Deg) Sustainable Development Questions India's #1 Learning Platform - Start Complete Exam Preparation eR Rest Gikees pm aac Ce cienry Corea DB Download App peor ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 1 View this Question Online > The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set in 2015 by the United Nation are intended to be achieved by 1. 2025 2. 2030 3. 2035 4. 2040 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2 : 2030 ‘Ace your Development and Environment preperations for Sustainable Development with us and master People Development & Environment for your exams. Learn today! ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 1 Detailed Solution ‘The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set in 2015 by the United Nation are intended to be achieved by 2030. EB key PointsSustainable Development Goals (SDGs): + The documentary of Sustainable Development Goals was presented at the Rio#20 summit in 2012. + Itis an integrated and transformative agenda, preceded by the MDGs, that alms to spur actions that will end poverty and build a more sustainable world over the next 15 years from 2015 + The documentary is known as Future we Want’ + Itis proposed by the United Nations General Assembly Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals be achieved by 2030. - There are 17 goals, 169 targets, and 304 indicators. peveomnent GOALS coe i) 6 iat ae Bd ees Per tar elt Start Complete Exam Preparation Pee Download App Sustainable Development MCQ Question 2 View this Question Online > Sustainable Development Goals and targets are to be achieved by? 2020 2025 2030 4. 2050Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: 2030 Sustainable Development MCQ Question 2 Detailed Solution ‘The correct answer is 2030. © Key Points + Sustainable Development Goals > The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the blueprint for achieving a better and sustainable future for all. > The United Nations (UN) General Assembly in its 70th Session heid on 25th September 2015, with the aim of taking forward the success of Millennium Development Goals, adopted the document titled "Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’ consisting of 17 Sustainable Development Goals and associated 169 targets. > The SDGs came into force with effect from 1st January 2016. > The SDGs are a comprehensive list of global goals integrating social, economic, and environmental dimensions of development. 2 Moreover, the SDGs are universal (for all nations — developed, developing, and least- developed), interconnected and indivisible and hence necessitate comprehensive and participatory approaches in bringing everybody together so that no one is left behind, > Countries are primarily responsible for following up and reviewing the progress made in implementing the goals and targets at the national level till 2030. © Key Points * Sustainable Development Goals > Eliminate Poverty > Erase Hunger > Establish Good Health and Well-Being > Provide Quality Education > Enforce Gender Equality > Improve Clean Water and Sanitation > Grow Affordable and Clean Energy > Create Decent Work and Economic Growth > Increase Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure > Reduce Inequality > Mobilize Sustainable Cities and Communities = Influence Responsible Consumption and Production > Organize Climate Action > Develop Life Below Water > Advance Life On Land > Guarantee Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions > Build Partnerships for the Goalsee ar eae PS Ela Orel tM ee Teh) Doe Peo faecd CC caer Corre eau exer ary Download App ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 3 View this Question Online > Which of the following is not a Sustainable Development Goal? 1. Gender equity 2. Climate action 3. Protection of Ozone layer 4. Life below water Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Protection of Ozone layer Sustainable Development MCQ Question 3 Detailed Solution The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were born at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in 2012. + They were adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity by 2030. * The 17 SDGs are integrated that is, they recognize that action in one area will affect outcomes in others and that development must balance social, economic, and environmental sustainability. + The SDGs replaced the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which started a global effort in 2000 to tackle the indignity of poverty. Hence, the protection of the Ozone layer is not a Sustainable Development Goal. we © B mportant Point The Montreal Protocol 1. In 1987, to address the destruction of the ozone layer, the international community established the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances.2. It was the first international treaty to be signed by all countries of the world and is considered the greatest environmental success story in the history of the United Nations. 3. The Montreal Protocol's objective is to cut down the production and consumption of ozone- depleting substences, in order to reduce their presence in the atmosphere and thus protect the Earth's ozone layer. Tree a eu parte) ry Start Complete Exam Preparation e Mock Tests eRe ees Download App ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 4 View this Question Online > What is the length of the proposed Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor? 1. 1556 km 2. 1656 km 3. 1756 km 4. 1856 km Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: 1856 km ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 4 Detailed Solution ‘The correct answer is 1856 km © Key Points * Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFC) * DFCis a high speed and high capacity railway corridor that is exclusively meant for the transportation of freight or in other words goods and commocities. + DFC involves the seamless integration of better infrastructure and state of the art technology.* Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd (DFCCIL) — > It is headquartered in New Delhi and is a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU). = The Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is a business establishment operated by the Railways Ministry of the Government of India. > Itengages in the planning and development, deployment of monetary resources, building, upkeep, and operation of the DFCs. > The organisation was incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 on 30th October 2006. » DFCCIL has been assigned the status of ‘special purpose vehicle’ by the Indian government. © Additional Information + There are two arms of the DFC: > Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC) * Stretches from Sahnewal (Ludhiana) in Punjab to Dankuni in West Bengal and covers the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. = The majority of EDFC is being funded by the World Bank * The Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor with a route length of 1856 km. > Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (WDFC) = Stretches from Dadri in Uttar Pradesh to Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust in Mumbai and covers the states cf Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh * The other arm is around 1,500 km, touching all major ports along the way. = The Japan Intemational Cooperation Agency is the major funding authority for WOFCrod Ee aR eure) Cla) Start Complete Exam Preparation Pee arsucd Qu Sustainable Development MCQ Question 5 View this Question Online > The Sustainable Development Goals comprises of how many goals and targets? 1. 17 goals and 132 targets 2. 17 goals and 169 targets 3. 15 goals and 123 targets 4. 10 goals and 115 targets Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 17 goals and 169 targets. ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 5 Detailed Solution © Key Points Sustainable Development: * ‘Development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. + The “official” definition of sustainable development wes developed for the first time in the Brundtland Report in 1987 + The Brundtland Commission was created by the United Nations in 1983 + The Brundtland Commission officially dissolved in December 1987 after releasing Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report, in October 1987. + Formerly known as the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), the mission of the Brundtland Commission is to unite countries to pursue sustainable development together. + The Chairperson of the Commission, Gro Harlem Brundtland, was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar in December 1983.The Sustainable Development Goals: * itis a group of 17 goals with 169 targets and 304 indicators, as proposed by the United Nations General Assembiy’s Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals to be achieved by 2030. + Post negotiations, the agenda titled “Transforming Our World: the 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development" was adopted at the United Nations Sustainable Development Summit. + SDGs are the outcome of the Rio+20 conference (2012) held in Rio De Janerio and are a non- binding document. + Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is an intergovernmental agreement formulated to act as post-2015 Development agenda, its predecessor being Millennium Development Goals. Thus, The Sustainable Development Goals comprises of 17 goals and 169 targets. Ea & eee Pec eeciia) Start Complete Exam Preparation ma Ets aR Rest Download App ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 6 View this Question Oniine > Under millenium Development Goal 5, maternal mortality ratio between 1990 and 2015 was to be reduced by 1. 50% a 2. 75% 3. 66% 4. 40%Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 75% Sustainable Development MCQ Question 6 Detailed Solution Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): + In September 2000, world leaders came together at the United Nations Headquarters in New York to adopt the United Nations Millennium Declaration. + The Declaration committed nations to a new global partnership to reduce extreme poverty and set out a series of eight time-bound targets, with a deadline of 2015, that came to be known as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). + The aims of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were to encourage development by improving social and economic conditions in the world's poorest countries. Cp Key-Points These 8 MDG Goals were: . To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary education . Promote gender equality and empower women . Reduce child mortality . Improve maternal health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases . Ensure environmental sustainability . Develop a global partnership for the development OENNaRONs Under Millenium Development Goal 5, the maternal mortality ratio between 1990 and 2015 was to be reduced by 75%. E Additional Information Hunger and malnutrition were observed to increase the incidence and fatality rate of the conditions that contribute to nearly 80 percent of maternal deaths. In this regard, millennium development goal 5 has two targets: 1. To reduce the maternal mortality ratio by 75 percent. 2. To achieve universal access to reproductive health.& ees Per tar elt eas Start Complete Exam Preparation arsucd mass Cree eis Exe Download App Sustainable Development MCQ Question 7 View this Question Online > Identify the sustainable Development goals from the list given below: 1. Zero Hunger 2. Quality Education 3. Universal Primary Education 4. Clean Water and Sanitation 5. Green Agriculture 6. Climate Action Select the correct answer from the option given below: 1.1,2,3and4 2. 2,3,4and5 3. 3,4,5and1 4. 1,2,4and6 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: 1,2, 4 and 6 ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 7 Detailed Solution Sustainable Development Goals: The United Nations General Assembly adopted the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” in 2015, with global goals. The 193 members of GA adopted the framework “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for ‘Sustainable Development’ with 17 goals & 169 targets.+ These goals were aimed to wipe out poverty, fight inequality & tackle climate change in the next 15 years, * This Agenda is a plan of action for people, the planet, and prosperity. + It also intends to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. + They seek to realize the human rights of all & to achieve gender equality & the empowerment of all women. The Division for Sustainable Development Goals in the United Nations Department of Economic and ‘Social Affairs (UNDESA) acts as the Secretariat for the SDGs. : Bi mportant Point Those 17 goals are: . Take urgent action to combat climate change & its impact. End poverty in all its forms everywhere. Reduce inequalities within & among countries. . Achieve gender equality & empower all womens’ & girls. . Zero hunger. . Good health & well-being. Quality Education. . Clean water & sanitation. . Affordable & clean energy. 10. Decent work & economic growth. 11. Industry, Innovation & Infrastructure. 12. Sustainable Cities & Communities. 13. Responsible consumption & Production. 14. Life below water. 15. Life on Land. 16. Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions. 17. Partnership for the goals. ~PornagERups Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development + The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted at the United Nations Summit in New York from 25 to 27 September 2015. + The Agenda is a broad and universal policy agenda, with 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with 169 associated targets that are integrated and indivisible. + Building on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the 2030 Agenda seeks to guide the Member States to transform their approach to achieve inclusive, people-centred and sustainable development with no one left behind. * They are integrated anc indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental. The interlinkages and integrated nature of the SDGs are of crucial importance in ensuring that the purpose of the new Agenda is realized. + If we realize our ambitions across the full extent of the Agenda, the lives of all will be profoundly improved and our world will be transformed for the better. Hence, Zero Hunger, Quality Education, Clean Water and Sanitation, and Climate Action are included in the list of SDG goals 2030.Oa ees Per tar elt Start Complete Exam Preparation arsucd mass Cree eis Exe pe Ce Download App Sustainable Development MCQ Question 8 View this Question Online > The aims and objectives of which of the following have co-benefits with Sustainable Development Goals? (A) International Solar Alliance (8) Montreal Protocol (C) Paris Agreement (D) Convention on Biodiversity (E) National Action Plan on Climate Change Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: 1. @),@).() © ony 2 (A),(B),(C), (0) and () 3. (A),(C) (E) only 4. (B).(©), (0) (E) only Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 8 Detailed Solution In September 2015, the General Assembly adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development that includes 17 Sustainable Goals (SDGs). Built on the principle of ‘Teaving no one behind’, the new ‘Agenda emphasizes a holistic approach to achieving sustainable development for all. There are 17 Sustainable Development Goals- + GOAL 1: No Poverty Al O°Jors iano+ GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being + GOAL 4: Quality Education * GOAL 5: Gender Equality + GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation + GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Eneray + GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth + GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure + GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality + GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities + GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production + GOAL 13: Climate Action + GOAL 14: Life Below Water * GOAL 15: Life on Land + GOAL 16: Peaceand Justice Strong Institutions * GOAL 17: Partnerships to Achieve the Goal Cpkey-Points Aims and objectives of organizations that co-benefits with Sustainable Development Goals are as follows: (A) International Solar Alliance: + International Solar Alliance (ISA) consists of 121 countries mostly located between the tropic of cancer and the tropic of Capricorn. + These countries are located at the shortest distance from the Sun that is why solar energy is available in large quantity throughout the year. + The ISA has set a target of 1 TW of solar energy by 2030. + The main aim of ISA is to bring those countries on a platform that supports clean energy, a sustainable environment, clean public transport, and a clean climate. (8) Montreal Protocol: + The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is the landmark multilateral environmental agreement that regulates the production and consumption of nearly 100 man- made chemicals referred to as ozone-depleting substances (ODS) + The Montreal Protocol phases down the consumption and production of the different ODS in a step-wise manner, with different timetables for developed and developing countries. + If Implemented successfully, the ozone layer Is projected to recover by the middle of this century, and if not then ozone depletion would have increased tenfold by 2050, + Ithas been estimated, for example, that the Montreal Protocol is saving an estimated two million people each year by 2030 from skin cancer. (©) Paris Agreement: + The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. + ftis an agreement within the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change dealing with greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, adaptation, and finance signed in 2016 + Itwas adopted by 196 parties at COP 21 in Paris, on 12 December 2015 and entered into force on 4 November 2016. + The Paris Agreement’s central aim is to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change by keeping 2 global temperature rise to well below 2, preferably 1.5°C, compared to industrial levels. (0) National Action Plan on Climate Change: + National Action Plan on Climate Change is e Government of India's program launched in 2008 to mitigate and adept to the adverse impact of climate change. + The plan aims at fulfilling India's development objectives while focusing on reducing the emissions intensiiy of its economy.+ The plan will rely on the support of developed economies with the prime focus of keeping its carbon emissions below the developed countries at any point in time. (E) Convention on Biodiversity: + The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the international legal instrument for, "the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources’ that has been ratified by 196 nations. * The main three objectives of CBD are: 1. the conservation of biological diversity, 2. the sustainable use of the components of biological diversity and 3. the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of generic resources. Therefore, the aims and objectives of (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) only have co-benefits with Sustainable Development Goals. es eee eet Peer Start Complete Exam Preparation ca a Practice a) La ais VERS Question Bank Ear) Download App ‘Sustainable Development MCQ Question 9 View this Question Online > Indian government's target for the share of renewable energy in the total installed capacity of electric power in India by the year 2030 is 1, 20% 2. 30% 3. 40% 4, 50% Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: 40% Sustainable Develonment MCO Question 9 Detailed SolutionWith the Indian population anticipated to grow in the future and improvements in socloeconomic developments, energy demand is expected to rise consequently. India currently ranks as one of the top energy consumers in the world. Electric Power Consumption: * With the ever-growing electricity demand, India has been targeting to add large-scale conventional power capacities, with limited success on meeting these targets. The focus has always been on conventional power generation, as alternatives were very costly. + Now, with solar and wind power becoming commercially viable in comparison to marginal mainstream sources (particularly imported coal, and nuclear-based generation), there are additional choices available to policymakers concerned with the technical, economic and environmental characteristics of a future power system that can keep pace with the economic growth. + In view of the above, India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) aims to base 40% of the total installed power generation capacity on non-fossil fuel resources by 2030 with international support on technology transfer and financing, + Italso aims to reduce the emissions intensity of GDP by 33 to 35% from 2005 levels by 2030. To realize the stated benefits, the Renewable Energy (RE) strategy for India will need to be integrated with and complementary to the existing and planned power sector projects + Thus, to capture the benefits of RE, India would need to make available the necessary capital, and get comfortable with managing the variability and uncertainty of RE generation in Conjunction with the existing and planned fossil fuel-based and large power plants. + This includes the Goverment of India's ambitious target of achieving 175GW of RE by the year 2022 that marks 75 years of our independence Hence, the given points highlight the fact that the Indian government's target for the share of renewable energy in the total installed capacity of electric power in India by the year 2030 is 40%. Kod een er teeta) dp OPER Start Complete Exam Preparation PeeOry eed aa Exot Cs) rs tessre CJseersaras Download App Sustainable Development MCQ Question 10 View this Question Online >The themes of some Sustainable Development Goals are: A) Climate action B) Sustainable cities and communities C) Peace, justice and strong institutions D) Skill development and decent employment E) Green agriculture F) Responsible consumption and production Choose the most appropriate from those given below: 1. A),B), C), E) and F) 2. B),C), E) and F) 3. B),C), D), E) and F) 4. A),B), C) and F) Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: A), B), C) and F)