the use of screens and
dividers.
Accessories should be chosen with
discrimination. When well chosen and d. Furnishings should be arranged
artistically arranged, accessories can give to give the room a sense of equilibrium.
importance and individuality to a room in a Opposite walls should seem balanced so
unique way. that the room will be at rest. When neither
architectural features nor furniture
 Guidelines in Furniture Arrangement:
distribution can create this sense, it may be
achieved through the knowledgeable use of
color, fabrics, and accessories.
e. A good balance of high and low

angular and rounded furniture should be
achieved. When furniture is all or
predominantly low, the feeling of height
may be created by incorporating shelves,
mirrors, pictures, and hangings into
a. Each room should be planned
grouping.
with a purpose in mind. A decision should
be made on who will use the room and for f. Architectural and mechanical
what purpose. features should be considered. Nothing
should interfere with the opening of
b. Furniture should be in keeping
widows, swinging of doors, or heating or
with the scale of the room. The overall
air-conditioning devices. Lamps should be
dimensions and the architectural
placed near electrical outlets.
background should determine the size and
general feeling of the furnishings. g. A room should not be
overcrowded. Under-furnishing a room is
c. Space for traffic should be
always better than over-furnishing.
provided. Doorways should be free.
h. Large pieces of furniture-
particularly case pieces- are usually better
placed parallel to the walls.
Major traffic lanes should be unobstructed

by furniture. Redirecting traffic is
In some contemporary rooms, however, j. The heaviest furniture grouping
the major seating arrangement based on a should be arranged along the highest wall
diagonal plan can be effective in rooms with slanting ceilings.
i. Pushing large pieces tightly into a

corner, or close against floor-to-ceiling
windows should be avoided.
1. Balance is that quality in a room which gives a sense of …………………...
a. disorder and disturbance b. disorganization and noise c. equilibrium and repose
2. The similar arrangement of the same objects on each side of an imaginary line
creates ………balance.
a. asymmetrical b. bisymmetrical c. radial
3. An example of …………balance is that two small objects may balance one large object.
4. The arrangement of chairs surrounding a round dining table or coffee table is an example
of ………..balance.
5. The architectural background, which include doors, windows, paneling, and fireplaces,
should be arranged so that the room has a feeling of equilibrium.
a. space b. plan c. design
6. ……… can be achieved through repetition, gradation, opposition, transition, and radiation.
a. Emphasis b. Balance c. Rhythm
7. The same color of chairs and a table is an example of ……….in rhythm.
A. gradation b. repetition c. radiation
8. …………. is rhythm found in a curved line that carries the eye easily over an architectural
element.
a. Gradation b. Repetition c. Transition
9. The placement of a fireplace in the center of a room expresses……….
A. balance b. emphasis c. rhythm
10. Emphasis in a room can be achieved through the appropriate use and arrangement of
colors, furniture, lighting, and accessories.
a. ornaments b. ceilings c. floors
Task 2: Match items in column A with items in column B.
A B
1. Balance…. a. is that in which all the elements of the design radiate

from a central point.
2. Bisymmetrical balance….. b. is rhythm found in a curved line that carries the eye
easily over an architectural element.
3. Asymmetrical balance….. c. is expressed by the distribution of a color from dark to

light in a room.
4. Radial balance…. d. shows a spot of bright color may balance a large area of
neutral.
5. Rhythm….. e. is found in a composition wherever lines come together

at right angles.
6. Repetition…. f. is the arrangement of furniture around a central axis.
7. Opposition…. g. gives a sense of equilibrium and repose in a room.
8. Gradation ….. h. makes the eye move easily about a room from one area
to another.
9. Transition… i. is rhythm established by repeating color, pattern, texture,

line or form.
10. Radiation…. j. is the arrangement of furniture pieces around a central

piece as a focal central in a room.
11. Emphasis…. k. shows that people arrange the same objects in a room
similarly on each side of an imaginary line.
Task 3: Match guidelines in furniture arrangement in the passage with these pictures.
What pictures show what guidelines. Explain your answers.
1. 2.
3. 4.
Task 4: Design or find on the internet a picture of a room with pieces of furniture.
Explain what guidelines in furniture arrangement are applied.
GLOSSARY
 MODULE 1
- Architecture / ˈɑːrkɪtektʃər / (n): Kiến trúc, ngành kiến trúc.

- Architect / ˈɑːrkɪtekt / (n) kiến trúc sư
- Technique / tekˈniːk / (n): kỹ thuật
- Employ / ɪmˈplɔɪ / (n): sử dụng
- Fulfill / fʊlˈfɪl /(v): đáp ứng
- Requirement / rɪˈkwaɪərmənt /(n): đòi hỏi
- Civilized / ˈsɪvəlaɪzd /(a): văn minh
- Civilization/ ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃn /(n): nền văn minh
- Primitive / ˈprɪmətɪv / (a): nguyên thuỷ, cổ xưa, ban đầu
- Element / ˈelɪmənt / (n): thành phần, thành tố
- Defense / dɪˈfens / (n): phòng thủ, bảo vệ
- Prerequisite / ˌpriːˈrekwəzɪt / (n): điều kiện tiên quyết
- Characteristic / ˌkærəktəˈrɪstɪk / (n): đặc điểm
- Distinguish / dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ / (v): phân biệt
- Suitability / ˌsuːtəˈbɪləti/ (n): sự thích hợp
- Adaptability / əˌdæptəˈbɪləti/ (n): khả năng thích hợp, khả năng thích ứng
- Stability / stəˈbɪləti /(n): tính ổn định
- Permanence / ˈpɜːrmənəns /(n): tính lâu dài, tính vĩnh cửu
- Communication / kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn / (n): truyền thông, thông tin, tin tức, chuyển tải thông tin
- Constant / ˈkɑːnstənt /(n): hằng số, bất biến
- Function / ˈfʌŋkʃn /(n): chức năng, công dụng
- Utilitarian / ˌjuːtɪlɪˈteriən /(a): thiết thực, thật tế
- Expressive / ɪkˈspresɪv /(a): biểu cảm, đầy cảm xúc, có ý nghĩa
- Monument / ˈmɒnjumənt /(n): công trình kỷ niệm, đài kỷ niệm, di tích, toà nhà được bảo
tồn vì có ý nghĩa lịch sử
- Monumental / ˌmɒnjuˈmentl / (a): thuộc về công trình kỷ niệm, di tích, lớn/vĩ đại (công
trình kiến trúc), tiêu biểu
- Planning / ˈplænɪŋ / (n): sự lập kế hoạch, quy hoạch
- Environment / ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt / (n): môi trường, điều kiện bên ngoài tác động con người
- Hindrance / ˈhɪndrəns / (n): sự cản trở (đối với sự phát triển)
- Repel / rɪˈpel / (v): chống lại, đẩy lùi
- Habitable / ˈhæbɪtəbl (a): có thể ở được
- Effect / ɪˈfekt /(n): tác động, ảnh hưởng
- Moisture / ˈmɔɪstʃər /(n): hơi ẩm
- Foresee / fɔːˈsiː / (v): đoán trước, biết trước, nhìn thấy trước
- Potentiality / pəˌtenʃiˈæləti /(n): tiềm tàng, nguy cơ tiềm ẩn
- Placement / ˈpleɪsmənt / (n): đặt vị trí
- Site / saɪt / (n): chổ xây dựng, địa điểm
- Fundamental / ˌfʌndəˈmentl /(a), (n): cơ bản, chủ yếu, nguyên tác cơ bản
- Aesthetics / iːsˈθetɪks / (n) thẩm mỹ, mỹ học
- Orientation / ˌɔːriənˈteɪʃn /(n): hướng (nhà)
- Axis / ˈæksɪs /(n): trục
- Device / dɪˈvaɪs /(n): kỹ thuật, phương pháp, thiết bị
- Circulation / ˌsɜːkjəˈleɪʃn / (n): lưu thông (không khí, nước)
- Shade / ʃeɪd /(n): bong (cây; ngôi nhà)
- Form / fɔːm /(n): hình dạng, hình thái
- Absorption / əbˈsɔːpʃn / (n): sự hấp thụ (nhiệt, ánh sáng)
- Material / məˈtɪəriəl /(n): vật liệu, nguyên liệu
- Withstand / wɪðˈstænd /(n): chống lại, chịu đựng (điều kiện thời tiết)
- Human beings (n): loài người
- Balance / ˈbæləns /(v), (n): cân bằng
- Resistance / rɪˈzɪstəns / (n): chống lại, tính chịu đựng
- Interior / ɪnˈtɪəriə(r) / (n) # exterior (n): phần bên trong (ngôi nhà), nội thất
- Penetrate / ˈpenətreɪt / (v) (into sth): đi vào, xuyên qua, xâm nhập vào (nhiệt, ánh sáng)
- Furnishings / ˈfɜːnɪʃɪŋz / (n) đồ đạc (trong phòng: tủ, bàn, ghế,..)
- Insulation / ˌɪnsjuˈleɪʃn / (n): sự cách nhiệt, âm thanh, điện
- Differentiation /ˌdɪfəˌrenʃiˈeɪʃn/ (n): khác biệt, phân biệt
 MODULE 2
- Ancient / ˈeɪnʃənt / (a): cổ đại
- Boast / bəʊst / (v): lấy làm kêu hãnh
- Relic / ˈrelɪk /(n): dinh tích, dấu tích
- Splendid / ˈsplendɪd / (a): nguy nga, lộng lẫy, tráng lệ
- Ruins / ˈruːɪns /(n): tàn tích (của những cái gì đã đổ nát)
- Parthenon (n): đền thờ nữ thần Athena ở Acropolis
- Column / ˈkɒləm /(n): cột, trụ
- Façade / fəˈsɑːd /(n): bề mặt ngoài của một công trình
- Exquisite / ɪkˈskwɪzɪt /(a): cực kỳ đẹp, tinh tế
- Frame / freɪm /(n):cấu trúc, khung
- Stupendous / stjuːˈpendəs /(a): kỳ diệu, vô cùng quan trọng
- Ivory / ˈaɪvəri /(n),(a): ngà voi, làm bằng ngà voi
- Pantheon / ˈpænθiən /(n):dền bách thần (thờ các vị thần cổ Hy lạp và La mã)
- Extant / ekˈstænt /(a): hiện còn, hiện có
- Anterior / ænˈtɪəriə(r) /(n): ở phía trước (về vị trí và không gian)
- Shrine / ʃraɪn /(n): đền thờ, miếu thờ, lăng, mộ
-Reverence / ˈrevərəns /(n):sự tôn kính, sự tôn sùng
- Anonymous / əˈnɒnɪməs /(a): giấu tên, ẩn danh
- Grandeur / ˈɡrændʒə(r) /(n): vẻ hùng vĩ, vẻ nghiêm trang
- Cult / kʌlt /(n): hệ thống thờ cúng tôn giáo (nghi thức)
- Porch / pɔːtʃ /(n): cổng vòm (cổng có mái che dẫn vào toà nhà, nhà thờ), cổng vòm ở thành
a-ten
- Gateway / ˈɡeɪtweɪ /(n): cổng ra vào, cửa ngõ
- Propylaeum (n): cửa đền
- Convention / kənˈvenʃn /(n): quy tắc
- Rigid / ˈrɪdʒɪd /(a): Khắc khe
- Steep / stiːp / (a): dốc, dốc đứng
- Empire / ˈempaɪə(r) /(n): đế chế
- Predilection / ˌpriːdɪˈlekʃn /(n): sự ưa thích, ưa chuộng hơn
- Spatial / ˈspeɪʃl / (a): thuộc về không gian
- Composition / ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn / (n): kết cấu, bố cục
- Volume / ˈvɒljuːm / (n): khối tròn
- Predecessor / ˈpriːdɪsesə(r) /(n): người tiền nhiệm
- Mediterranean / ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən /(a): thuộc về Địa Trung Hải
- Court / kɔːt /(n): sân nhà, cung điện (vua)
- Atrium / ˈeɪtriəm /(n): cửa
- Economy / ɪˈkɒnəmi /(n): sự tiết kiệm
- Entrance / ˈentrəns / (n): cổng vào, lối vào
- Access / ˈækses /(n): đi vào nơi nào đó, đường vào
- Estate / ɪˈsteɪt /(n): vùng đất, bất động sản
- Subsidiary / səbˈsɪdiəri / (a): gắn vào, phụ
- Sumptuous / ˈsʌmptʃuəs /(a): xa hoa
- Concrete / ˈkɒŋkriːt /(a), (n): làm bằng bê-tông, bê tông
- Aqueduct / ˈækwɪdʌkt /(n): cống dẫn nước
- Thermos / ˈθɜːməʊs /(n): bể tắm
- Amphitheatre / ˈæmfɪθɪətə(r) /(n): đấu trường
- Spectator / spekˈteɪtə(r) /(n): khan giả
- Travertine (n): đá vôi có những chổ hổng dùng trong xây dựng
- Marble / ˈmɑːbl /(n): đá cẩm thạch, đá hoa
 MODULE 3
- Stucco / ˈstʌkəʊ /(n): vữa (trát lên trần nhà, tuờng)
- Low-pitched (a): mái thấp
- Tile / taɪl /(n): ngói, đá lát
- Overhang / əʊvəˈhæŋ/ (n): độ nhô ra của mái nhà
- Pave / peɪv /(v): lát (đường, sàn nhà)
- Riser / ˈraɪzə(r) / (n): ván đứng (giữa hai bậc cầu thang)
- Half-timber (n) nhà có tường làm bằng khung gỗ có lắp đá, gạch vào tường.
- Elaborate / ɪˈlæbərət/ (a): trao chuốt, công phu, lộng lẫy
- Beam / biːm /(n): xà, rầm (đặt nằm ngang căn phòng để chịu tải của tầng trên)
- Masonry / ˈmeɪsənri / (n): phần xây dựng bằng đá, khối bê tông
- Storey / ˈstɔːri /(n): tầng nhà
- Gable / ˈɡeɪbl /(n): cột chống, thanh chống (kiến trúc), hình đầu hồi
- Sharp / ʃɑːp /(a): sắc, nhọn
- Small-paned (a):ô kính nhỏ
- Ornate-gabled (a) có đầu hồi, giống hình đầu hồi trang trí công phu
- Balustrade / ˌbæləˈstreɪd /(n): dàn chấn song, hàng chấn song
- Arch / ɑːtʃ / (n): vòm, hình cung
- Chimney / ˈtʃɪmni /(n): ống khói
- Hut / hʌt /(n): nhà gỗ tạm, túp lều
- Detached / dɪˈtætʃt / (a): đơn lập, tách riêng, rời ra
- Semidetached (a): liên kế, chung tường, liền vách.
- Duplex / ˈdjuːpleks / (a): song lập, phân đôi, toà nhà phân đôi hai nhà, căn hộ có hai tầng.
- Rambler/ ˈræmblə(r) /(n): nhà một tầng mái thấp ở ngoại ô
- Bungalow / ˈbʌŋɡələʊ / (n): nhà gỗ một tầng
- Terrace / ˈterəs / (n) : dãy nhà liên tục tạo thành một khối
- Town-house (n) dãy nhà kề nhau có chung lối đi bộ trước nhà
- Apartment Building (n): nhà chung cư
- Penthouse / ˈpenthaʊs /(n): căn hộ trong chung cư
- Pavilion / pəˈvɪliən /(n): đình, tạ, lầu, nhà nhô ra
 MODULE 4
- Integration / ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn /(n): sự tích hợp
- Individuality / ˌɪndɪˌvɪdʒuˈæləti /(n): tính cách riêng, cá tính
- Purchase / ˈpɜːtʃəs /(v),(n): mua
- Household / ˈhaʊshəʊld /(n): hộ gia đình
- Owner / ˈəʊnə(r) /(n): người chủ (nhà, của hàng..)
- Pitfall / ˈpɪtfɔːl /(n): điều nguy hiểm
- Prospective / prəˈspektɪv /(a): tương lai, sắp tới
- Sewage disposal (n): xử lý nước thải
- Garbage collection (n) thu gom rác
- Investigate / ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt /(v): điều tra
- Economy (n) tính kinh tế
- Investment / ɪnˈvestmənt /(n): sự đầu tư
- Resource/ rɪˈsɔːs /(n): nguồn lực, tài nguyên
- Afford / əˈfɔːd / (v)” đủ tiền để làm gì
- Maximize / ˈmæksɪmaɪz /(v): tối ưu hoá, làm tăng đến tột độ
- Minimize / ˈmɪnɪmaɪz /(v): giảm đến mức tối thiểu
- Plan / plæn / (n): sơ đồ, đồ án (nhà), thiết kế, mặt bằng
- Lifts spirits : thăng hoa tinh thần
- Principles of design : những nguyên tắc thiết kế
- Elusive / iˈluːsɪv /(a): khó hiểu, khó thấy
- Custom-built (a) được xây dựng theo yều cầu của khách hàng
 MODULE 5
- Equilibrium / ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbriəm /n): trạng thái cân bằng, thăng bằng
- Repose / rɪˈpəʊz /(n): sự phối hợp hài hoà, sự yên tĩnh
- Weight / weɪt / (n): khối nặng, tải trọng, sức nặng (kiến trúc)
- Asymmetrical (a) bất đối xứng
- Radial / ˈreɪdiəl /(a): toả ra từ tâm, toả tròn
- Subtle / ˈsʌtl /(a): tinh tế, tài tình, khéo léo
- Contemporary / kənˈtemprəri /(a): cùng một thời, đương thời
- Surround / səˈraʊnd / (v): bao quanh
- Background / ˈbækɡraʊnd /(n): bối cảnh
- Fireplace / ˈfaɪəpleɪs /(n): lò sởi
- Arrange / əˈreɪndʒ /(v): sắp xếp, sắp đặt
- Opposite / ˈɒpəzɪt / (a): đối diện
- Rhythm / ˈrɪðəm /(n): nhịp điệu, nhịp nhàng
- Intangible / ɪnˈtændʒəbl /(a): mơ hồ, không thể thấy được
- Component / kəmˈpəʊnənt /(n): thành phần, phần hợp thành
- Flowing (a): trôi chảy, liên tục
- Repetition / ˌrepəˈtɪʃn /(n): sự lặp lại
- Gradation / ɡrəˈdeɪʃn /(n): sắp đặt theo mức độ tăng dần, thay đổi dần dần từ trạng thái này
sang trạng thái kia
- Opposition / ˌɒpəˈzɪʃn /(n): sự đối lập
- Transition / trænˈzɪʃn /(n): sự đổi kiểu, sự chuyển tiếp
- Radiation / ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn /(n): sự toả ra từ điểm trung tâm
- Pattern / ˈpætn /(n): hoa văn, mẫu vẽ, hoạ tiết
- Texture / ˈtekstʃə(r) /(n): kết cấu (bề ngoài hoặc cảm giác khi sờ vào của một bề mặt)
- Upholstery / ʌpˈhəʊlstəri /(n): bàn ghế, màn thảm
- Identical / aɪˈdentɪkl /(a): giống hệt, y hệt nhau
- Unity / ˈjuːnəti /(n): tính đồng nhất, sự thống nhất
- Succession / səkˈseʃn /(n): sự kế tiếp, sự liên tiếp, sự nối nhau
- Drapery / ˈdreɪpəri /(n): màn cửa
- Accessories / əkˈsesəries /(n): đồ trang trí thêm
- Fixture / ˈfɪkstʃə(r) /(n): đồ đạc cố định
- Bouquet / buˈkeɪ /(n): bó hoa
- Emphasis / ˈemfəsɪs /(n): sự nhấn mạnh
- Focal point (n) tiêu điểm, điểm trung tâm
- Subordinate / səˈbɔːdɪnət/ (v): làm cho cái gì phụ thuộc vào nó
- Enhance / ɪnˈhɑːns /(v): làm tăng, làm nổi bậc
- Guideline / ˈɡaɪdlaɪn /(n): lời khuyên, hướng dẫn
- Doorway / ˈdɔːweɪ /(n): cửa, ô cửa (khoảng trống của khung cửa)
- Interfere (with sth) / ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r) /(v): phá hỏng
- Overcrowded / ˌəʊvəˈkraʊdɪd /(a): quá nhiều thứ
 REFERENCES
1. E.H. Beɜpyyko (2004). English for Architecture and Building Engineering. Russia.
2. Eli bogdanovska. Technical English for the Fourth Year of Technical Schools of
Architecture, Building Engineering and Surveying. Russia.
3. Vi Thị Quốc Khánh (2011). Tiếng Anh Chuyên Ngành Kiến Trúc, xây Dựng, Quy Hoạch
và Kỹ Thuật Xây Dựng Đô Thị. Ha Noi: Construction Publisher.
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO CỘNG HÒA XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIẾN TRÚC ĐÀ NẴNG Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc
ĐỀ CƯƠNG HỌC PHẦN

(SYLLABUS)
1. Tên và mã học phần (Course title)

Tiếng Việt: TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH KIẾN TRÚC - QUY HOẠCH 1
Tiếng Anh: English for Architecture and Planning 1
2. Mã học phần (Code): EAP301
3. Số tín chỉ (Credits): 2
Lý thuyết (Theory) 2 Thực hành (Practice) 0 Tự học (Self-study): 4
4. Tài liệu học tập (Required Textbook)

a. Sách (Textbook)
[1] Hung, B.Q. (2019). English for Architecture and Planning 1. Danang Architecture
University.
b. Tài liệu tham khảo (References)
E.H. Beɜpyyko (2004). English for Architecture and Building Engineering.
Russia.
5. Thông tin về học phần (Course Information)

a. Mục tiêu học phần (Course Objective)
Học phần này giúp sinh viên:
* Từ vựng:
- Nắm vững và sử dụng được thêm các từ vựng liên quan các chủ đề Kiến trúc và Quy
hoạch và Kiến trúc sư, Lịch sử kiến trúc, Lịch sử xây dựng nhà, Yêu cầu cơ bản của ngôi nhà
hiệu quả, đẹp, và Thiết kế nội thất của căn phòng (Áp dụng vào làm các bài tập trắc nghiệm,
điền khuyết, kết hợp, ….)
* Kỹ năng đọc:
- Kỹ năng đọc lướt tìm ý chính và đọc kĩ để tìm các ý chi tiết.
- Kỹ năng đoán nghĩa dựa vào ngữ cảnh, nhận ra từ đồng nghĩa.
- Kỹ năng nhận ra thông tin nào đúng hay sai dựa vào nội dung bài đọc.
- Kỹ năng kết hợp hai phần lại với nhau của một câu (một ý) dựa vào nội dung của
bài đọc.
- Trả lời các câu hỏi ngắn
* Kỹ năng khác:
- Kỹ năng nói theo cấu trúc dựa vào nội dung của bài đọc hiểu.
- Kỹ năng vận dụng và phản ánh (reflecting) những thông tin từ bài đọc hay kiến thức
chuyên môn vào những tình huống tương tự trong thực tế.
* Mục tiêu khác:
- Rèn luyện cho người học các kỹ năng trình bày một số nội dung chuyên ngành bằng
Tiếng Anh, kỹ năng tư duy sáng tạo, kỹ năng làm việc độc lập và làm việc theo nhóm.
Ngoài ra, sinh viên còn có thêm kỹ năng sử dụng từ điển chuyên ngành và tra cứu các tài
liệu bằng Tiếng Anh khác trên mạng Internet.
b. Mô tả vắn tắt học phần (Course Description)

Học phần này cung cấp cho sinh viên những từ vựng, cấu trúc và kiến thức cơ bản có liên
quan đến từng chủ điểm chuyên ngành Kiến trúc và quy hoạch như Kiến trúc và Kiến trúc sư,
Lịch sử kiến trúc, Lịch sử xây dựng nhà, Yêu cầu cơ bản của ngôi nhà hiệu quả, đẹp, và Thiết
kế nội thất của căn phòng. Học phần này còn trang bị cho sinh viên kĩ năng đọc hiểu các đoạn
văn bản chuyên ngành Kiến trúc và Quy hoạch và vận dụng hiểu biết đó vào các tình huống
tương tự trong thực tế.
Học phần này có 05 bài theo từng chủ đề: Architecture and Architects; History of
Architecture; History of the house building, Fundamental requirements of an efficient and
attractive house, Interior design of a room.
This course is expected to develop architecture-majored students’ ability to read
architecture-related materials in English. Therefore, the teaching material is designed
around the topics of architecture, and reading sub-skills such as developing
vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension are included into the material
with the aim to achieve the ultimate goal. The material covers a range of topics,
namely Architecture and Architects; History of Architecture; History of the house building,
Fundamental requirements of an efficient and attractive house; and Interior design of a room.
c. Học phần tiên quyết (Prerequisite Course) (A), học trước (Previous
Course )(B), song hành (Parallel Course)(C)
- (B): Tiếng anh cơ bản 1,2,3,4 (BAE101, BAE102, BAE103, BAE104)
d. Yêu cầu khác (Other Requirement)
- Tham dự lớp theo Quy định của nhà trường
- Có đầy đủ giáo trình và từ điển
6. Chuẩn đầu ra của học phần (Course Learning Outcomes)
CLO1: Hiểu và sử dụng các từ vựng và cấu trúc liên quan đến các chủ đề kiến trúc và
Quy hoạch khác nhau
CLO2: Đọc hiểu các đoạn văn có nội dung liên quan đến các chủ điểm kiến trúc và
Quy hoạch thông qua các bài tập đọc hiểu tìm ý chính và ý chi tiết, nội dung đúng
sai,… từ đó đó hình thành khả năng đọc hiểu tài liệu bằng tiếng anh.
CLO3: Có khả năng chuyển tải nội dung bài đọc từ Tiếng Anh sang Tiếng Việt
CLO4: Có khả năng liên kết kiến thức tiếng anh với kiến thức chuyên môn kiến trúc
và Quy hoạch.
CLO5: Hình thành thái độ, ý thức học tập chủ động, tích cực, kỹ năng làm việc cặp
nhóm trong giải quyết vấn đề.
Ma trận tích hợp giữa chuẩn đầu ra của học phần (CLOs) và chuẩn đầu ra
của chương trình đào tạo (PLOs)
CLOs PLOs
PLO1 PLO2 … … … … … … …
CLO1
CLO2
CLO3
CLO4
CLO5
CLO6
Học phần H L M M L H H M H
Ghi chú: H: Cao, M: Trung bình, L: thấp

7. Lịch trình (Course Schedule)
STT Số Phương pháp

Nội dung giảng dạy CLOs
tiết dạy và học
1 8 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
CLO2,
Module 1: Architecture and architects CLO3,
CLO4,
CLO5
1.1. Reading the passage 2 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
1.2. Task 1: Vocabulary development 1 CLO2,
1.3. Task 2: True/False Statements 1 CLO3,
1.4. Task 3: Matching 1 CLO4,
1.5. Task 4: Answering questions 1.5 CLO5
1.6. Task 5: Word-filling 1.5
2 8 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
CLO2,
Module 2: History of architecture CLO3,
CLO4,
CLO5
2.1. Reading the passage about Ancient Greek 1 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
Architecture CLO2,
2.2. Task 1: Vocabulary Development 1 CLO3,
2.3. Task 2: True/False Statements 1 CLO4,
2.4. Task 3: Answering Questions (1 tiết) 1 CLO5
2.5. Reading the passage about Roman Architecture 1
2.6. Task 4: Vocabulary Development 1
2.7. Task 5: Multiple-choice Questions 1
2.8.Ta sks 6: Answering Questions & Word-filling 1
3 4 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
Module 3: History of the house building CLO2,
CLO3,
CLO4,
CLO5
3.1. Reading the passage about The Spanish House 1 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H

3.2. Task 1: Labeling the parts of a Spanish House 0.5 CLO2,
3.3. Reading the passage about Tudor and 1 CLO3,
Elizabethan House CLO4,
3.4. Task 2: Vocabulary Development 0.5 CLO5
3.5. Task 3: Word-filling 0.5
3.6. Task 4: Labeling pictures with types of houses 0.5
in Britain
4 4 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
CLO2,
Module 4: Fundamental requirements of an
CLO3,
efficient and attractive house
CLO4,
CLO5
4.1. Reading the passage 1.5 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
4.3. Task 2: Matching 0.5 CLO3,
4.4. Task 3: Answering Questions 1 CLO4,
CLO5
5 6 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
CLO2,
Module 5: Interior design of a room CLO3,
CLO4,
CLO5
5.1. Reading the passage 2 CLO1, L, D, P, I, H
5.3. Task 3: Matching ( 1.5 CLO3,
5.4. Task 4: Matching pictures with guidelines in 1 CLO4,

Furniture Arrangement CLO5
5.5. REVISION 0.5
8. Đánh giá (Assesment)

8.1 Thang điểm đánh giá (Grade)
Sử dụng thang điểm 10, lấy đến một chữ số sau dấu phẩy, chuyển sang thang điểm
chữ A+, A, B+, B, C+, C, D+, D, F và thang điểm 4.
Điểm theo
STT Xếp loại Điểm theo thang 10 Điểm chữ
thang 4
1 Từ 9,5 đến 10,0 A+ 4,0
2 Từ 8,5 đến dưới 9,5 A 4,0
3 Từ 8,0 đến dưới 8,5 B+ 3,5
4 Từ 7,0 đến dưới 8,0 B 3,0
Đạt
5 Từ 6,5 đến dưới 7,0 C+ 2,5
6 Từ 5,5 đến dưới 6,5 C 2,0
7 Từ 5,0 đến dưới 5,5 D+ 1,5
8 Từ 4,0 đến dưới 5,0 D 1,0
9 Không đạt Từ 0,0 đến dưới 4,0 F 0
8.2 Kế hoạch đánh giá (Assesment Plan)
Phương pháp đánh giá CLOs Tiêu chí Tỷ

đánh giá trọng %
Lý Nhận thức thái độ CLO5 15
thuyết Đánh giá thường xuyên 15
- Bài kiểm tra thường xuyên CLO3
Đánh giá cuối học phần CLO1, 70
CLO2,
CLO4
8.3. Rubrics đánh giá
Rubric 1: Nhận thức thái độ
Tiêu chí CLO Trọng Thang điểm

đánh giá số 8,5-10 7,0-8,4 5,5-6,9 4,0-5,4 <4,0
Chuyên CLO5 70% Tham dự
cần lớp học từ * Sinh viên vắng 20% số tiết của học phần là
(A) 80% số tiết không được thi Kết thúc học phần
của học
phần trở lên
Thái độ, CLO5 30% Chú ý lắng Chú ý lắng Chú ý lắng Chú ý Bị nhắc nhở
đóng góp nghe bài nghe bài nghe bài lắng nghe nhiều lần,
vào bài giảng, giảng, giảng, thỉnh bài giảng, không bao
học thường thường thoảng đóng hiếm khi giờ đóng
(B) xuyên đóng đóng góp góp, xây đóng góp, góp, xây
góp, xây xây dựng dựng bài xây dựng dựng bài học
dựng bài bài học học bài học
học
Điểm đánh giá nhận thức thái độ = A*0,7 + B*0,3
Rubric 2: Đánh giá thường xuyên
Tiêu Thang điểm

chí Trọng
CLO 8,5-10 7,0-8,4 5,5-6,9 4,0-5,4 <4,0
đánh số
giá
Hoàn Hoàn Hoàn thành Hoàn Hoàn thành bài

Dịch thành bài thành bài bài dịch từ thành dịch từ dưới
đoạn dịch từ dịch dưới dưới 60% , bài dịch 40%. Nhiều nội
văn 80% trở 80%, khá chính từ dưới dung dịch chưa
từ lên, chính chính xác xác nội 50%, chính xác, rất ít
Tiếng xác nội hầu hết dung, một một vài thuật ngữ chuyên
CLO3 100%
Anh dung, các nội dung, nữa các nội ngành được dịch
sang thuật ngữ hầu hết thuật ngữ dung chính xác.
Tiếng chuyên các thuật chuyên dịch
Việt ngành ngữ ngành chưa
(A) được dịch chuyên trong bài chính
đầy đủ và ngành dịch được xác, chỉ
chính xác. được dịch đầy đủ dịch
dịch đầy và chính được
đủ và xác. một vài
chính thuật
xác. ngữ
chuyên
ngành
chính
xác.
Điểm đánh giá thường xuyên (rubric 2) = số điểm của A
* Rubric 3: Đánh giá cuối học phần
Tiêu chí Thang điểm

CLO Trọng số
đánh giá
Câu hỏi Đề thi kết thúc học phần gổm 40 câu trắc nghiệm. Mỗi
CLOs
trắc 100% câu đúng được 0,25 điểm
1,2,4
nghiệm
9. Nhóm giảng viên biên soạn (Instructors)

- ThS. Bạch Quốc Hưng
Đà Nẵng, ngày 01 tháng 8 năm 2021
Trưởng Bộ môn Người biên soạn
(Head of the Program) (Instructor)
ThS. Bạch Quốc Hưng ThS. Bạch Quốc Hưng

Trưởng Khoa
(Dean)
ThS. Nguyễn Thị Tuyết

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO CỘNG HOÀ XÃ HỘI CHỦ NGHĨA VIỆT NAM
TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KIẾN TRÚC ĐÀ NẴNG Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc
LỊCH TRÌNH GIẢNG DẠY

Tên học phần: Tiếng anh ngành Kiến trúc và Quy hoạch 1
1. Thông tin về học phần:

a. Là học phần: Bắt buộc
b. Số tín chỉ: 02 (30 tiết)
c. Lớp: ……
d. Học kì/ năm học: …….
e. Phân bổ thời gian:
- Lý thuyết: 4.5 tiết
- Bài tập + ôn tập: 25.5 tiết
2. Nội dung phân bổ chương trình:
CHÚ
THỜI GIAN NỘI DUNG VÀ SỐ TIẾT THÍCH
Tuần thứ: Bài giảng (lý thuyết) Bài tập, Ôn tập, kiểm tra
Từ ngày:..... Số Số
Đến ngày:... Tên chương mục Nội dung
tiết tiết
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
1.1. Reading the passage
Tuần 1 MODULE 1: ARCHITECTURE 1.2. Task 1: Vocabulary

AND ARCHITECTS development
0.5 3.5
1.3. Task 2: True/False
Statements
1.4. Task 3: Matching (1 tiết)
Tuần 2 0.5 MODULE 1: ARCHITECTURE 1.5. Task 4: Answering
AND ARCHITECTS (cont.) 3.5
questions
1.6. Task 5: Word-filling
2.1. Reading the passage about
Ancient Greek Architecture
2.2. Task 1: Vocabulary
Development
2.3. Task 2: True/False
Tuần 3 0.5 MODULE 2: HISTORY OF
3.5
ARCHITECTURE Statements
2.4. Task 3: Answering Questions
Roman Architecture
1
Development
2.7. Task 5: Completing the table
Roman Architecture
0.5
Development
Tuần 4 MODULE 2: HISTORY OF
3.5
ARCHITECTURE (cont.) 2.7. Task 5: Multiple-choice
Questions
2.8.Tasks 6: Answering
Questions & Word-filling
The Spanish House
3.2. Task 1: Labeling the parts
of a Spanish House
0.5
Tudor and Elizabethan House
Tuần 5 MODULE 3: HISTORY OF THE
3.5
HOUSE BUILDING 3.4. Task 2: Vocabulary
Development
3.5. Task 3: Word-filling
3.6. Task 4: Labeling pictures
with types of houses in Britain

MODULE: FUNDAMENTAL
REQUIREMENTS OF AN Development
Tuần 6
0.5 EFFICIENT AND 3.5
4.3. Task 2: Matching
ATTRACTIVE HOUSE
4.4. Task 3: Answering
Questions
Tuần 7 MODULE 4: INTERIOR Development
0.5 3.5
DESIGN OF A ROOM
5.3. Task 3: Matching
2
5.4. Task 4: Matching pictures
MODULE 4: INTERIOR with guidelines in Furniture
Tuần 8
1 DESIGN OF A ROOM (cont.) 1
AND REVISION Arrangement
REVISION
Đà Nẵng, ngày 01 tháng 8 năm 2021
TRƯỞNG KHOA KÝ DUYỆT GIẢNG VIÊN BIÊN SOẠN
ThS. Nguyễn Thị Tuyết ThS. Bạch Quốc Hưng

English For Architecture and Planning 1: (Teaching Material)

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English For Architecture and Planning 1: (Teaching Material)

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ENGLISH FOR

Compiled by Bach Quoc Hung, M.A.

FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY

 Reading Comprehension: Architecture-related reading passages are initially

MODULE 1: ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHITECTS……………………………… …...P.1

MODULE 2: HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE ……………………………………….….P.8

 ANCIENT GREEK ARCHITECURE ……………………………...P.8

 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE ………………………………...………P.11

MODULE 3: HISTORY OF THE HOUSE BUILDING……………………………….…..P.15

 THE SPANISH HOUSE………………………………………. .…..P.16

 TUDOR AN ELIZABETHAN PROTOTYPES………… ..…..…...P.17

MODULE 4: FUNDAMENTAL REQUIREMENTS OF AN EFFICIENT

AND ATTRACTIVE HOUSE…………………………………………………… ……..….P.22

MODULE 5: INTERIOR DESIGN OF A ROOM………………………………..…...…...P.26

1. What do you think the word “Architecture” means?

2. What are characteristics of an architectural work?

3. What can you say about the roles of an architect?

 The Art of Architecture

The characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture from other man-made

An Architect Planning the environment:

Today, heating, insulation, air Economic Planning:

a. nature b. architecture c. struggle

2. Architecture is necessary in all but the simplest ………….

a. theories b. works c. cultures

3. Architecture is a prerequisite for the development of civilized ………

a. importance b. institutions c. symbols

4. The stability and permanence of the work’s construction is a/an …….

a. idea b. form c. constant

5. If the function its chiefly utilitarian, communication is of less ……

a. importance b. condition c. benefit

6. In a monumental tomb, utility is a minor …………

a. market b. concern c. city hall

7. Architecture should fulfill the practical and expressive requirements of ……people.

a. primitive b. civilized c. common

8. There are some characteristics that distinguish a work of architecture …………other

a. from b. behind c. with

9. All these conditions must be met ……architecture.

a. square b. comfort c. sites

a. rooms b. axes c. spaces

12. The characteristics of the immediate ……..also influence orientation.

13. Bodies of water produce ………..and reflect the sun.

a. shade b. moisture c. wind

14. Color has a practical …….and expressive quality.

a. choice b. feature c. function

a. bright b. light c. solar

16. Planning for use is concerned with convenience of …….and rest.

a. movement b. parts c. requirements

a. ancient b. primitive c. modern

18. Major expenses in building are for……., materials, and labor.

a. habits b. land c. phrase

a. habitual b. habitable c. hospitable

Task 2: True/Fall Statements

1. Architecture should fulfill requirements of primitive people.

2. Without architecture, man is confined to a primitive struggle with the elements.

3. Structures should be built according to aesthetic and functional criteria.

4. There is no difference between a work of architecture and other man-made structures.

6. In a factory, utility and communication are of equal importance.

1. To make buildings habitable and a. the environment by the design of

2. Trees, land formations, and other b. is an effective tool of environmental

3. Planning may control… c. room with a hearth area.

sacristy and ambulatory.

7. A Roman Catholic Cathedral may g. shade and reduce or intensify wind.