Testing and Adjusting 938F WHEEL LOADER IT38F INTEGRATED TOOLCARRIER HYDRAULIC SYS

938F Wheel Loader 2RM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3116 Engine(SEBP2362 - 41) - Documentation Page 1 of 27
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Product: WHEEL LOADER

Model: 938F WHEEL LOADER 2RM
Configuration: 938F Wheel Loader 2RM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3116 Engine
Testing and Adjusting

938F WHEEL LOADER IT38F INTEGRATED TOOLCARRIER HYDRAULIC SYS
Media Number -SENR6712-01 Publication Date -26/04/1995 Date Updated -26/04/2010
SENR67120002
Testing and Adjusting
Important Information
Reference: For Specifications with illustrations, make reference to SENR6711, 938F Wheel Loader and IT38F Integrated Toolcarrier,
Hydraulic Systems Specifications. If the Specifications in SENR6711 are not the same as in the Systems Operation and the Testing and
Adjusting, look at the printing date on the cover of each book. Use the Specification in the book with the latest date.
Personal injury or death can result from improperly checking for a leak.
Always use a board or cardboard when checking for a leak. Escaping fluid under pressure, even
a pinhole size leak, can penetrate body tissue, causing serious injury, and possible death. If fluid
is injected into your skin, it must be treated immediately by a doctor familiar with this type of
injury.
Sudden movement of the machine or release of oil under pressure can cause injury to persons
on or near the machine. To prevent possible injury, perform the procedure that follows before
testing and adjusting the hydraulic system.
1. Move the machine to a smooth horizontal location. Move away from working machines and personnel. Lower the bucket to the
ground. Stop the engine.
2. Permit only one operator on the machine. Keep all other personnel either away from the machine or in view of the operator.
3. Engage the parking brake. Put blocks in front of and behind the wheels.
4. When the bucket is raised for tests or adjustments, make sure that the bucket has correct support and that it is fully in the DUMP
position. The lift circuit has high oil pressure when the lift arms raise the front of the machine.
Do not stop the engine with the front of the machine off of the ground, unless a system test requires it. Lower machine to the ground and
stop the engine.
5. Install the steering frame lock link so the machine can not turn.
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6. Move the hydraulic control levers to all positions to release the pressure in the hydraulic system. Place the tilt control lever in the
FLOAT position. Place the lift control lever in the HOLD position.
7. Carefully loosen the fill cap on the hydraulic tank to release the pressure in the tank.
8. Make sure all hydraulic pressure is released before any fitting, hose or component is loosened, tightened, removed or adjusted.
9. Tighten the fill cap on the hydraulic tank.
10. The pressure in the system has now been released and lines or components can be removed.
During a diagnosis of the hydraulic system, remember that correct oil flow and pressure are necessary for correct operation. The output
of the pump increases with an increase in engine speed and decreases when engine speed is decreased. Oil pressure is caused by
resistance to the flow of oil.
Visual Checks
Make reference to WARNING on first page of Hydraulic System Testing And Adjusting section.
The 4C4890 and 8T5320 Hydraulic Test Groups, or 1U5481 Pressure Gauge Group are used to make the pressure test of the hydraulic
system. Before any tests are made, visually inspect the complete hydraulic system for leakage of oil and for parts that have damage. For
some of the tests, a magnet and a measuring rule (either for inches or millimeters) are usable tools.
Visual checks and measurements are the first step when troubleshooting a possible problem. Then perform the Operation Checks and
last the Instrument Tests. Lower the bucket to the ground and stop the engine. To remove the hydraulic tank fill cap, slowly turn the fill
cap until it is loose. If oil comes out, allow the tank pressure to lower before the fill cap is removed. Make the following inspections:
1. Check the hydraulic tank oil level. Slowly turn the fill cap until it is loose. If oil comes out, allow the tank pressure to lower before
the fill cap is removed.
2. Look for air in the oil. Perform this immediately after the machine is stopped. Use a clear bottle or container to collect a sample of the
oil. Look for air bubbles in the oil that is in the bottle.
3. Remove the filter elements and look for particles removed from the oil by the filter element. A magnet will separate ferrous particles
from nonferrous particles (piston rings, O-ring seals, etc.).
4. Check all oil lines and connections for damage or leaks.
5. Inspect control linkage for bent, broken or damaged components.
Performance Tests
The hydraulic circuits are connected in an interrupted series arrangement. The hydraulic pump and relief valve for main pressure is
common to the circuits. The auxiliary/and tilt circuits have make-up and check valves in both the head and rod ends to prevent cylinder
drift during valve spool movement. The lift circuit has a make-up valve only on the rod end.
The relief valves in the auxiliary/coupler and tilt circuit give protection to the components from pressures in the circuits when the
control valves are in the HOLD position.
1. The pressure of the oil to open the relief valves for the main system and the relief valves for the auxiliary/coupler and tilt
circuits must be to specification. Relief valve pressures that are too low will cause a decrease in the lift and the dig
characteristics of the machine. Pressures that are too high will cause a decrease in the life of hoses and components.
2. Drift rates in the lift and tilt circuits: Circuit drift is caused by a leakage past cylinder pistons, O-ring seals in the control
valves, check valves or makeup valves that do not seat correctly or poor adjustment or fit in the control valves.
3. Cycle times in the lift and tilt circuits: Cycle times that are longer than those shown on the charts in section Lift And Tilt
Circuit Speeds are the result of leakage, pump wear and/or pump speed (rpm).
If the basic tests give an indication of circuit leakage, install a Flow Meter and perform a system test. This procedure will find the
source of the leakage.
Problem 1: Pump makes noise, the cylinder rods do not move smoothly and there are air bubbles in the oil.
Probable Cause:
1. The viscosity of the hydraulic oil is incorrect.

2. The relief valve opens at low oil pressure.
3. Loose connection of the oil line on the inlet side of the pump.
4. The pump has too much wear.
Problem 2: The temperature of the oil is too hot.
Probable Cause:

4. There is a restriction in an oil passage.
5. The load of the system is too high.
6. Low oil level.
7. Air in the hydraulic oil.
NOTE: If the problem is because of air in the oil, it must be corrected before the system will operate at normal temperatures. There are
two things that cause air in the oil (aeration).
a. Return oil to the tank flows in above the level of the oil in the tank.
b. Air leaks in the oil suction line between the pump and the tank.
Problem 3: The output of the pump is low.
Probable Cause:
1. Low oil level.

Problem 4: The pressure of the oil is low.
Probable Cause:

3. The failure of an o-ring seal in the system.
4. The control valve and valve spool have a large amount of wear.
Problem 5: Attachment moves with control lever in HOLD position.
Probable Cause:
1. The control valve and valve spool have a large amount of wear.
2. A piston seal in a cylinder has a large amount of wear.
3. A leak in a connection between the control valve and the cylinders.
4. A leak check valve not closing because of dirt or a worn seat.
Problem 6: Attachment droops when control lever is moved from HOLD to LIFT.
Probable Cause:
Load check valve not closing.
a. Weak or broken spring.

b. Dirt or debris in valve.
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Too High

When the temperature of the hydraulic oil rises above 99°C (210°F), polyurethane seals in the system start to fail. High oil temperature
causes seal failure to become more rapid. There are many reasons why the temperature of the oil will get this hot.
1. Hydraulic pump is badly worn.

2. Heavy hydraulic loads that cause the relief valve to open.
3. The setting on the relief valve is too low.
4. Too many restrictions in the system.

5. Low oil level.
6. High pressure oil leak in one or more circuits.
7. Very dirty oil.
8. Air in the hydraulic oil.
NOTE: If the problem is because of air in the oil, it must be corrected before the system will operate at normal temperatures. There are
two things that cause air in the oil (aeration).
a. Return oil to the tank rises above the level of the oil in the tank.
b. Air leaks in the oil suction line between the pump and the tank.
Pump Efficiency Check

NOTE: For more information on the hydraulic pump see SENR6711, Hydraulic System Specifications.
For any pump test at a given rpm, the pump flow at 690 kPa (100 psi) will be larger than the pump flow at 6900 kPa (1000 psi). The
difference between the pump flow of the two operating pressures is the flow loss.
Method of finding flow loss:
Flow loss when expressed as a percent of pump flow is used as a measure of pump performance.
Example of finding percent of flow loss:
If the percent of flow loss is more than 10%, pump performance is not good enough.
*
Numbers in examples are for illustration and are not values for any specific pump or pump condition. See Specifications for pump flow
of a new pump at 690 kPa (100 psi) and 6900 kPa (1000 psi).
Machine Test
Install a Flow Meter. For Formula I, measure pump flow at 690 kPa (100 psi) and at 6900 kPa (1000 psi) with the engine at high idle
rpm.
Bench Test
If the test bench can be run at 6900 kPa (1000 psi) and at full pump rpm, find the percent of flow loss using Formula I.
If the test bench cannot be run at 6900 kPa (1000 psi) and at full pump rpm, run the pump shaft at 1000 rpm. Measure the pump flow at
690 kPa (100 psi) and at 6900 kPa (1000 psi). Use these values in the top part of Formula II. For the bottom part of the formula, run the
pump shaft at 2000 rpm. Measure the pump flow at 690 kPa (100 psi).
Operation Checks
The operation checks can be used to find leakage in the system. They can also be used to find a bad valve or pump. The speed of rod
movement when the cylinders move can be used to check the condition of the cylinders and the pump.
Lift, lower, dump and tilt back the bucket several times.
1. Watch the cylinders as they are extended and retracted. Movement must be smooth and regular.
2. Listen for noise from the pump.
3. Listen for the sound of the relief valves. They must not open except when the cylinders are fully extended or retracted, when the
bucket is empty.
4. Watch the operation of the bucket positioner and lift kickouts.
The lift control lever has detents in the RAISE and FLOAT positions.
The tilt control lever has a detent in the TILT BACK position (only when the bucket is between full dump and the bucket angle to dig).
Lift And Tilt Cylinder Drift Tests

The drift rates will change with different conditions of the hydraulic components as well as with the operation, the type of
bucket/attachment (empty or loaded), hydraulic oil temperature, etc.
The values shown are for an empty bucket/attachment. Before measuring drift on the cylinder rod, the cylinders must be extended at
least five times. Check the oil temperature.
To check the lift circuit, lift the bucket to maximum height and move the control lever to the HOLD position. Place the hydraulic lock
lever in the OFF position. Measure the distance (and check the time) that the cylinders retract, with the chart.
NOTE: The drift distances in the charts are for new machines
To check the tilt circuit, lift the bucket/attachment to maximum height, and move the lift control lever to the HOLD position. Activate
the tilt circuit until the bucket/attachment is at the angle to dig/load (almost level) and move the tilt control lever to the HOLD position.
Place the hydraulic lock lever in the OFF position. Measure the distance and check the time that the cylinder retracts, with the chart.
If the cylinder drift is too much:
1. Check the makeup valves in the lift and tilt control valve.
2. Check the condition of the valve spools in the lift and tilt control valve.
3. Check the piston seals in the cylinders.
Lift And Tilt Cylinder Speed Tests

Start and run the engine at high idle rpm. Lift and lower the lift arms again and again to get an increase in the temperature of the
hydraulic oil.
The oil in the system must be SAE 10 and at a temperature of 65°± 3°C (150°± 5°F) to get accurate test results. All speed tests are made
with the engine at high idle. If the machine is equipped with optional ride control system, place the ride control switch in the OFF
position. The speeds in the following chart are those of machine equipped with a general purpose bucket.
If the travel times are not correct:
1. Check the pump efficiency.
2. Check the setting of the relief valves.
3. Check the makeup valves in the lift and tilt control valve.
4. Check the valve spools in the lift and tilt control valve.
5. Check the piston seals in the cylinders.
Pilot System Pressure Test

Pressure Control And Selector Valve
Pilot System Pressure Taps

(1) Pilot pressure tap. (2) Pressure control and selector valve.
NOTE: Prior to testing pilot system pressure, ensure steering pump standby pressure is to specification. Refer to SENR6708, 938F
Wheel Loader and IT38F Integrated Toolcarrier, Steering System System Operation, Testing And Adjusting for more information on
testing steering system pump standby pressure.
1. Attach the correct hose and pressure gauge to pressure tap (1).
2. Start and run the engine at high idle rpm. The pressure reading, with the oil at normal temperature, must be 3000 kPa (435 psi).
Cross Section Of Pressure Control And Selector Valve

(3) Plug. (4) Spring. (5) Spacers.
3. If the pressure reading is not correct, stop the engine.
4. Move the control valves to all positions to release any pressure in the pilot circuits.
5. Carefully loosen the hydraulic tank fill cap to release any pressure in the tank. Tighten the cap.
6. Remove plug (3) from the valve. Add spacers (5), located between the plug and spring (4), to increase pressure reading. Remove
spacers to decrease the pressure reading.
7. Install plug (3). Repeat step 2.
8. If pressure reading is correct, stop the engine. Remove the test equipment from pressure tap (1).
9. If pressure reading is not correct, stop the engine. Repeat steps 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Relief Valves - 938F
Make reference to WARNING on first page of Loader Hydraulic System Testing And Adjusting
section.
Pressure Tap Location

(1) Implement pump. (2) Pressure tap.
1. Lower the bucket so it is on the ground and can not be tilted. Remove the cover that is over the control valve, from the front of the
loader frame to gain access to main and line relief valves.
2. Increase the temperature of the oil up to normal operating temperature.
Tilt Cylinder Rod End Relief Valve
section.
Relief Valve - Typical Example

(1) Locknut. (2) Cover nut. (3) Adjusting screw.
Main Control Valve

(4) Tilt head end relief valve. (5) Tilt rod end relief valve. (6) Auxiliary head end relief valve. (7) Auxiliary rod end relief valve. (8) Main relief valve.
1. Release hydraulic system pressure.
2. Carefully loosen the tank fill cap to release any pressure in the tank. Tighten the cap.
3. Install a connector, hose and pressure gauge at inline pressure tap (located near the implement pump).
4. Start the engine.
5. Raise the bucket off the ground. Dump the bucket until the tilt cylinder rods are fully retracted.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the tilt control lever to the DUMP position.
7. The pressure setting of tilt head end relief valve (4) should be 9000 ± 350 kPa (1300 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the DUMP position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
8. If the opening pressure of the relief valve is not to specification it will be necessary to adjust the valve.
9. Stop the engine.
10. Remove cover nut (2). Loosen locknut (1) and turn screw (3) clockwise for an increase or counterclockwise for a decrease in the
pressure setting of the relief valve.
11. After screw (3) is turned for an adjustment, tighten locknut (1) to 14 ± 2 N·m (10 ± 1.5 lb ft).
12. Tighten cover nut (2) to 14 ± 2 N·m (10 ± 1.5 lb ft).
13. Start the engine. Repeat steps 7, 8 and 9.
14. If pressure is correct, lower the bucket to the ground and stop the engine.
15. If pressure is not correct, repeat steps 12, 13, 14 and 15.
16. When pressure setting is correct, stop the engine. Remove the test equipment.
Tilt Cylinder Head End Relief Valve
section.

Main Control Valve

NOTE: The tilt head relief valve has a higher pressure setting than the main relief valve. In order to set properly, the relief valve must
be removed and placed in a test bench, or a remote pump must be installed.
4. Remove the hose from the head end of the main control valve and plug it.
5. Assemble fittings and attach 3S6224 pump.
NOTE: 3S6224 pump reservoir only contains 7.58 L (2 gal U.S.) of oil. Ensure the pump does not run out of oil.
6. Start the pump and slowly increase pump pressure.
7. Move the tilt control lever to the TILT BACK position.
8. The pressure setting of tilt rod end relief valve (5) should be 25 800 ± 350 kPa (3745 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the TILT BACK position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
10. Stop the pump.
14. Start the pump. Repeat steps 6, 7 and 8.
15. If pressure is correct, stop the pump.
17. When pressure setting is correct, stop the pump. Remove the test equipment.
Auxiliary Cylinder Head End Relief Valve (Optional)
section.

Main Control Valve

3. Install necessary fittings, connector, hose and pressure gauge in head end line.
5. With the bucket on the ground. Move the control lever to the OPEN position until the auxiliary cylinder rods are fully extended.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the auxiliary control lever to the OPEN position.
7. The pressure setting of auxiliary head end relief valve (6) should be 22 100 ± 350 kPa (3210 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the OPEN position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
9. Stop the engine.
14. If pressure is correct, stop the engine.
Auxiliary Cylinder Rod End Relief Valve (Optional)
section.

Main Control Valve

3. Install necessary fittings, connector, hose and pressure gauge in rod end line.
5. With the bucket on the ground. Close the bucket until the auxiliary cylinder rods are fully retracted.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the auxiliary control lever to the CLOSE position.
7. The pressure setting of auxiliary rod end relief valve (7) should be 22 100 ± 350 kPa (3210 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the CLOSE position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
9. Stop the engine.
Main Relief Valve
section.
Relief Valve
(1) Adjusting screw. (2) Locknut. (3) Body.
Main Control Valve


3. Install a connector, hose and pressure gauge at inline pressure tap (10) in discharge line from pump (9).
5. Raise the bucket off the ground. tilt back the bucket until the tilt cylinder rods are fully retracted.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the tilt control lever to the TILT BACK position.
7. The pressure setting of main relief valve (8) should be 24 800 ± 300 kPa (3600 ± 45 psi).
9. Stop the engine.
10. Loosen locknut (2) and turn screw (1) clockwise for an increase or counterclockwise for a decrease in the pressure setting of the
relief valve.
11. After screw (1) is turned for an adjustment, tighten locknut (2) to 50 ± 7 N·m (37 ± 5 lb ft).
Relief Valves - IT38F
section.

1. Lower the bucket so it is on the ground and can not be tilted. Remove the cover that is over the control valve, from the front of the
loader frame to gain access to main and line relief valves.
2. Increase the temperature of the oil up to normal operating temperature.
Tilt Cylinder Rod End Relief Valve
section.

Main Control Valve

(4) Tilt head end relief valve. (5) Tilt rod end relief valve. (6) Auxiliary/coupler head end relief valve. (7) Auxiliary/coupler rod end relief valve. (8)
Main relief valve.
NOTE: The tilt rod relief valve has a higher pressure setting than the main relief valve. In order to set properly, the relief valve must be
removed and placed in a test bench, or a remote pump must be installed.
4. Remove the hose from the rod end of the main control valve and plug it.
5. Assemble fittings and attach 3S6224 pump.
NOTE: 3S6224 pump reservoir only contains 7.58 L (2 gal U.S.) of oil. Ensure the pump does not run out of oil.
6. Start the pump and slowly increase pump pressure.
7. Move the tilt control lever to the TILT BACK position.
8. The pressure setting of tilt rod end relief valve (5) should be 25 800 ± 350 kPa (3745 ± 50 psi).
10. Stop the pump.
14. Start the pump. Repeat steps 6, 7 and 8.
15. If pressure is correct, stop the pump.
17. When pressure setting is correct, stop the pump. Remove the test equipment.
Tilt Cylinder Head End Relief Valve
section.

Main Control Valve

(4) Tilt head end relief valve. (5) Tilt rod end relief valve. (6) Auxiliary/coupler head end relief valve. (7) Auxiliary/coupler rod end relief valve. (8)
Main relief valve.
5. Raise the bucket off the ground. Dump the bucket until the tilt cylinder rods are fully extended.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the tilt control lever to the DUMP position.
7. The pressure setting of tilt head end relief valve (4) should be 9000 ± 350 kPa (1310 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the DUMP position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
9. Stop the engine.
Coupler Cylinder Head End Relief Valve
section.

Main Control Valve

(4) Tilt head end relief valve. (5) Tilt rod end relief valve. (6) Coupler head end relief valve. (7) Coupler rod end relief valve. (8) Main relief valve.
3. Install necessary fittings, connector, hose and pressure gauge in head end line.
5. With the attachment on the ground. Move the control lever to the ENGAGE position until the coupler cylinder rods are fully
extended.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the coupler control lever to the ENGAGE position.
7. The pressure setting of coupler head end relief valve (6) should be 22 100 ± 350 kPa (3210 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the ENGAGE position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
9. Stop the engine.
Coupler Cylinder Rod End Relief Valve
section.

Main Control Valve

3. Install necessary fittings, connector, hose and pressure gauge in rod end line.
5. With the attachment on the ground. Disengage the attachment until the coupler cylinder rods are fully retracted.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the coupler control lever to the DISENGAGE position.
7. The pressure setting of coupler rod end relief valve (7) should be 22 100 ± 350 kPa (3210 ± 50 psi).
NOTE: Do not keep the control lever in the DISENGAGE position, at the relief valve setting, more than 5 seconds.
9. Stop the engine.
Main Relief Valve
section.
Relief Valve
(1) Adjusting screw. (2) Locknut. (3) Body.
Main Control Valve


3. Install a connector, hose and pressure gauge at inline pressure tap (10) in discharge line from pump (9).
5. Raise the attachment off the ground. Tilt back the attachment until the tilt cylinder rods are fully retracted.
6. Increase engine rpm to high idle, look at the test gauge and move the tilt control lever to the TILT BACK position.
7. The pressure setting of main relief valve (8) should be 24 800 ± 300 kPa (3600 ± 45 psi).
9. Stop the engine.
10. Loosen locknut (2) and turn screw (1) clockwise for an increase or counterclockwise for a decrease in the pressure setting of the
relief valve.
11. After screw (1) is turned for an adjustment, tighten locknut (2) to 50 ± 7 N·m (37 ± 5 lb ft).
13. If pressure is correct, lower the attachment to the ground and stop the engine.
15. When pressure setting is correct stop the engine. Remove the test equipment.
Lift Kickout And Bucket/Attachment Positioner Adjustment

Make reference to SEBU6631, 938F Wheel Loader, Operation & Maintenance Manual and SENR6711, 938F Wheel Loader, Hydraulic
System Specifications.
Ride Control Accumulator Recharging Procedure
section.
Ride Control Accumulator And Charging Valve Location

(1) Accumulator. (2) Charging valve.
1. Move the machine to level ground. Leave the engine running during the recharging procedure.
2. Move transmission control lever to NEUTRAL. Move the transmission neutral lock into the LOCKED position.
3. Engage the parking brake.
4. Place the ride control switch in the OFF position.
5. Open charging valve (2) approximately one turn.
6. Raise the bucket/attachment to release the rest of the air from the gas side of accumulator (1).
7. Tighten charging valve securely while lift circuit is at relief valve pressure.
8. Lower the bucket/attachment to the ground and place the lift control lever in the FLOAT position.
9. Place the ride control switch in the ON position.
10. Remove the small cap on the charging valve assembly. Attach extension assembly 7S5439 to the valve.
11. Attach nitrogen bottle to extension and open valve to gauge on bottle. Open gas valve and charge the accumulator to 3000 kPa (435
psi).
12. Charge time should be 10-20 seconds.
13. If gauge instantly goes to 3000 kPa (435 psi), air has not been properly purged from the gas chamber. Repeat steps 4 through 12.
14. When properly charged, close gas valve, but leave gauge valve open.
NOTE: Leaving the gauge valve open ensures the accumulator piston is at the bottom of its stroke and the chamber is full of nitrogen
gas.
16. Raise the bucket/attachment and blow relief valve until nitrogen gas gauge pressure reaches 23 100 to 23 800 kPa (3350 to 3455
psi).
17. If nitrogen gauge does not reach 23 100 to 23 800 kPa (3350 to 3455 psi) this indicates the accumulator has not completely charged.
Repeat steps 4 through 12.
19. Lower the bucket/attachment and lift the front of the machine off the ground.
20. Place the ride control switch in the ON position.
21. Pressure should leave the rod end of the lift cylinders and lower the front of the machine to the ground. This ensures that the
solenoid valve is functioning properly.
22. Remove the gas bottle, extension and chuck. Replace the charging valve cap.
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938F Wheel Loader 2RM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY 3116 Engine(SEBP2362 - 41) - Documentation Page 1 of 27

Product: WHEEL LOADER

Testing and Adjusting

Testing and Adjusting

9. Tighten the fill cap on the hydraulic tank.

4. Check all oil lines and connections for damage or leaks.

5. Inspect control linkage for bent, broken or damaged components.

1. The viscosity of the hydraulic oil is incorrect.

Problem 2: The temperature of the oil is too hot.

1. The viscosity of the hydraulic oil is incorrect.

Problem 3: The output of the pump is low.

1. Low oil level.

Problem 4: The pressure of the oil is low.

1. The relief valve opens at low oil pressure.

Problem 5: Attachment moves with control lever in HOLD position.

Load check valve not closing.

a. Weak or broken spring.

Hydraulic Oil Temperature Too High

1. Hydraulic pump is badly worn.

4. Too many restrictions in the system.

Pump Efficiency Check

Method of finding flow loss:

Example of finding percent of flow loss:

2. Listen for noise from the pump.

4. Watch the operation of the bucket positioner and lift kickouts.

Lift And Tilt Cylinder Drift Tests

If the cylinder drift is too much:

3. Check the piston seals in the cylinders.

Lift And Tilt Cylinder Speed Tests

If the travel times are not correct:

1. Check the pump efficiency.

2. Check the setting of the relief valves.

5. Check the piston seals in the cylinders.

Pilot System Pressure Test

Pilot System Pressure Taps

Cross Section Of Pressure Control And Selector Valve

3. If the pressure reading is not correct, stop the engine.

7. Install plug (3). Repeat step 2.

Relief Valves - 938F

Pressure Tap Location

2. Increase the temperature of the oil up to normal operating temperature.

Tilt Cylinder Rod End Relief Valve

Relief Valve - Typical Example

Main Control Valve

1. Release hydraulic system pressure.

4. Start the engine.

9. Stop the engine.

12. Tighten cover nut (2) to 14 ± 2 N·m (10 ± 1.5 lb ft).

13. Start the engine. Repeat steps 7, 8 and 9.

Tilt Cylinder Head End Relief Valve

Relief Valve - Typical Example

Main Control Valve

1. Release hydraulic system pressure.

5. Assemble fittings and attach 3S6224 pump.

6. Start the pump and slowly increase pump pressure.

7. Move the tilt control lever to the TILT BACK position.

10. Stop the pump.

13. Tighten cover nut (2) to 14 ± 2 N·m (10 ± 1.5 lb ft).

14. Start the pump. Repeat steps 6, 7 and 8.

15. If pressure is correct, stop the pump.

Auxiliary Cylinder Head End Relief Valve (Optional)

Relief Valve - Typical Example

Main Control Valve

1. Release hydraulic system pressure.