Pia Angeli T.

Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

Source: Management of burns in the elderly (nih.gov)

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

P I C O
Population Patient I nt e r v e n t i o n Comparison Outcome
Problem or Exposure

The elderly population  The development of  the number of burns The surgical and
in general is at higher effective fluid resuscitation among elderly patients is medical interventions
risk for burn injury, regimens is one of the expected to increase, used remain
moreover mortality cornerstones of modern particularly when more controversial, and
rate, as well as burn treatment; it has most elderly people suffer from debates are ongoing.
severity of directly improved patient burn injuries compared to In addition,
complications, is more survival. younger individuals improvements in burn
pronounced in this  It aims to prevent   in a cross-sectional study management and
group of patients decreased tissue that among patients accompanying
perfusion, multiple organ undergoing skin grafting, reduction in mortality
failure, sepsis and 93.8% of patients with a warrants addressing
mortality, and the principal normal prealbumin level the quality of life of the
goal to optimize cardiac had complete healing, patient, focusing also
preload has been shown compared to only 44.4% on rehabilitation and
to overestimate the fluid of those with low levels support.
needs in burned patients.  Nutritional support of
 Parkland formula is the elderly patients with burn
most widely used injuries is challenging, as
wound healing is impaired
compared to younger
patients

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

Source: Impetigo Herpetiformis: Review of Pathogenesis, Complication, and Treatment (hindawi.com)

P I C O
Population Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome
Problem or E x p o s u r e

 diagnosed by  there is no specific guideline and  According to the It seems to be a

characteristic the evidence for efficacy of board of the National variant of pustular
lesions of treatments is poor Psoriasis Foundation, psoriasis that has
 possible teratogenicity of the drugs genetic,
erythematous infliximab is one of
is a challenge
patches and the best therapies for immunological, and
 Fluid and electrolytes imbalances
grouped pustules especially hypovolemia, IH; however, this is biochemical milieu
mostly in the third hypocalcemia, and low level of contrary to the and may pose a
trimester of vitamin D should be corrected guideline of the major risk to both
pregnancy and promptly European Academy mother and fetus.
usually resolves  Systemic corticosteroids that have of Dermatology and Due to rarity of the
after delivery; been historically used in the Venereology that disease, there is no
however, there is treatment of pustular psoriasis does not advocate controlled study or
the possibility of remain the mainstay of treatment the use of guideline for
 Cyclosporine is a therapeutic option treatment
recurrence in the adalimumab or
in patients unresponsive to
following infliximab during
corticosteroids.
pregnancies pregnancy. There are
 Also antibiotic therapy, Anti TNF-
 It is currently reports of refractory
α drugs, systemic retinoid
considered as a cases of psoriasis
administration, and methotrexate
form of generalized and IH treated by
administration can be done
pustular psoriasis infliximab during
 NBUVB is considered a safe
despite the previous option during pregnancy and it can pregnancy with
opinion that be added to therapy when there is favorable outcomes 
illustrated it to be a not an adequate response to
separate entity corticosteroids
 PUVA is relatively safe and its
administration has caused no
increase in the risk of congenital
malformations or infant mortality,
but it may result in low birth weight
infants

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

Source: 197-1591020684.pdf (jcreview.com)

P I C O
P o p u l a ti o n I n t e r v e n ti o n Comparison Outcome
P a ti e n t or Exposure
Problem
Acne is a common Several methods have been  Many studies have  There are no
disease that is used for acne scarring investigated the efficacy comprehensive
more common in treatment: of combination guidelines available
adolescents, with 1. Silicone-based therapies therapeutic method to to optimize acne
for hypertrophic scars treat acne scars
more than 80% of scar treatment.
treatment  PRP combined with
the cases and 5% 2. Corticosteroid injections ablative fractional CO2 There are various
of older people for treatment of laser was investigated multiple
hypertrophic and keloids for acne scars management
scars treatment by options, both
3. Laser therapy for scar investigative clinical medical and
treatment trial results and patient surgical, and laser
4. Fluorouracil for scar improvement rates devices are useful
treatment were significantly in obtaining
5. Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) increased after significant
for scar treatment and combination laser and
improvement.
vascular proliferation PRP than laser alone
6. Micro needling for skin  adding to the  Further research is
regeneration by producing microneedling was needed to quantify
collagen and elastin investigated for acne the benefits and to
7. Chemical peeling scars treatment and establish the
8. Radiofrequency for skin they showed the PRP duration of the
regeneration addition to effects, the cost-
9. Dermabrasion for microneedling improves effective ratio of
homeostasis acne scar and different
10.Subcision method for furthermore improves
treatments, and
atrophic scars subjective patient
the evaluation of
11.Cosmetic filler satisfaction
12.Mesotherapy as a the psychological
rejuvenation technique improvement and
13.Carboxy therapy for acne the quality of life of
scars patients

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

Source: Association between breastfeeding and eczema during childhood and adolescence: A cohort
study (plos.org)

P I C O
P o p u l a ti o n P a ti e n t I n t e r v e n ti o n Comparison Outcome
Problem or Exposure

 assessed  mothers extended duration  Prevalence of current  There was no

duration of of breastfeeding because eczema decreased from strong evidence
breastfeeding in their children had eczema 36% in 1-year-olds to 18% for an effect
children aged   investigated the association in children aged 10–17 modification by
1–4 years. between having been years parental atopy
Prevalence of breastfed and current  Compared with children (p-value for
eczema was eczema using generalized who had never been interaction term
determined by estimating equations, breastfed, the adjusted was 0.061) and
questionnaire adjusting for potential odds ratios for current no association
surveys that were confounders, and tested for eczema at any age were between having
repeated until the effect modification by 1.02 (95% confidence been breastfed
children were 17 parental atopy. We also interval 0.90–1.15) for and incident
years old assessed the association children who had been eczema later in
 available between having been breastfed for 0–3 months, childhood
evidence is breastfed and incident 0.97 (0.82–1.13) for  no evidence for
conflicting and eczema at ages 2, 4, and 6 children breastfed for 4–6 protection of
subject to the years using multivariable months, and 0.98 (0.85– breastfeeding
influences of logistic regression. 1.14) for children against
parental atopy breastfed for >6 months childhood
and reverse eczema at any
causation age, from
infancy through
adolescence

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Pia Angeli T. Reyes BSMT 1-1 HAPP: Journal Research on Integumentary System

Source: JoF | Free Full-Text | Onychomycosis: A Review | HTML (mdpi.com)

P I C O
P o p u l a ti o n P a ti e n t I n t e r v e n ti o n Comparison Outcome
Problem or Exposure
 most common nail Treatment of  difficulties in the  needs a targeted
infective disorder, onychomycosis depends on interpretation of false treatment
and it is responsible the clinical type, the number positives from true  patients present with a
for about 50% of all of involved nails and the fungal fluorescence DLSO due to
consultations for severity of the infection: and the lower dermatophytes involving
nail disorders. 1. topical antifungal specificity compared the distal part of one or
Onychomycosis 2. Photosensitizers for with PAS and other two great toenails, and
has been reported photodynamic therapy special stains the treatment of choice
as a gender- and (PDT)  topical antifungals is topical application of
age-related 3. carbon dioxide laser, have a limited efficacy antifungals, possibly
disease, being Nd:YAG laser and the if used without nail associated with periodic
more prevalent in diode 870-nm, 930-nm plate debridement removal of the affected
males and laser   combination of both nail plate
increasing with age 4. continuous terbinafine oral and systemic   For DLSO extending to
in both genders and itraconazole pulse treatment is often the the proximal nail, PSO
 In the elderly, therapy  best choice due to dermatophytes
onychomycosis 5. Fluconazole, itraconazole  efinaconazole was and deeply infiltrating
may have an and terbinafine have a more effective at white superficial
incidence >40% good safety profile treating the early onychomycosis,
6. Posaconazole and stage of the disease recommend systemic
albaconazole are new treatment with
drugs that could be fluconazole,
alternative therapy itraconazole or
options terbinafine.
 Further studies on
lasers and
photodynamic therapy
are needed before use
can be standardized

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