P Block Exercise MCQ

E X E R C IS E 1
Q.1 By means of a balanced chemical equation show how B(OH)3 behaves as an acid in water.
Q.2 Mention one compound in which boron exhibits –3 oxidation state.
Q.3 When bauxite ore contains considerable amount of silica as an impurity, which process is used for
the purification of bauxite ore?
Q.4 Write the name of the chief ore of lead.
Q.5 Give one reaction in which aluminium acts as a reducing agent.
Q.6 Which compound is obtained as a valuable by-product in Serpeck’s process of aluminium extraction
Q.7 In the process of extraction of which element cryolite is used. Why ?
Q.8 Write the balanced chemical equations for the reaction of aluminium with dil. nitric acid and excess
of sodium hydroxide.
Q.9 What is tailing of mercury?
Q.10 Which type of structure is present in -crstobalite form of silica ?
Q.11 What is lead tree?
Q.12 Give two examples of orthosilicates .
Q.13 Why CCl4 does not react with HCl while SiF4 reacts with HF?
Q.14 H3PO3 disproportionate (give equation) while H3PO4 does not.
Q.15 How the massicot is converted into red lead ?
Q.16 What happens when the solution of sodium plumbite and sodium metaplumbate are mixed ?
Q.17 What is the oxidation state of lead in Pb3O4?
Q.18 What is “Butter of tin” ?
Q.19 What is antichlor? Name one such antichlor.
Q.20 Why does phosphorus glow in the dark?
Q.21 Which compound of boron is known as white graphite ?

CHEMISTRY
Q.22 What is thermite ?
Q.23 Write one chemical method for the preparation of fluorine.
Q.24 Why SiF62– is known whereas SiCl62– is not ?
Q.25 What do you mean borosilicate glass ?
Q.26 What is the composition of soft glass ?
Q.27 Give one use of S and Se each.
Q.28 Sulphur in vapour state exhibits paramagnetic behaviour, why ?
Q.29 NaOCl solution becomes unstable on warming. What happens to it ?
Q.30 How will you explain the fact that ammonia is distinctly basic, phosphine is weakly basic, while hydrides
of other elements of this group show no basic character at all?
Q.31 Explain why nitrogen is a gas at ordinary temperature, while phosphorus exists as a solid.
Q.32 Molecular nitrogen, N2 is not reactive. Give reason.
Q.33 Arrange HClO4, HIO4 and HBrO4 in order of increasing oxidizing ability.
Q.34 What was the reasoning applied by N. Bartlett for carrying out the reaction of xenon with PtF6.
Q.35 Why is O  O bond length in ozone (1.28 Å) more than in O2(1.21 Å)?
Q.36 What is Germanite ?
Q.37 Ozone destroys mercury meniscus. Why?

E X E R C IS E 2
[ SINGLE CORRECT ]
Q.1 Which contain a bond ?
(A) B2H6 (B) AlCl3 (C) BCl3 (D) BF3
Q.2 B  F bond order in BF3 is :
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4/3
Q.3 Fluorine is more electronegative than either boron or phosphorus. What conclusion can be drawn
from the fact that BF3 has no dipole moment but PF3 does.
(A) BF3 is not spherically symmetrical, PF3 is not
(B) BF3 molecule must be linear
(C) The atomic radius of P is larger than the atomic radius of B
(D) The BF3 molecule must be planar triangular.
Q.4 Boric acid on heating at 150 °C gives :
(A) B2O3 (B) H2B4O7 (C) HBO2 (D) H2BO3
Q.5 Borax bead test is not given by :
(A) An aluminium salt (B) A cobalt salt (C) A copper salt (D) A nickel salt
Q.6 Boric acid is polymeric because of :
(A) It's acidic nature (B) Presence of hydrogen bonds
(C) It's monobasic nature (D) It's geometry
Q.7 The bonds present in borazole are :
(A) 12 , 3  (B) 9 , 6  (C) 6 , 6  (D) 9 , 9 
Q.8 Reactivity of borazole is x greater than that of benzene because .
(A) Borazole is non - polar compound (B) Borazole is polar compound
(C) Borazole is electron deficient compound (D) Of localized electron in it
Q.9 Among the halides :
1. BCl3 2. AlCl3 3. GaCl3 4. InCl3
The order of decreasing lewis acid character is :
(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 4, 3, 2, 1 (C) 3, 4, 2, 1 (D) 2, 3, 4, 1
Q.10 Which species does not exist ?
(A) [ BF6 ]-3 (B) [ AlF6 ]-3 (C) [ GaF6 ]-3 (D) [ InF6 ]-3
Q.11 White phosphorus reacts with caustic soda. The products are PH3 and NaH2PO2. This reaction
is an example of :
(A) oxidation (B) reduction (C) neutralisation (D) oxidation and reduction
Q.12 PH3 produces smoky rings when it comes in contact with air. This is because :
(A) it is inflammable (B) it combines with water vapour
(C) it combines with nitrogen (D) it contains impurity of P2H4
Q.13 One mole of calcium phosphide on reaction with excess of water gives :
(A) one mole of phosphine (B) two mole of phosphoric acid
(C) two mole of phosphorus pentaoxide (D) two mole of phosphine
Q.14 By the action of concentration H2SO4 phosphorus change to :
(A) Phosphorus acid (C) metaphosphoric acid
(C) orthophosphoric acid (D) pyrophosphoric acid
Q.15 In white phosphorus (P4) molecule which one is not correct ?
(A) six P – P single bond are present (B) four P – P single bond are present
(C) four lone pair of electron are present (D) P – P – P bond angle is 60
Q.16 There is very little difference in acid strength in the acids H3PO4, H3PO3, and H3PO2 because
(A) phosphorus in these acids exist in different oxidation states
(B) the hydrogen in these acids are not all bond to the phosphorus and have same number
of unprotonated oxygen.
(C) phosphorus is highly electronegative element
(D) phosphorus oxide are less basic
Q.17 Which statement is not correct ?
(A) white and red phosphorus react with chlorine at room temperature
(B) white phosphorus is metastable, while red phosphorus is stable.
(C) white phosphorus is lighter than red phosphorus
(D) white phosphorus is highly poisonous while red phosphorus is not.
Q.18 Hydrolysis of PI3 yields :
(A) monobasic acid and a salt (B) monobasic acid and dibasic acid
(C) dibasic acid and tri basic acid (D) monobasic acid and tribasic acid
Q.19 Which possesses minimum activation energy ?
(A) Black p (B) white p (C) red p (D) none
Q.20 When phosphine is bubbled through solution of silver nitrate ________ is precipitated
(A) Silver (B) silver phosphide (C) silver oxide (D) none
Q.21 In the laboratory H2S is prepared by the action of :
(A) dilute H2SO4 on FeS (B) dilute H2SO4 on FeSO3
(C) hydrogen on sulphur (D) hydrogen on Sb2O3
Q.22 When SO2 is passed through a solution of H2S in water
(A) sulphuric acid is formed (B) A clear solution is formed
(C) sulphur is precipitated (D) no change is observed
Q.23 Which of the following reactions depict the oxidising behavious of H2SO4 ?
(A) 2 PCl5 + H2SO4  2 POCl3 + 2 HCl + SO2Cl2
(B) 2 NaOH + H2SO4  Na2SO4 +2H2O
(C) NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl
(D) 2HI + H2SO4  I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
Q.24 Hydrolysis of one mole of peroxy dilsulphuric acid produces :
(A) two moles of sulphuric acid
(B) two moles of peroxy monosulpuric acid
(C) one mole of sulphuric acid and one mole of peroxy mono sulphuric acid
(D) one mole of sulphuric acid, one mole of peroxy mono sulphuric acid and one mole of
hydrogen peroxide
Q.25 When SO2 gas is passed through an acidified solution of K2Cr2O7 :
(A) the solution become blue (B) the solution become colourless
(C) SO2 is reduced (D) green Cr2(SO4)3 is formed
Q.26 The crystals of ferrous sulphate on heating give :
(A) FeO + SO2 + H2O (B) Fe2O3 + H2SO4 + H2O
(C) Fe2O3 + SO2 + H2SO4 + H2O (D) FeO + SO3 + H2SO4 + H2O
Q.27 H2SO4 is added while preparing a standered solution of Mohr's salt to prevent :
(A) hydration (B) reduction (C) hydrolysis (D) complex formation
Q.28 Sulphurous anhydride is :
(A) SO2 (B) SO3 (C) HSO3– (D) SO3–2
Q.29 Peroxy linkage is present in :
(A) caro's acid (B) pyrosulphuric acid
(C) sulphurous acid (D) di thionic acid
Q.30 Compound of sulphur used in electrical transfarmer is :
(A) SO2 (B) H2S (C)SO3 (D) SF6
Q.31 Which statement correct about halogens ?
(A) they are all diatomic and form univalent ions
(B) they are all capable of exhibiting several oxidation states
(C) they are all diatomic and form diatomic ions
(D) they are all reducing agents
Q.32 Which of the following is not oxidised by MnO2 ?
(A) F– (B) Cl– (C) Br– (D) I–
Q.33 Which one of the following is the strongest acid ?
(A) SO(OH)2 (B) SO2(OH)2 (C) ClO2(OH) (D) ClO3(OH)
Q.34 Fluorine react with water to give :
(A) hydrogen fluoride and oxygen (B) Hydrogen fluoride and ozone
(C) Hydrogen fluoride and oxygen fluoride (D) Hydrogen fluoride, oxygen and ozone
Q.35 Astatine is the element below iodine in the group VIIA of the periodic table which of the following
statement is not true for astatine ?
(A) it is less electronegative then iodine
(B) it will exhibit only –1 oxidation state
(C) inter molecular forces between the astatine molecule will be larger than between iodine
molecule
(D) it is compound of diatomic molecule
Q.36 Which of the following statement is not correct when a mixture of NaCl and K2Cr2O7 is gently
warmed with con. H2SO4 :
(A) A deep red vapour is evolved.
(B) The vapour when passed in to NaOH solution gives a yellow solution of Na2CrO4
(C) Chlorine gas is evolved (D) Chromyl chloride is formed
Q.37 Oxidising action increases from left to right in the order :
(A) Cl2 < Br2 < I2 < F2 (B) Cl2 < I2 < Br2 < F2
(C) I2 < F2 < Cl2 < Br2 (D) I2 < Br2 < Cl2 <F2
Q.38 The bleaching action of bleaching powder is due to the formation of :
(A) OCl– (B) O2 (C) Cl2 (D) Cl–
Q.39 The solubility of iodine in water is greatly increased by :
(A) adding an acid (B) boiling the solution
(C) cooling the solution (D) adding potassium iodide
Q.40 The correct statement is :
(A) SO2 is the anhydride of sulphurous acid
(B) H2S is the anhydride of hydrosulphuric acid
(C) NO2 is the anhydride of HNO3
(D) HCl is anhydride of HCl
Q.41 When Cl2 water is added to an aqueous solution of potassium halide in presence of chloroform a
violet colour is obtained on adding more of Cl2 water; the violet colour disappears and a colourless
solution is obtained. This test confirms the presence of the following in aqueous solution :
(A) Iodide (B) bromide (C) chloride (D) iodide and bromide
Q.42 When excess of KI is added to copper sulphate solution :
(A) cuprous iodide is formed (B) I2 is liberated
(C) potassium iodide is oxidised (D) all
Q.43 Gaseous HCl is a poor conductor of electricity while its aqueous solution is a good conductor
this is because :
(A) H2O is a good conductor of electricity
(B) a gas can not conduct electricity, but a liquid can
(C) HCl gas does not obey ohm's law; whereas the solution does
(D) HCl ionises in aqueous solution
Q.44 Which reaction yield the greatest quantity of chlorine from a given quantity of hydrochloric acid ?
(A) warming conc. HCl with KMnO2 (B) warming con. HCl with PbO2
(C) mixing conc. HCl with KMnO4 (D) treating bleaching powder with HCl
Q.45 Iodine is placed between two liquids C6H6 and water :
(A) it dissolve more in C6H6 (B) it dissolve more in water
(C) it dissolve equally in both (D) does not dissolve in both
Q.46 Generally oxygen is converted into its ion by:
(A) Losing electrons (B) Increasing oxidation number
(C) Decreasing atomic size (D) Gaining electrons.
Q.47 It is possible to obtain oxygen from air by fractional distillation because;
(A) Oxygen is in different group of periodic table from nitrogen
(B) Oxygen is more active than nitrogen
(C) Oxygen has higher boiling point than nitrogen
(D) Oxygen has lower density than nitrogen
Q.48 Different allotropic forms of sulphur differ in:
(A) Crystalline structure (B) Molecular weight
(C) Chemical properties (D) Chemical structure
Q.49 Oxide of a non-metal possesses the following characteristics:
(i) It is both a proton donor and proton acceptor. (ii) It is poor conductor of electricity. (iii) It reacts
readily with basic and acidic oxides. (iv) It oxidises Fe at boiling point. The oxide is :
(A) H2O (B) CO2 (C) H2O2 (D) NO
Q.50 Ozone reacts with:
(A) C2H4 (B) C2H2 (C) C6H6 (D) All of these
75
E X E R C IS E 3
Q.1 Boron forms no compound in unipositive state while thallium is quite stable in
unipositive state. Explain.
Q.2 It is difficult to obtain pure crystalline boron, why?
Q.3 The first ionisation energies of boron and aluminium are lesser than those of Be and Mg
respectively. Explain.
Q.4 Arrange the following in increasing order of (IE1 + IE2 + IE3) B, Al Tl, Ga, In.
Q.5 Although the ionisation energy of boron (8.30 eV) is less than gold (9.22 eV), yet former
is semi-metal while later is metal.
Q.6 Show that B2O3 is amphoteric oxide
Q.7 Borazole or borazine is more reactive than benzene. Explain.
Q.8 Borax is used in qualitative analysis. Explain.
Q.9 Write the probable reaction for tetraborate ion in acidic solution of water.
Q.10 Why borax can be used as a buffer?
Q.11 Which indicator can be used to detect the end point of borax-acid titration?
Q.12 Why P4, As4, Sb4 exist as discrete tetra atomic tetrahedral molecules ?
Q.13 Why the stability of +3 oxidation state increases and that of +5 oxi. state decreases on moving down
from N to Bi ?
Q.14 Why do phosphorus and arsenic atom not form P 2 and As2 species while nitrogen atoms form N2
species ?
Q.15 Why calcium cynamide is used as a fertilizer.
Q.16 Why pure PH3 does not burn in air but impure sample of PH3 burns in air ?
Q.17 Why phosphorus does not form phosphorus penta-iodide.
Q.18 Why phosphorus acid is dibasic acid ?
Q.19 Why urea is a better nitrogenous fertilizer than ammonium sulphate.
Q.20 Why (SiH3)3N is a weaker base than (CH3)3N.
Q.21 Mg3N2 when reacted with water gives of NH3 but HCl is not obtained from MgCl2 on reaction with
water at room temp. ?
Q.22 Why the element of VIIA group are called halogen ?
Q.23 Why the Bond dissociation energy of fluorine is lower than other halogens?
Q.24 Explain why fluorine can not be prepared from fluorides by chemical oxidation ?
Q.25 Why anhydrous HCl is a bad conductor of electricity while aquesous HCl is a good conductor.
Q.26 Halogens are coloured. Why ?
Q.27 Why halogens are strong oxidising agent ?
Q.28 Explain why ? Fluorine not show higher oxidation state.
Q.29 Why bromine does not show +7 oxidation state.
Q.30 In nucleophilic solvents like alcohols, ketones liq. SO2 halogen produce brown solution why ?
Q.31 Explain why in halogens, fluorine is most reactive and iodine is least reactive ?
Q.32 When a blue litmus is dipped into a solution of hypochlorous acid, it first turns red and then later gets
decolourised.
Q.33 The bleaching action of chlorine is permanent while that of sulphur di-oxide is temporary ?
Q.34 Fluorine is a non metal where as iodine shows some metallic properties as well why ?
Q.35 Why the inter halogen compounds are more reactive than halogen.
Q.36 Why fluorine shows only a negative oxi. state –1 ?
Q.37 Why oxygen exist as O2 but sulphur exist as S8 molecule ?
Q.38 Why water has high volatility than H2S ?
Q.39 In group VIA the thermal stability of hydrides is decreases explain why ?
Q.40 Explain why except H2O all hydrides of group VIA act as a reducing agent ?
Q.41 Why ozone bleaches oil, ivory, flour, starch, wood, its ?
Q.42 Explain why acedic strength increasing from H2O to H2Te.
Q.43 Why oxygen is highly non-metallic ?
Q.44 Why oxygen exhibit +2 oxi. state in OF2 ?
Q.45 Why metals like Cu, Ag, Hg, etc show lesser affinity with O2 to form oxide than with sulphur to form
sulphide.
Q.46 Explain why the binary compound of oxygen with other elements are called oxides. But the compound
of oxygen and fluorine are not called oxide but oxygen fluoride ?
Q.47 Explain why oxygen is a gas while sulphur is a solid ?
Q.48 Oxygen almost exhibits an oxidation state of –2 but the other members of family exhibit negative as well
as positive oxi state of +2, +4, +6.
Q.49 Explain why liquid dioxygen is pale blue in colour and solid is in blue ?
Q.50 Why singlet O2 is more reactive than normal ground state triplet O2 ?
Q.51 Why oxygen can not show + 4 & +6 oxidation state even sulphur shows +4 & +6 ?
E X E R C IS E 4
[ SINGLE CORRECT ]
Q.1 BCl3 does not exist as dimer but BH3 exist as dimer ( B2H6 ) because :
(A) Chlorine is more electronegative than hydrogen
(B) There is P - P back bonding in BCl3 but BH3 does not contain such multiple bonding
(C) Large sized chlorine atom do not fit in between the small boron atom whereas small
sized hydrogen atom get fitted in between boron atom.
(D) None of the above
Q.2 Which of the following is a false statement ?
(A) BH3 is not a stable compound
(B) Boron hydride are formed when dil. HCl reacts with Mg3B2
(C) All the B  H bond distance in B2H6 are equal
(D) The boron hydride are readily dydrolysed
Q.3 The halite of group III A element behave as lewis acids. The acceptor ability is maximum for the
halide of :
(A) Tl (B) Ga (C) Al (D) B
Q.4 Which one of the following is a correct statement ?
(A) The hydroxide of aluminium is more acidic than that of boron
(B) The hydroxide of boron is basic while that of aluminium is amphoteric
(C) The hydroxide of boron is acidic while aluminium is amphoteric
(D) The hydroxide of both boron and aluminium are amphoteric
Q.5 Which of the following compound are form when boron trichloride is treated with water ?
(A) H3BO3 + HCl (B) B2H6 + HCl (C) B2O3 + HCl (D) None
Q.6 In diborane :
(A) 4 bridged hydrogen and two terminal hydrogen are present
(B) 2 bridged hydrogen and four terminal hydrogen are present
(C) 3 bridged hydrogen and three terminal hydrogen are present
(D) None of the above
Q.7 Which one is not a borane ?
(A) B5H9 (B) B5H10 (C) B5H11 (D) B6H10
Q.8 Borax bead test is responded by :
(A) divalent metal (B) Heavy metal
(C) Light metal (D) Metal which form colored meta borates
Q.9 From B2H6 ; all the following can be prepared except :
(A) B2O3 (B) H3BO3 (C) B2(CH3)6 (D) NaBH4
Q.10 BF3 is used as a catalyst in several industrial processes due to its :
(A) Strong reducing nature (B) Weak reducing action
(C) Strong lewis acid nature (D) Weak lewis acid character
Q.11 When water is added in con. H2SO4 the reaction is exothermic because :
(A) H2SO4 is viscous (B) Hydrates of H2SO4 are formed
(C) H2SO4 is corrosive (D) none
Q.12 There is no. S – S bond in :
(A) SO4–2 (B) S4O6–2 (C) S2O3–2 (D) S2O7–2
Q.13 When Na2S ia added to sodium nitro prusside solution :
(A) beautiful violet colour is produced
(B) a complex [Fe(CN)5NOS]–4 is formed
(C) the complex Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS] is formed
(D) all
Q.14 When a lead storage battery is discharge :
(A) SO2 is evolved (B) lead sulphate is consumed
(C) lead is formed (D) H2SO4 is consumed
Q.15 The reaction in the Kipps's apparatus stop on closing the outlet because :
(A) the acid becomes weak (B) gas starts coming out from top
(C) A protective film is formed on iron sulphide
(D) the contect between sulphide and the acid is broken by the presence of the gas collected
in the free surface of the middle chamber
Q.16 The geometry of H2S and its dipole moment are :
(A) angular and non zero (B) angular and zero
(C) linear and zero (D) linear and non zero
Q.17 Which of the following does not react with AgCl ?
(A) Na2S2O3 (B) NH4OH (C) NaNO3 (D) Na2CO3
Q.18 H2S does not produce metallic sulphide with :
(A) CdCl2 (B) ZnCl2 (C) CoCl2 (D) CuCl2
Q.19 A certain compound when burnt gave three oxide. The first turned lime water milky, the second
turned cobalt chloride paper pink and the third formed an aqueous solution of PH3 nearly : The
element present in the compound are :
(A) C, S, O (B) C, H, Na (C) C, H, S (D) C, H, Ca
Q.20 In which reaction does SO2 act as oxidising agent :
(A) acidified KMnO4 (B) acidified K2Cr2O7
(C) acidified C2H5OH (D) H2S
Q.21 Which pair give Cl2 at room temperature ?
(A) conc. HCl + KMnO4 (B) NaCl + conc. H2SO4
(C) NaCl + MnO2 (D) NaCl + conc. HNO3
Q.22 K2[HgI4] detect the ion/group :
(A) NH2 (B) NO (C) NH4+ (D) Cl–
Q.23 If Cl2 gas is passed in to aqueous solution of KI containing some CCl4 and the mixture is shaken
then :
(A) upper layer becomes violet (B) lower layer becomes violet
(C) homogenous violet layer is formed (D) none of these
Q.24 Among the C – x bond (where X = Cl, Br, I) the correct bond energy order is :
(A) C – Cl > C – Br < C – I (B) C – I > C – Cl > C – Br
(C) C – Br > C – Cl > C– I (D) C – I > C – Br > C – Cl
Q.25 Which one is most basic in character ?
(A) F– (B) Cl– (C) Br– (D) I–
Q.26 Euchlorine is :
(A) a mixture of Cl2 and ClO2 (B) A chloride of europium
(D) a mixture of Cl2 and Cl2O7 (D) obtained by heating perchlorate and con. HCl
Q.27 The following acid have been arranged in order of decreasing acid strength. Identify the correct
order ?
I ClOH II BrOH III IOH
(A) I > II > III (B) II > I > III (C) III > II > I (D) I > III > II
Q.28 Pure chlorine is obtained :
(A) by heating Pt Cl4 (B) by heating MnO2 with HCl
(C) by treating bleaching powder with HCl
(D) by heating mixture of NaCl and MnO2 with conc. H2SO4
Q.29 When an aqueous solution of hypochlorite is heated :
(A) chlorine is evolved (B) chlorite is formed
(C) chlorate is formed (D) chlorine peroxide is formed
Q.30 Colour of iodine solution can be discharged by shaking it with aqueous solution of :
(A) H2O2 (B) sodium sulphide
(C) sodium thiosulphate (D) sodium sulphate
Q.31 Select the wrong statement about diborane.
(A) B2H6 has three centered bond (B) Each boron atom lies in SP3 hybrid state
(C) Hb------ B ------ Hb bond angle is 122° (D) All hydrogen in B2H6 lie in the same plane
Q.32 Boric acid is a very weak acid but in presence of certain organic compounds, it act as a strong acid.
Which one of the following organic compound can affect such change.
(A) Glycerol (B) Acetic acid (C) Ethyl alcohol (D) Ethylene
Q.33 Orthoboric acid ( H3BO3 ) and metaboric acid ( HBO2 ) are not differ in respect of :
(A) Basicity (B) Structure (C) Melting point (D) Oxidation
Q.34 The colour of ferric metaborate is :
(A) Yellow (B) Blue (C) Green (D) Grey
Q.35 In organic graphite is :
(A) B3N3H6 (B) B2H6 (C) BN (D) BF3
Q.36 Phosphate + conc. HNO3 + (NH4)2 MoO4 solution yellow precipitate
(A) (NH4)3PO4.MoO3 (B) (NH4)3PO4.12MoO3
(C) (NH4)2PO4.12MoO3 (D) NH4PO4.MoO3
Q.37 Which possesses least stable covalent P – H bond ?
(A) PH3 (B) P2H6 (C)P2H5 (D) PH6+
Q.38 Which acid is not formed by the action of water on phosphorus pentoxide ?
(A) HPO3 (B) H4P2O7 (C) H3PO4 (D) H3PO3
Q.39 Red phosphorus is chemically unreactive because :
(A) It does not contain P – P bonds
(B) It does not contain tetrahedral P4 molecules
(C) It does not catch fire in air even up to 400°C
(D) It has a polymeric structure.
Q.40 Phosphine is produced by adding water to :
(A) CaCl2 (B) HPO3 (C) Ca3P2 (D) P4O7
E X E R C IS E 5
A    B
(i ) C H OH
Q.1 Na2B4O7 + conc. H2SO 4 2 5
(ii ) ignite
Q.2 The correct equivalence point of boric acid and NaOH titration can not be determined.
Why?
Q.3 How can BI3 or BCl3 be converted to pure boron?
Q.4 Write down the few examples of reductant nature of B2H6.
Q.5 Boron tribromide is stronger acid than boron trifluoride.
Q.6 BX3 is known but BH3 is not known, Explain.
Q.7 Boron is trivalent in nature. Explain
Q.8 Complete the following reaction:
B(OH) 3 + (CH3CO) 2O  
Q.9 B2H6 reacts with NH3 of form different products. Explain.
Q.10 Draw the structure of solid orthoboric acid.
Q.11 B2H6 form adduct with t-amines, why?
Q.12 Arrange the following in increasing order of heat of formation.
BF3, BI3, BBr 3, BCl 3
Q.13 Among Boron trihalides, BF3 has highest value for Hf, why?
Q.14 Pure BBr3 and BI3 are colourless, but they become coloured on exposure to light, why?
Q.15 B(OH)3 is an acid, Al(OH)3 is amphoteric and Tl(OH)3 is basic. Explain.
Q.16 Why do aluminium and boron generally form covalent compounds?
Q.17 Boron and aluminium halides behave as Lewis acid. Explain
Q.18 AlCl3 forms a dimer but BCl3 does not form dimer. Explain
Q.19 Write down an example of Friedel craft reaction using BF3 as lewis acid catalyst.
Q.20 Why is Al stable in air and water?
Q.21 Al(OH3) is insoluble in excess of NH4OH but dissolves in NaOH, why?
Q.22 Commercial aluminium always contains some magnesium. Name two such alloys of
aluminium. What properties are imparted by the addition of magnesium to these alloys?
Q.23 Why does aluminium dissolve both in acidic and basic solutions?
Q.24 Name the principal ore of aluminium and how aluminium metal is extracted from this ore.
Q.25 Explain why aluminium, though an electropositive metal, finds extensive use as a structural
material.
Q.26 How is lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4) prepared? What is its important use?
Q.27 Why is aluminium used in making electrical cables despite its low conductivity as compared
to copper.
Q.28 In the electrolytic manufacture of aluminium, why are carbon anodes consumed?
Q.29 Aluminium cannot be prepared by the electrolysis of aqueous solution of its salt. Why?
Q.30 Finely powdered aluminium when exposed to air becomes hazardous. Why?
Q.31 Why is alum used for settling muddy water?
Q.32 Why des anhydrous AlCl3 fume in air?
Q.33 Why is cryolite used in the electrolytic manufacture of Al from alumina?
Q.34 Aqueous solution of AlCl3 behaves acidic towards litmus while that of NaCl does not. Why?
Q.35 Aluminium metal is frequently used as reducing agent for the extraction of metals such as
Cr, Mn, Fe. Why?
Q.36 Thermite reactions can not be stopped by water like ordinary fire, why?
Q.37 Duralumin is used in aircraft industry. Why?
Q.38 No visible reaction occurs when aluminium is left in contact with concentrated nitric acid
Q.39 BF3, AlCl3, SnCl4 are considered as acid. Why?
Q.40 Alum is often used to stop bleeding from cuts. Why?
Q.41 Aluminium is a very reactive metal, but is still used for making pans. Explain.
Q.42 Aluminium does not react readily with conc. HNO3 but reacts immediately with dil. HNO3.
Explain
Q.43 What purposes does chrome plating of steel serve? What Ni plating serves?
Q.44 Explain why a homeowner should avoid attaching aluminium downspouts to galvanised steel
gutters.
Q.45 Which type of cations are capable of replacing aluminium in alums?
Q.46 What is emery and for what purpose it is used?
Q.47 Aluminium fluoride is ionic while AlCl3 is covalent. Why?
Q.48 For what types of air-crafts aluminium metal is used in air-craft parts?
Q.49 Aluminium containers can be used to store conc. HNO3 or Al becomes passive in conc.
HNO3. Explain.
Q.50 AlF3 is a high m.pt. solid while AlCl3 is low m.pt. volatile solid. Explain
Q.51 Molten AlBr3 is a poor conductor of current. Explain.
Q.52 Certain metallic oxides are reduced with aluminium but not with carbon during extraction.
Explain
Q.53 Al(OH)3 is amphoteric. Explain.
Q.54 What are the following and for what purposes they are used?
(a) Ammonal (B) Betnotite (C) Rubies and Saphire (D) Lapis Lazuli.
Q.56 IE1 of Al is lower than IE1 of Mg, explain.
Q.57 What is the most important ore of Al. Give its formula. Give the reactions involved in its
purification and its electrolysis.
Q.58 TlCl3 is unstable whereas TlCl is stable. Explain.
Q.59 Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation.
Q.60 Arrange in the increasing order of Lewis acid strength (with pyridine donor)
(i) BX3, GaX3, AlX3
(ii) AlCl3, AlBr3, AlI3
(iii) B, Tl, Ga, In, Al Trimethyl derivatives
Q.61 Discuss the changes in coordination number with crystalline AlCl 3 is heated.
Q.62 Why nitrate and nitrite can not be distinguished by the action of conc. H2SO4 ?
Q.63 Why nitric acid turns yellow in sun light ?
Q.64 Why NO2 can not be dried by means of NaOH solution ?
Q.65 Water has the highest boiling point among NH3, PH3, HCl and H2O ?
Q.66 Nitric acid mostly form oxide of nitrogen on reaction with metals while other acids react with metals to
evolve hydrogen.
Q.67 Why phosphine is prepared in an inert atmosphere of carbon dioxide or hydrogen.
Q.68 In the preparations of Fluorine the electrolyte and vessel taken completely dry ? Why ?
Q.69 Why the solubility of I2 in water is increases by adding potassium iodide ?
Q.70 Why HBr and HI can not be prepared by heating bromides and iodides with con. H 2SO4 ?
Q.71 Why H – F is liquid with high boiling points ?
Q.72 Explain why HF is most stable while HI is least stable ?
Q.73 Explain the following order of acidity.
HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 > HClO
Q.74 Explain the following acidic sequence ?
HClO > HBrO > HIO
Q.75 Why F2 shows anomalous behaviour than other halogens.
Q.76 Explain the increasing in basic character from F to I ?
Q.77 Explain why ? HCl does not affect litmus in the absence of moisture but in the moist state or in solution
it turns blue litmus red ?
E X E R C IS E 6
NEW IIT-JEE PATTERN QUESTION
MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER TYPE

Q.1 Which of the following on hydrolysis with dil. H2SO4 can give H3BO3
(A) Boron nitride (B) Borazole (C) Borax (D) All of these
Q.2 Carbongene has X % of CO2 and is used as an antidote for poisoning of Y . Then X and Y are :
(A) X = 95 % & Y = lead poisoning (B) X = 5 % & Y = CO poisoning
(C) X = 30 % & Y = CO2 po cisoning (D) X = 45 % & Y = CO poisoning
Q.3 The correct statement(s) related to allotropes of carbon is/are :

(A) graphite is the most stable allotropes of carbon and having a two dimensional sheet like
structure of hexagonal rings of carbon (sp2)
(B) diamond is the hardest and purest allotrope of carbon and having a three dimensional network
structure of C (sp3)
(C) fullerene (C60) is recently discovered non-crystalline allotrope of carbon having a football
like structure
(D) Vander Waal’s force of attraction acts between the layers of graphite 6.14 Å away from
each other
Q.4 A + O2  X + Y + Z
( organic Compound )
Compound (A) in pure form does not give precipitate with AgNO 3 solution . A mixture containing
70 % of (A) and 30 % of ether is used as an anaesthetic . Compound (X) and (Y) are oxides while
(Z) is a pungent smelling gas . (X) is a neutral oxide which turns cobalt chloride paper pink .
Compound (Y) turns lime water milky and produces an acidic solution with water . Compounds
(A) , (X) , (Y) and (Z) respectively will be :
(A) CH4 , H2O , CO2 , Cl2 (B) CHCl3 , H2O , CO2 , Cl2
(C) CH3OH , H2O , CO2 , N2 (D) NH2CONH2 , H2O , H2O , CO2
RCl   
 R2SiCl2   R2 Si(OH)2     A .
Cu powder H O Condensation
Q.5 2
Si
Compound (A) is :
(A) a linear silicon (B) a chlorosilane (C) a linear silane (D) a network silane
Q.6 A red coloured mixed oxide (X) on treatment with conc. HNO3 gives a compound (Y) . (Y) with
HCl , produces a chloride compound (Z) which can also be produced by treating (X) with conc.
HCl . Compounds (X) , (Y) and (Z) will be :
(A) Mn3O4 , MnO2 , MnCl2 (B) Pb3O4 , PbO2 , PbCl2
(C) Fe3O4 , Fe2O3 , FeCl2 (D) Fe3O4 , Fe2O3 , FeCl3
Q.7 Crooke’s glass contains ............... which cuts ........... rays.

(A) CeO2 & UV (B) SiO2 & IR (C) CeO2 & IR (D) SiO2 & UV
Q.8 Carbon can’t be used in the reduction of Al2O3 because
(A) the enthalpy of formation of CO2 is more than that of Al2O3
(B) pure carbon is not easily available
(C) the enthalpy of formation of Al2O3 is very high
(D) it is an expensive proposition.
Q.9 Which of the following represents a pyrosilicate structure
(a) (B)
(C) (D)
Q.10 Which of the following is correct. State T for true and F for False
(i) The structure of carborundum is as same that of diamond
(ii) Carbogen is a mixture of O2 and CO2 (5–10%) which is used for artificial respiration
in pneumonia patients
(iii) SnCl2 is a strong oxidizing agent.
(iv) PbO a yellow coloured powder is known as litharge.
(A) TTFF (B) FTTF (C) FTFT (D) TTTF
Q.11 Which atom does have dangling valencies

(A) diamond (B) graphite (C) fullerene (D) (A) & (B) both
Q.12 Stability of ions of Ge, Sn and Pb will be in order :

(A) Ge2+ < Sn2+ < Pb2+ (B) Ge4+ > Sn4+ > Pb4+
(C) Sn4+ > Sn2+ (D) all of these
Q.13 Which of the following statements are true(T)/false(F) ?

(i) White phosphorus converts into red or black phosphorus on heating.
(ii) The measured values of the lattice energies of transition metal sulphides are higher than
the values predicted on the basis of ionic bonding.
(iii) Silicon hydrides are much more reactive than alkanes.
–
(iv) SCN is an ambidentate ligand which can bind with the metal atom/ion through either
sulphur atom or nitrogen atom.
(v) SnF has non zero dipole moment while HgF has zero dipole moment.
2 2
(A) TTTTT (B) TTFTT (C) TFTTT (D) TTTTF
Q.14 Same group no. & same period carbide compound on hydrolysed to give a gas along with a ppt
that ppt is heated to 1500ºC gives amphoteric compound. Identify amphoteric oxide and gas -
(A) Al2O3, CH4 (B) NaAlO2, propane (C) Al2O3, C2H2 (D) NaAlO2, propyne
Q.15 The number and type of bonds between two carbon atoms in CaC2 are:
(A) one sigma and one pi bond (B) one sigma and two pi bond
(C) one sigma and one and a half pi bond (D) one sigma bond
Q.16 In the structure of borax :
(A) 5 B–O–B bonds are present
(B) The number of  bonds are 34
(C) 19 atoms are sp3 and another 2 atoms are sp2 hybridized
(D) The number lone pair’s are 34
Q.17 Carborundum is
(A) BN (B) SiO4 (C) SiC (D) CS2
Q.18 Carbon reacts with con. H2SO4 to give
(A) CO2, SO2, H2O (B) SO2, H2O, CO
(C) CO + H2O (D) CO2, H2O
Q.19 Red lead is
(A) Minium (B) Sindhur (C) P3 O4 (D) All
Q.20 The fundamental unit found in silicate is

(A) SiO2 (B) SiO44– (C) SiO3 (D) Si2O52–
Q.21 The component present in producer gas are

(A) CO + N2 (B) CO + H2 (C) CO2 + H2 (D) CO + NO2
Q.22 Cl2 gas is not dried over
(1) CO (2) KOH (3) conc. H2SO4 (4) NaOH
Q.23 How many  and  bonds present in between 2 C atoms of cyanogen gas and their hybridization?
(A) 1  , 0  ; sp , sp (B) 1  , 2  ; sp , sp
(C) 1  , 0  ; sp , sp
3 3
(D) 1  , 1  ; sp , sp
Q.24 Which of the following option is/are correct ?
(A) vapour phase of XeF6 is covalent and hybridisation is sp3d3
(B) Solid phase of XeF6 is ionic and hybridisation is sp3d2
(C) XeF2 is linear in shape
(D) XeO2F2 follows bent rule and structure is see-saw.
Q.25 Ammonium oxalate on decomposition gives
(A) basic gas (B) acidic gas (C) neutral gas (D) water
Q.26 The correct O — O bond order in O3, O2 and H2O2 is
(A) H2O2 < O3 < O2 (B) O2 < O3 < H2O2
(C) H2O2 > O2 > O3 (D) O3 < H2O2 > O2
Q.27 Which of the following are ionic carbides ?
(A) CaC2 (B) Al4C3 (C) SiC (D) Be2C
Q.28 Element A & B has five electrons in their valence shell but their penta halides are not possible.
Hydride of A is stable but B is not. Which of the following option is/are correct for element A and
element B–
(A) Element A is N and Element B is Bi
(B) Hydride of element A is NH3 and hydride of element B is BiH3
(C) Due to inert pair effect in element B lower oxidation state is stable
(D) The boiling point of hydrides of element A is greater than hydride of element B
Q.29 Boric acid :
(A) exists in polymeric form due to inter-molecular hydrogen bonding
(B) is used in manufacturing of optical glasses
(C) is a tri-basic acid
(D) with borax , it is used in the preparation of a buffer solution
Q.30 The gaseous mixture used by deep sea divers for respiration is :
(A) N2 + O2 mixture (B) He + O2 mixture (C) Ar + O2 mixture (D) Neon + O2 mixture
Q.31 Compounds formed when the noble gases get entrapped in the cavities of crystal lattices of certain
organic and inorganic compounds are known as:
(A) Interstitial compounds (B) Clathrates (C) Hydrates (D) Picartes
Q.32 Which compound is prepared by the following reaction:
Ni vessel
Xe + 2F2 673 K, 5-6 atm
(A) XeF2 (B) XeF6 (C) XeF4 (D) XeOF2
Q.33 Nitric acid (conc.) oxidizes phosphorus to :
(A) H3PO4 (B) P2O3 (C) H3PO3 (D) H4P2O7
Q.34 Phosphorus is manufactured by heating ________ in a furnace :

(A) bone-ash, sodium chloride and coke (B) bone-ash, silica and coke
(C) bone ash, silica and lime (D) bone-ash, coke and lime stone
Q.35 In the compound of type ECl3, where E = B, P, As, or Bi, the angle Cl – E – Cl for different E are
ion the order :
(A) B > = P = As = Bi (B) B > P > As > Bi
(C) B < P = As = Bi (D) B < P < As < Bi
Q.36 Laboures's working with phosphorus suffer from a disease in which bones decay, It is known as
(A) arthritis (B) phossy jaw (C) rickets (D) cancer
Q.37 White phosphorus is :

(A) strong poison (B) mild poison (C) non-poisonous (D) none
Q.38 Phosphoric acid on reaction with sufficient quantity of NaoH gives :
(A) Na3PO4 (B) Na2HPO4 (C) NaH2PO4 (D) NaHPO3
Q.39 Phosphoric acid is syrupy liquid due to :

(A) strong covalent bond (B) vander wall's force
(C) hydrogen bonding (D) none
Q.40 The correct order for decreasing acidic strength of oxy acid of group 15 is :
(A) HNO3 > H3SbO4 > H3AsO4 > H3PO4 (B) H3PO4 > H3AsO4 > H3SbO4 > HNO3
(C) HNO3 > H3PO4 >H3AsO4 > H3SbO4 (D) HNO3 > H3AsO4 > H3PO4 > H3SbO4
Q.41 Mixture used in Holme's signal is :
(A) CaC2 and CaCl2 (B) CaCl2 and Ca3P2
(C) CaC2 and Ca3N2 (D) CaC 2 and Ca3P2
Q.42 Phosphine is not evolved when :
(A) white phosphorus is boiled with a strong solution of Ba(OH)2
(B) phosphorus acid is heated
(C) Calcium hypophosphite is heated
(D) metaphosphoric acid is heated
Q.43 Different allotropic forms of sulphur differ in :
(A) crystalline structure (B) molecular weight
(C) chemical properties (D) chemical structure
Q.44 The number of S – S bond in sulphur trioxide trimer S3O9 (S3O5) is :

(A) three (B) two (C) one (D) zero
Q.45 Select the incorrect statement about Na2S2O3. 5H2O :

(A) It is also called hypo
(B) It is used in photography to form complex with AgBr
(C) It is used to remove stain of I2
(D) It can not be used as an antichlor
Q.46 Sulphuric acid is a dibasic acid in nature ; hence it forms :

(A) acidic salt (B) acidic and basic salt
(C) acidic and normal salt (D) double salt
Q.47 Which of the following a redox reaction occurs:
 
(A) CO2 + H2O  (B) SO2 + H2O 
high P high P
 
(C) SO3 + H2O  (D) P4O6 + H2O 
high P high P
Q.48 Which of the following react with water and liberate hydrogen gas:
(A) NH3 (B) B3N3H6 (C) SiH4 (D) PH3
Q.49 NaBr + NaBrO3 + con.H2SO4 gives:
(A) HBr (B) Br2 (C) SOBr2 (D) HOBr
Q.50 Which of the following give a product that is polymeric in nature
CH3
(i) Si + O2  (ii) CH3–Si–Cl + H2O 
CH3
 
(iii) B + N2   (iv) B2H6 + NH3  
(A) (i) and (iii) (B) (iii) and (iv) (C) (ii) and (iii) (D) (i) and (iii)
Q.51 In the contect process of H2SO4, SO3 dissolves in sulphuric acid to give :
(A) permonosulphuric acid (B) thiosulphuric acid
(C) pyrosulphuric acid (D) perdisulphuric acid
Q.52 Inorganic benzene on hydrolysis gives boric acid and two gases (A) and (B). Gas (A) on reaction with
an acidic gas at 185ºC and under high pressure produces an organic compound (C) containing about
47% of nitrogen by mass. Then (A), (B) and (C) will be respectively
(A) NH3, H2, NH2CONH2 (B) H2, N2, CH3COOH
(C) NH3, O2, NH2CONH2 (D) NH3, N2O, NH4OH
Q.53 Select correct statement :
(A) Acidic strength of HBr>HCl but reverse is true for their reducing property
(B) Basic strength of PH3> AsH3 but reverse is true for their Bond angle
(C) Dipole moment of CH3Cl>CH3F but reverse is true for their H C H bond angle
^
(D) K a1 of fumaric acid is higher than maleic acid but reverse is true for their K a 2
Q.54 Which of the following statement is incorrect
(A) Hypo 

 Na2S5 + Na2SO3
Microcosmic salt   NaPO3 + NH3 + H2O


(B)
Ammonium dichromate   N2 + Cr2O3 + H2O


(C)
Na2HPO3   PH3 + Na3PO4 + Na2HPO4


(D)
Q.55 Which of the following is not a disproportination
(A) NaOH + Cl2  (B) NaOH + P4 
(C) NaoH + S  (D) NaOH + Na2Cr2O7 
Q.56 Which of the following exist as dimer
(A) Al(CH3)3 (B) CH3Li (C) Si(CH3)4 (D) Be(CH3)2
Q.57 Which of the following has seven X–O–X bonds
(A) P4O7 (B) Ca2B6O11 (C) Na2B4O7 (D) (NaPO3)6
Q.58 Which is incorrectly matched?
(A) CsBr3  Cs+ + Br3– (B) I4O9  I3+ + (IO3–)3
(C) AgBrO3  Ag+ + BrO3– (D) I2O4  IO2– + IO2+
250ºC (X)
Q.59 H3PO4
600ºC
60
0º
C
(Y)
(A) (X) = Pyrophosphoric acid (liquid), (Y) = Metaphosphoric acid (liquid)

(B) (X) = Pyrophosphoric acid (liquid), (Y) = Metaphosphoric acid (solid)
(C) (X) = Pyrophosphoric acid (solid), (Y) = Metaphosphoric acid (solid)
(D) (X) = Pyrophosphoric acid (solid), (Y) = Metaphosphoric acid (liquid)
Q.60 The oxidation state of Gallium in GaCl2 is
(A) +1 (B) + 2 (C) +3 (D) +4
Q.61 Which of the following have peroxy linkage
(A) H2TiO4 (B) H2S2O8 (C) H4P2O6 (D) H2SO5
Q.62 In the structure of I2Cl6 compound, which of the following option is incorrect?
(A) Square planar geometry in solid state
(B) All the (I–Cl) bond length are not identical in solid state
(C) Ionise in liquid state & gives ICl4 & ICl2
+ –
(D) Monomer(ICl3) does not exist

Q.63 Which of the following reactions cannot take place as suggested by following chemical equations?
(A) BF3 + 3H2O  B(OH)3 + 3HF
cool
(B) FeSO4 + (NH4)2SO4 green vitriol
(C) B2O3 + 3C + 3Cl2  2BCl3 + 3CO
(D) BCl3 + 3EtOH  B(OEt)3 + 3HCl
Q.64 Which of the following have backbond :
(A) BF3 (B) CO (C) NO (D) AlCl3(solid)
Q.65 Which of the following does not exist as monomer in solid phase:
CH3
(A) SO3 (B) HPO3 (C) CH3–Si–OH (D) CO2

OH
Q.66 The extent of -bonding order in M–O is (M = Central atom)
(A) CO32– = NO3– = BO33– (B) CO32– > NO32– > BO33–
(C) BO33– > CO32– > NO3– (D) NO3– > CO32– > BO33–
Q.67 Which of the following option is correct for CO molecule
(1) The actual value of dipole moment in CO is less than expected value of dipole moment.
(2) p-p back bonding is present.
(3) CO is isostructural and isoelectronic with N2 and NO
(4) CO  CO+ bond length decreases
(A) 1, 3 and 4 (B) 1 and 2 (C) 2 and 3 (D) 2,3 and 4
Q.68 H3BO3 and HBO2 do not differ in:
(A) oxidation number (B) basicity (C) melting point (D) structure
Q.69 The correct order of Cl – O bond lengths in ClO– , ClO2– , ClO3– and ClO4– is :
(A) ClO4– < ClO3– < ClO2– < ClO– (B) ClO4– = ClO3– = ClO2– = ClO–
(C) ClO– < ClO2– < ClO3– < ClO4– (D) ClO3– < ClO4– < ClO2– < ClO–
Q.70 Sodium borate on reaction with concentrated H2SO4 and C2H5OH gives a compound A which
burns with a green edged flame . The compound A is :
(A) H2B4O7 (B) (C2H5)2B4O7 (C) H3BO3 (D) (C2H5)3BO3
MATRIX MATCH TYPE
Q.71 Match the following
Type of silicate No. of Oxygen atoms of each tetrahedral SiO44  shared with
neighbouring unit
(A) Chain Silicate (p) zero
(B) Ortho Silicate (q) 3
(C) Pyro Silicate (r) 2
(D) Cyclic Silicate (s) 1
Q.72 Match the following:

Column I Column II
(A) Bi+3  (BiO)+ (p) Heat
(B) (AlO2)-  Al (OH)3 (q) Hydrolysis
(C) SiO4-4  Si2O7-6 (r) Acidification
(D) (B4O7)-2  [B (OH)3] (s) Dilution by water

(A) Pyrosilicate (p) (Si2O5)n2n–
(B) Ortho silicate (q) (SiO3)n2n–
(C) Cyclic silicates (r) Si2O76–
(D) Two dimensional sheet silicate (s) SiO44–

Reactants Products
(A) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + P4 + H2O Cold

 (p) H3PO 4
(B) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + P4 + H2O Hot

 (q) Cu3P (black)
(C) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + PH3 + H2O  (r) Cu
(D) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + H3PO2 + H2O  (s) Cu2H2 (Red)
Q.75 Match the Column
Column I Column II
(Pair of species) (Identical property in pairs of species)
(A) PCl3F2 , PCl2F3 (p) Hybridisation of central atom
(B) BF3 and BCl3 (q) Shape of molecule/ion
(C) CO2 and CN2–2 (r)  (dipole moment)
(D) C6H6 and B3N3H6 (s) Total number of electrons
Column-I Column-II
(A) Broax 

 (p) BN
(B) B2H6 + H2O  (q) B2H6
(C) B2H6 + NH3(excess) 

 (r) H3BO3
(D) BCl3 + LiAlH4  (s) NaBO2 + B2O3

Column-I Column-II
(A) BCl3 (p) sp2
(B) H3BO3 (q) sp3
(C) B2 H 6 (r) Bridge structure
(D) Hybrid state of B and N in (H 3 NBF3 ) (s) Triangular planar shape

Column -I Column -II
(A) BBr3 + H2  B (p) Broax bead test
(B) Na2B4O7.10 H2O + CuSO4  Cu(BO2)2 (q) Reduction
(C) AlCl3 + H2O  HCl (r) White fumes
(D) Cr2O3 + Al  Cr (s) Hydrolysis

Column -I Column -II
(A) Al2 (C2)3 + H2O  (p) One of the products contains
both  and  bonds
(B) CH2(COOH)2 + P4O10  (q) Hydrolysis
(C) CH3SiCl3 + H2O  (r) Dehydration
on
(D) SnCl2.2H2O standing (s) Complex crosslinked polymer

Column–I Column–II
(A) Na2B4O7 (p) Hybridisation Sp3
(B) KMnO4 (q) Sp 2
(C) NH 4NO 3 (r) (M–O–M) Linkage
(D) SO3(Trimer) (s) Ionic & covalent

Column–I Coumn–II ( NaOH requires)
(A) PCl3 (p) 4
(B) AsCl3 (q) 3
(C) BCl3 (r) 5
(D) BiCl3 (s) 6
(A) Silicon (p) Semiconductor
(B) The charge on the anion is equal to the number of (q) Zone refining
terminal oxygen atoms
(C) Three shared corners and ten unshared coners (r) SiO44–
(D) Silicon atom at the centre of the tetrahedron and an (s) Si4O1310–
oxygen atom at each corner

(A) Borax (p) sp2
(B) PCl5(solid) (q) sp3
(C) H4IO6– (r) sp3d
(D) N3P3Cl6 (phosphazenes) (s) sp3d2

(A) NF3, F2, Br2, N2H4, H2O2 (p) All except one are cases of sp2
hybridization
(B) XeF4, SO2, PCl3F2, C3O2, PCl5(g) (q) all except one are cases of non
polar compound
(C) H3BO3, Graphite, NH4Cl, Na2CO3, SO3 (r) All except one are planar molecules
(D) Inorganic benzene, benzene, ICl4 , SO , NO
–
4
–
3
–
(s) all except one are cases where lone
pair bond pair repulsions cause
increase in bond length
Column I Column II
(A) XeF2 (p) sp3 d hybridisation
(B) N 3– (q) Linear
(C) C 3O 2 (r) sp hybridisation
(D) PCl5 (s) Number of  bond = Number of  bond
LINKED COMPREHENSION TYPE
Passage 1 :
All the boron trihalides except BI3 may be prepared by direct reaction between the elements. Boron
trihalides consist of trigonal - planar BX3 molecules. Unlike the halides of the other element in the
group they are monomeric in the gas, liquid and solid states, BF3 and BCl3 are gases, BBr3 is a
volatile liquid and BI3 is a solid. Boron trihalides are Lewis acids because they form simple Lewis
complexes with suitable bases, as in the reaction
BF3(g) + NH3(g)  F3B - NH3(s)
However, boron chlorides, bromides and iodies are susceptible (sensitive) to protolysis by mild
proton sources such as water, alcohols and even amines, for example BCl3 undergoes rapid hydroly-
sis.
BCl3(g) + 3H2O(l)  B(OH)3(aq) + 3HCl(aq)
It is supposed that the first step in the above reaction is the formation of the complex
Cl3B OH2 which then eleminates HCl and reacts further with water..
Q.86 Which of the following is the best order of Lewis acid strength of BF3 and BBr3?
(A) BF3 > BCl3 > BBr3 (B) BF3 =BCl3 =BBr3
(C) BF3 < BCl3 < BBr3 (D) BBr3 > BF3 > BCl3
Q.87 Which of the following is the correct prediction about observed B–X bond length, in BX3 molecules?
(A) B–F bond length in BF3 is found to be less than theoretical value because the electronegativity
values of B(2.04) and F(4.0) suggest the bond to be ionic and hence the attraction between
opositely charged ions must decrease the bond length
(B) BF3 and [BF4]– have equal B–F bond length
(C) The The decrease in the B–F bond length in BF3 is due to delocalised P – P bonding be-
tween vacant ‘2p’ orbital of B and filled ‘2p’ orbital of F.
(D) The correct B–X bond length order is B – F > B – Cl > B – Br > B – I
Q.88 Which is correct about the hydrolysis of BX3 ?
(A) All BX3 undergo hydrolysis to produce B(OH)3 (aq) and HX(aq).
(B) BF3 does not undergo complete hydrolysis due to formation of HBF4.
(C) BBr3 does not undergo hydrolysis at all because it cannot form H–bonds with water.
(D) All the above are correct.
Passage 2 :
A white crystalling solid (A) on dehydration gave a poisonous pseudohalogen gas (B). Compound (A)
when boiled with alkali gave a clourless gas (C). Which froms white fume with HCl . The fume con-
denses to a white solid (D) on cooling. (B) dissolves in caustic potash solution to gave two compounds
(pseudo halides ) (E) and (F). Compound (F) gives white precipitate (G) with AgNO3 solution but the
precipitate dissolves in excess of (E) When (F) is heated together with (D) a well known fertilizer
(H) is obtained. identify (A) to (H) and write the reaction involved.
Q.89 The hybridzaition shown by cpd 'B' (pseudo halides )
(A) sp3d (B) sp3d2 (C) sp2 (D) sp
Q.90 The ppt dissolves in excess of (E) due to formations of complex. The nature complex is
(A) Para, colourless (B) Dia, colourless (C) Dia, coloured (D) Para, coloured
Q.91 The hybridization shown by the cation & anions of compound ' A' are
(A) sp2, sp3 (B) sp2, sp2 (C) sp3, sp3 (D) sp3,sp2
Passage 3 :
A white solid (A) on heating with NaOH gives an alkaline gas (B) & a solid (C) . Both (A) and (C)
gives ring test while (C) gives golden yellow flame.(A) on strong heating is decomposed to give a
gas (D) & H2O . (D) is a neutral oxide it does not burn but helps more than air in burning.(D) on
heating at 920 °C which gives two gases (E) and (F) . The gas (E) when mixed with hydrogen at
high temperature and pressure give gas (B) . Gas (F) is essential for living system.(D) combines
with ‘C’ , ‘S’ , ‘P’ to form their acidic oxides . (D) on heating with sodamide gives sodium azide
& water.
Q.92 Gas (B) is used in clock in Washington due to :
(A) flipping (B) gaseous form (C) liquid (D) rotation
Q.93 The hybridization of central metal atom in cation and anion of compound (A) are respectively :
(A) sp3 & sp3 (B) sp3 & sp2 (C) sp2 & sp2 (D) sp & sp2
Q.94 Bond order of compound (D) is :
(A) 2.73 & 1.6 (B) 1.73 & 1.25 (C) 3 & 2 (D) 3.5 & 2.5
Passage 4 :
(i) P + C (carbon) + Cl2 Q + CO  (ii) Q + H2O R + HCl
(iii) BN + H2O  R + NH3  (v) Q + LiAlH4  S + LiCl + AlCl3
(v) S + H2  R + H2  (vi) S + NaH  T
(P, Q, R, S and T do not represent their chemical symbols)
Q.95 Compound Q has :
(I) zero dipole moment (II) a planar trigonal structure
(III) an electron deficient compound (IV) a Lewis base
(A) I, IV (B) I, II, IV (C) I, II, III (D) I, II, III< IV
Q.96 Compound T is used as a/an :
(A) oxidising agent (B) complexing agent (C) bleaching agent (D) reducing agent
Q.97 Compound S is :
(I) an odd -e– compound (II) (2c – 3e–) compound
(III) a electron deficient compound (IV) a sp2 hybridized compound
Choose the correct code:
(A) III (B) I, III (C) II, III, IV (D) I, II, IV
Passage 5 :
The mineral colemanite is fused with sodium carbonate, compound (Z) is obtained along with white
ppt. When (Z) reacts with conc. H2SO4 gives a compound (A) which on hydrolysis gives monobasic
acid (B) which on strong heating gives (C). (C) on reduction with Mg produced (D) and non metal
(X). (X) is a II period element and its valency shell have 3 electrons . Treatment of halogen on a
mixture of (C) and carbon at high temperature gives a halide (E) which is fuming liquid (b. pt. 13ºC)
along with a oxide (F), which is neutral in nature.
Based on the above paragraph answer the following questions .
Q.98 Compound (B) is weak acid in ........(a)......... & strong acid in ..........(b)........... What are (a) and (b) ?
(a) (b) (a) (b)
(A) H 2O glycol (B) glycol H 2O
(a) (b) (a) (b)
(C) glycol NH4OH (D) glycol NaOH
Q.99 By heating the non metal (X) in the atmosphere of nitrogen yields a compound (Y). The structure of
(Y) is similar to :
(A) diamond (B) graphite (C) silicate (D) carborundum
Q.100 The anhydrous form of (A) is :

(A) H3BO3 (B) B2O3 (C) H2B4O7 (D) B
Passage 6 :
(i) Boron +O 2 
700°C
 (X) (ii) (X)  C(carbon)  Cl 2  (Y)  CO
(iii) (Y)  LiAlH 4  (Z)  LiCl  AlCl3 (iv) (Z)  NH 3  (A)  (B)
Heat
(v) (Z)  NaH  (D)

Q.101 Compound (Z) is :
(i) sp3 Hybridized (ii) an electron deficient compound
(iii) 3C-2e compound (iv) having ethane like structure
(A) i, ii (B) i, ii iii (C) ii, iii (D) ii, iii, iv
Q.102 Compounds (X) and (Y) are :
(A) (X)  BO2 , (Y)  BCl2 (B) (X)  BO3 , (Y)  BCl4
(C) (X)  B2 O3 , (Y)  BCl3 (D) (X)  BO3 , (Y)  B4C
Passage 7 :
The molecular orbital description of borazine takes into consideration the formation of  and  bonds in
the ring. Because of the difference in electronegativity between boron and nitrogen, the  cloud i borazine
is lumpy with more electron density localized on nitrogen, rather than boron. This partial localization
weakens the -bonding in the ring. In addition nitrogen retains some of its basicity and boron retains
some of its acidity. Polar species such as HCl can therefore attack the double bond between N and B
centre leading to addition reactions
Q.103 Borazine + HCl Y
The structure of Y is
Cl
Cl B Cl
H B H N N
(A) N N (B) Cl Cl
B B
B B N
Cl N Cl Cl Cl
H
H
H Cl
B Cl B Cl
H H
N N N N
H H
(C) (D) B
Cl B B Cl B
H N
H N H
H
H H
Cl
Q.104 Identify the species not isoelectronic to borazine
(A) H3BO3 (B) H2B3O3 (C) ZnC2 (D) Benzene
Q.105 Identify which does not have sp3 hybridization

(A) Al centre in Al2Cl6 (B) B centre in B2H6
(C) carbanionic carbon in allyl (D) C centre in Zwitter–ion of alanine, smallest -amino acid
Passage 8 :
‘’Borax is actually made of two tetrahedral and two triangular units joined together and should be
written as ‘’
Na 2 [B4 O5 (OH) 4 ].8H 2 O
Q.106 Consider following statements about borax :
(A) Each boron atom has four B-O bonds
(B) Each boron atom has three B-O bonds
(C) Two boron atom has four B-O bonds while other two have three B-O bonds
(D) Each boron atom has one –OH group
Q.107 Select correct statements (s):
(i) Borax is used as a buffer
(ii) 1 M borax solution reacts with equal volumes of 2 M HCl solution
(iii) Titration of borax can be made using methyl orange as the indicator
(iv) Coloured bead obtained in borax-bead test contains metaborate
(A) i, ii (B) ii, iii iv (C) i, ii, iii, iv (D) i, iii
Passage 9 :
An inorganic compound (A) shows the following reactions, It is white solid and exist as dimer. It
gives fumes of (B) with much wet air. It sublimes on 180ºC and forms monomer if heated to 400ºC.
Its aqueous solution turns blue litmus to red. Addition of NH4OH and NaOH separately to a solution
of (A) gives white precipitate which is however soluble in excess of NaOH.
Q.108 Which of the following statement is correct for compound (A)
(i) it is a Lewis acid
(ii) its solution in water is acidic due to hydrolysis
(iii) it forms dimer
(iv) its anhydrous form is ionic in nature
(A) i , iii (B) i, ii, iii (C) i, iv (D) iii, iv
Q.109 On hydrolysis of anhydrous form of compound (A) forms two product (X) & (Y). What is the
nature of compound (X) & (Y).
(A) weak acid, weak base (B) strong acid, strong base
(C) weak base, strong acid (D) strong base, weak acid
Q.110 The oxide of compound (A) can’t be reduced by chemical reaction since
(A) its oxide is highly stable (B) its oxide is acidic in nature
(C) reducing agent contaminates (D) the process pollutes the environment
Q.111 Anhydrous form of (A) can be prepared by the reaction of
(A) BCl3 with H2 (B) BCl3 with LiAlH4
(C) FeCl3 with LiAlH4 (D) FeCl3 with H2
Passage 10 :
Ca2B6O11 + Na2CO3 
Fused
 (A) + (B) + CaCO3
(A) + CO2  (B) + Na2CO3
Solution H2O
(B) + Conc. HCl  NaCl + Acid
Acid (C) D.
Q.112 Compound D + Mg  product. The product is :
(A) B2O3 (B) B (C) MgB4O7 (D) Mg3(BO3)2
Q.113 Compound D + C + Cl2  product.The product is:
(A) HBCl4 (B) B2Cl6 (C) BCl3 (D) All of these
Q.114 Compound B + NaOH  product. The product is :
(A) Na2B4O7 (B) NaBO2 (C)Na 2 CO 3 (D) Na4B6O11
Passage 11 :
White crystalline solid (A) reacts with H2 to form a highly associated liquid (B) and a monoatomic,
colourless gas (C). The liquid (B) is used for etching glass. Compound (A) undergoes hydrolysis slowly
to form (C), (B) and a diatomic gas (D) whose IE is alsmost similar to that of (C). (B) forms an addition
compound with KF to form (E) which is electrolysed in the molten state to form a most reactive gas (F)
which combines with (C) in 2 : 1 ratio to produce (A).
Q.115 The molecular shape, and hybridization state of central atom in the molecule (A) is
(A) Linear, sp (B) Triangular sp3 (C) Linear, sp3d (D) V-shap, sp3
Q.116 The compund (F) is
(A) Cl2 (B) O2 (C) F2 (D) HF
Q.117 The diatomic gas (D) is
(A) F2 (B) O2 (C) HF (D) Cl2
Passage 12 :
Pseudo halides are anions haveing resemblance with halide ions. Group I metals can form
salts with pseudo halides. Pseudo halogens can act as ligands and form co-ordinate complexes.
their hydrides are weakly acidic and can be prepared in analogous way as halogen hydrides
are prepared. Azides, cyanides, selonocyanides are examples of pseudo halogens.
Q.118 CN– is pseudo halide, when cyanogens are heated with alkali, the products are:
(A) HCN, H2O (B) NH3,(NH4)2CO3 (C) NaCN, NaOCN (D) HCOONa, NH3
Q.119 When sodium cyanide reacts with H2SO4. The products are :
(A) HCN and Na2SO4 (B) HCN and NaHSO4
(C) (CN)2, Na2SO4, H2O (D) None of the above
Q.120 When sodium pseudohalide salts are dissolved in water it resembles with :
(A) NaCl (B) NaBr (C) NaF (D) NaI
Q.121 (CN)2 when react with Na metal, the product is :
(A) NaCN (B) Na2C, N2 (C) NaN3, carbon black (D) [Na(CN)2]–
Q.122 When sodium azide reacts with conc. sulphuric acid, the product is:
(A) (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4 (B) NH3, Na2SO4
(C) N3H, NaHSO4 (D) None of these
Passage 13 :
The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal
conditions. The low boiling points of the lighter nobel gases are due to weak dispersion forces
between the atoms and the absence of other interatomic interactions. The direct reaction of xenon
with f lourine leads to a series of compounds wi th oxidation numbers +2, +4 and +6. X eF4 reacts
voilently with water to give XeO3. The compounds of exhibit rich sterochemistry and their geometries
can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs in the valence shell.
Q.123 Argon is used in arc welding because of its
(A) low reactivity with metal (B) ability to lower the melting point of metal
(C) flammability (D) high calorific value
Q.124 The structure of XeO3 is:
(A) linear (B) planar (C) pyramidal (D) T-shaped
Q.125 XeF4 and XeF6 are expected to be:
(A) oxidizing (B) reducing (C) unreactive (D) strongly basic
Passage 14 :
The name “silica” covers an entire group of minerals which have the general formula SiO2 , the
most common of which is quartz . Quartz is a framework silicate with SiO4 tetrahedra arranged in
spirals . The spirals can turn in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction – a feature that results in
therebeing two mirror images , optically active , varieties of quartz .
Q.126 The following pictures represent various silicate anions . Their formulae are respectively :
(A) SiO32– Si3O72– (B) SiO44– Si3O108–

(C) SiO42– Si3O92– (D) SiO34– Si3O78–
Q.127 Si3O96– (having three tetrahedral) is represented as :
(A) (B)
(C) both (D) none of these

Q.128 The silicate anion in the mineral kinoite is a chain of three SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with
adjacent tetrahedra . The mineral also contains Ca2+ ions , Cu2+ ions and water molecules in a 1
: 1 : 1 ratio . Mineral is represented as :
(A) CaCuSi3O10 . H2O (B) CaCuSi3O10 . 2 H2O
(C) Ca2Cu2Si3O10 . 2 H2O (D) None of these
Passage 15 :
Silicons are synthetic polymers containing repeated R2SiO units . Since , the empirical formula is
that of a ketone (R2CO) , the name silicone has been given to these materials . Silicones can be
made into oils , rubbery elastomers and resins . They find a variety of applications because of their
chemical inertness , water repelling nature , heat resistance and good electrical insulating property.
Commercial silicon polymers are usually methyl derivatives and to a lesser extent phenyl derivatives
and are synthesised by the hydrolysi of :
R2 SiCl2 [ R = methyl (Me) or Phenyl () ]
Me2 SiCl2 H
2O

Q.129 If we mix SiMe3Cl with SiMe2Cl2 , we get silicones of the type :
(A) (B)
(C) both of the above (D) none of these

Q.130 If we start with SiMeCl3 as the starting material , silicones formed is :
(A) (B)
(C) both of the above (D) none of these
Passage 16 :
Carbides : Carbides are binary compounds of carbon with elements of lower or about equal
electronegativity. Carbides are classified into three types on the basis of chemical bonding. These
are salt-like carbides, covalent carbides and interstitial or alloy like carbides. Carbides are generally
prepared by heating the element or its oxide with carbon or hydrocarbon at very high temperature.
Salt-like carbides : These carbides are formed by the metal of groups IA, IIA and IIIA (except
boron), coinage metals, zinc, cadmium and some lanthanides.
Acetelides : These are the ionic carbides which yield acetylene on hydrolysis. These regarded as
derivative of acetylene and are thus called acetylides.
Methanides : These carbides evolve methane on hydrolysis. These are regarded as derivative of
methane and are called methanides.
Allylides : These carbides evolve allylene (methyl acetylene) on hydrolysis.
Mixed carbides : these carbides yield a mixture of hydrocarbon on hydrolysis.
Q.131 The example of ionic carbides are -
(i) TiC (ii) Mg2C3 (iii) Ag2C2 (iv) SiC
(A) i, ii (B) ii, iii (C) i, ii, iii (D) i, iv
Q.132 Propyne can be prepared from -
(A) Mg2C3 (B) Be2C (C) Al4C3 (D) all of these
Q.133 (i) covalent carbides are chemically inert and used as abrasives
(ii) carbides can be used as furnace lining
(iii) carborundum structure is similar to graphite
(iv) CaC2 is used for welding purpose
(A) FTFT (B) TFFT (C) FFFT (D) TTFT
Q.134 Same group no. & same period carbide compound on hydrolysed to give a gas along with a ppt
that ppt is heated to 1500ºC gives amphoteric compound. Identify amphoteric oxide and gas -
(A) Al2O3, CH4 (B) NaAlO2, propane (C) Al2O3, C2H2 (D) NaAlO2, propyne
Passage 17 :
Black material (A) when it is heated in air gives gas (B). Gas (B) is colourless & odourless, Which’s
solution (solution of (B) in water) converts phenolphthalein into pink in colour. One of the allotropic
forms of (A) is (A), which is diamagnetic & on oxidation by alkaline KMnO4 give mellitic acid. (A)
when on oxidation by conc. H2SO4 & conc. HNO3 gives another acid (C).
Q.135 (A) is -
(A) diamond (B) graphite (C) C-60 (D) C-70
Q.136 (B) on reaction with NaOH gives
(A) Na2CO3 (B) NaOH (C) Na2S2O3 (D) Na2SO3
Q.137 How many COOH groups are present in one molecule of mellitic acid.
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 6 (D) 4
Q.138 Acid (C) is -
(A) graphitic acid (B) mellitic acid (C) H2CO3 (D) H2SO3
Q.139 In molecular solid of (B) the bond which is present in between the molecules is -
(A) hydrogen bond (B) ionic bond
(C) Vander waal’s force of attraction (D) covalent
Passage 18 :
Carborundum, water glass, silicones, silicates are different types of compounds of Si. Carborundum
is formed round the central core of carbon, which is crushed, washed with H2SO4, NaOH, H2O
and dried. Water glass is prepared by fusing soda ash with pure sand at a high temperature. Silicones
are organosilicon polymers. Silicates are metal derivatives of silicic acid.
Q.140 What is the formula of water glass
(A) Na2Si O3 (B) Al2(OH)4 (Si2O5) (C) Be2SiO4 (D) Ca3Si3O9
Q.141 Identify the incorrect statement among the following
(A) ortho silicates contain single discrete units of SiO44- tetrahedra
(B) Hemimorphite belongs to pyrosilicate group
(C) chain silicate has anions of type (Si4O11)n6n-
(D) an zeolite belongs to two dimensional sheet silicate
Q.142 Which glass is used for making electrical bulbs and optical instruments
(A) soda glass (B) potash glass (C) flint glass (D) Jena glass
Q.143 What is the formula of silicic acid ?

(A) H4SiO4 (B) H2SiO3 (C) SiO2 (D) Na2SiO3
Q.144 Identify the type of silicone when we mix SiMe3Cl with SiMe2Cl2 - (on hydrolysis)
(A)
(B)
(C) both of the above (D) none of the above
Q.145 Which of the following contains S—O—S bonds

(A) pyrosulphurous acid (B) peroxo disulphuric acid
(C) pyro sulphuric acid (D) di thionic acid
Passage 19 :
A compound NaNO2 reacts with hydroxylaminehydrochloride to obtain a gasious product A. The gas A
react with copper to obtain a another gas B which upon reaction with Mg gives white crystalline solid C.
The compound C on hydrolysis give a gas D which turns red litmus into blue. The compound A also react
with hydrazinehydrochloride to obtain a crystalline compuond E. The compound E is also obtained from
A by reacting with NaNH2.
Q.146 Which of the following contain a pseudohalide?

(A) E (B) C (C) B (D) D
Q.147 Which of the following give a white precipitate with AgNO3?

(A) A (B) D (C) B (D) E
Q.148 Which of the following is isostructure with CO2?

(A) A (B) C (D) B (D) All of these
Passage 20 :
A liquid (A) is treated with Na2CO3 solution. A mixture of two salts (B) and (C) are produced in the
solution. The mixture on acidification with sulphuric acid and distillation produces the liquid (A) again.
Q.149 The compound A is:
(A) Br2 (B) PCl5 (C) PCl3 (D) SOCl2
Q.150 The compound B and ammonia on heating gives a gas D. The gas D is:
(A) N2 (B) N2O (C) NO2 (D) NCl3
Q.151 The oxidation no. of the central atom of the compound B is
(A) +1 (B) +3 (C) +5 (D) +6
Passage 21 :
The small size and high charge of Al3+ ion gives it a high charge density which is responsible for its
tendency to show (a) covalency in its compounds in the gaseous state (b) high hydration energy which
stabilizes its compounds in solution, and (c) high lattice energy of its compounds in the solid state.
Thus aluminium can forms both covalent and ionic bond.
Like halides of boron, halides of aluminium do not show bock bonding because of increase in size of
aluminium. Actually aluminium atoms complete their octets by forming dimers. Thus chloride and
bromide of aluminium. Actually aluminium atoms complete their octets by forming dimers. Thus
chloride and bromide of aluminium exist as dimers, both in the vapour state and in polar-solvents like
benzene while the corresponding boron halides exists as monomer. In boron trihalides the extent of
back bonding decreases with increase in size of halogens and thus lewis acid character increases. All
BX3 are hydrolysed by water but BF3 shows a different behaviour.
Q.152 The dimeric structure of aluminium chloride disappears when
(A) It dissolves in water (B) It reacts with donor molecules like R3N
(C) It dissolves in benzene (D) (A) & (B) both
Q.153 Which one of the following statements is correct.
(A) All boron trihalides are hydrolysed to boric acid.
(B) Anhydrous aluminium chloride is an ionic compound
(C) Aluminium halides make up the electron deficiency by bridging with halide or alkyl groups
(D) None of these
Q.154 Which of the following statements about anhydrous aluminium chloride is correct?
(A) It exists as AlCl3 molecule (B) It is not easily hydrolysed
(C) It sublimes at 100ºC under vacuum (D) It is a strong lewis base.
Passage 22 :
An orange salt (A) on heating with a volatile chloride (B) gives a neutral gas (C) and another gas
which can condense into liquid on cooling (D) and green residue (E). The gas (D) turns anhydrous
CuSO4 into blue. The gas (C) reacts with Mg and gives product (F). The product (F) on hydrolysis
give another gaseous product (G) which is alkaline in nature.
Q.155 The gas (C) is
(A) N2 (B) NH3 (C) H2O (D) N2O
Q.156 The volatile chloride (B) is
(A) AlCl3 (B) NH4Cl (C) HCl (D) CCl4
Q.157 The green residue is
(A) FeSO4 (B) Cr2O3 (C) FeO (D) CrCl3
Passage 23 :
Boron on heating at 700ºC in air gives white infusible amorphous powder (A). Which is decomposed when
heated in a current of steam to give a white powder (B) and a gas (C). Gas (C) turns red litmus blue and
in aq. solution gives (brown) colour with Nesseler's reagent. Compound (B) strong boiling gives (D). A
mixture of (D) and carbon on heating in a current of Cl2 gives a colour less fuming liquid (E). When (E)
reacts with lithium hydride, the compound (F) is formed, which on reaction with excess of gas(C) at low
temperature, the compound (X) is formed, which (X) on strong heating gives compound (Y). Compound
(Y) on hydrolysis give again gas (C), compound (B) and another gas (Z).
Q.158 In compound (X), which of the following types of bonds are present:
(A) Covalent (B) Coordinate (C) Ionic (D) all of these
Q.159 When gas (Z) reacts with ethene the gas (W) is formed. The gas (W) is
(A) Ethane (B) Methane (C) Cyanogen (D) Acetylene
Q.160 When blue vitriol reacts with excess of gas (C), the deep blue colour complex is obtained. The hybrid-
ization of that complex is
(A) sp3 (B) d2sp3 (C) dsp2 (D) sp3d2
Passage 24 :
Some observations related to an unknown inorganic substance A are presented below.
1 A is a yellowish – white deliquescent solid and it sublimes on heating. It has a molecular weight of
267.
2 A reacts violently with water, forming solution B.
3 When a solution of NH4Cl and NH4OH is added to solution B, a white gelatinous precipitate is
obtained
4 A sample of B also gives a curdy white precipitate C on addition of dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate
solution. This white precipitate C readily dissolves when dilute NH4OH is added, though a gelati-
nous white precipitate D is formed in its place with excess NH4OH.
5 Precipitate D is filtered off and is dissolved in excess NaOH to give a clear solution E.
6 When CO2 is passed through solution E, compound D is reprecipitated.
7 Substance A unchanged in dry ether, when this solution is reacted with excess LiH, it transforms to
G.
Q.161 Compound A is likely to be

(A) Dimer of FeCl3 (B) Dimer of AlCl3 (C) Dimer of SnCl2 (D) Dimer of CrCl3
Q.162 The curdy white ppt (C) is
(A) Al (OH )3 (B) Sn (OH )2 (C) Cr (OH )3 (D) AgCl

Q.163 The compound (G) reacts with boran trichloride to form
(A) acidic oxide of boron (B) compound containing 3c-2e bond
(C) boran nitride (D) lithium borohydride
REASONING TYPE
This section contains FIFTEEN questions . Each question contains STATEMENT- 1
(Assertion) and STATEMENT - 2 (Reason). Each question has 4 choices (A), (B), (C) and
(D) out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
(A) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True, Statement - 2 is a correct explanation for
Statement - 1
(B) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is True ; Statement - 2 is NOT a correct explanation
for Statement - 1
(C) Statement - 1 is True, Statement - 2 is False
(D) Statement - 1 is False, Statement - 2 is True
Q.164 Statement-1: SiF62 is known but SiCl26  in not known
Statement-2: Interaction of F lone pair electrons with Si is stronger than that of chlorine and due to
smaller size of F steric repulsion will be less.
Q.165 Statement-1: On cooling, the brown colour of NO2 disappears
Statement-2: On cooling NO2 forms dimmer N2O4 resulting in the pairing of odd electrons in NO2
Q.166 Statement-1: HNO3 is a stronger acid than HNO2
Statement-2: In HNO3 there are two nitrogen to oxygen bonds whereas in HNO2 there is only one.
Q.167 Statement-1: Covalency of oxygen is three

Statement-2: Dinegative anion of oxygen (O2–) is quite common but dinegative anion of sulphur
(S2-) is less common.
Q.168 Statement-1: P4 is more reactive than N2
Statement-2: P – P bonds are relatively weaker than N  N bond.
Q.169 Statement-1: Thermo dynamically Al should react with water and with air but both water and air can be
put in aluminum pot.
Statement-2: Al formed very thin layer of oxide with H2O and air which protect Al further reaction
Q.170 Statement-1: Al(OH)3 is amphoteric in nature
Statement-2: Al–O and O–H bonds can be broken with equal ease in Al(OH3).
Q.171 Statement-1: The acid-strength of boron trihalide is in the order:
BF3  BCl3  BBr3  BI3
Statement-2: As the size of halogen atom increases its electronegativity decreases.
Q.172 Statement-1: Borazole is aromatic in nature.
Statement-2: Nitrogen contributes -electrons to the system
Q.173 Statement-1: ZnO cannot be identified by Borax bead test
Statement-2: Boric acid forms sodium borate with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Q.174 Statement-1: NaBO3/OH– can be used for oxidation of Cr3+ to Cr6+
Statement-2: In alkaline medium NaBO3 produces H2O2
Q.175 Statement-1 : Aluminium and zinc metal evolve H2 gas from NaOH solution.
Statement-2 : Several non-metals such as P, S, Cl, etc. yield a hydride instead of H2 gas from NaOH.
Q.176 Statement-1: In B2H6 two electrons encompass three centres.
Statement-2: BH3 is an electron deficient species, to get stability dimerises by 3 centre,
two electron bond .
Q.177 Statement-1: Boron has high m.pt.and b.pt.
Statement-2: Boron exist as a giant covalent, polymeric structure both in solid as well as in liquid state.
Q.178 Statement-1: Pure boron is difficult to be formed.
Statement-2: Melting point of pure boron is very high and it is corrosive in liquid state.
Q.179 Statement-1: Molten AlBr3 is poor conductor of current.
Statement-2: AlBr3 being ionic in nature provides Al3+ and Br– ions.
Q.180 Statement-1: AlF3 is soluble in KF but addition of BF3 brings its precipitation.
Statement-2: BF3 is more acidic than AlF3 .
Q.181 Statement-1: Al(OH)3 and Fe(OH)3 both are insoluble in water but NaOH can be used to separate
them.
Statement-2: Al(OH)3 is soluble in NaOH.
Q.182 Statement-1: In water, orthoboric acid behaves as a weak mono-basic acid .
Statement-2: In water, orthoboric acid acts as a proton donor.
Q.183 Statement-1: He(I) is a normal liquid obtained by colling He gas at 4.2 K at which it shows
vigorous boiling whereas on cooling it to 2.2 K He(I) changes to He (II) which
possess abnormal properties.
Statement-2: The temperature at which He(I) changes to super fluid He(II) is called  point
temperature and at this temperature thermal motion of the atoms has actually stoped
but it does not solidify because interatomic forces are not enough.
Q.184 Statement-1: All clathrate compounds of noble gas are the compounds in which the molecules of
noble gases are trapped in cavities in the crystal lattice of other compounds.
Statement-2: He and Ne having smaller size do not form clathrate compounds molecules are
small because their enough to escape from cavities.
Q.185 Statement-1: On dissolution of xenates, [HXeO ] – in alkaline solution perxenate and Xe are
obtained.
4
Statement-2: Xenates, [HXeO ]– shows deproportionation in alkaline solution.

4
Q.186 Statement-1: Allylides on hydrolysis gives propane
Statement-2: due to the presence of C34- group.
Q.187 Statement-1 : In between SiCl4 and CCl4. only SiCl4 bis hydrolysed.
Statement-2 : SiCl4 is ionic and CCl4 is covalent compound.
Q.188 Statement-1 : CCl4 is hydrolysed by super heated steam in presence of iron or Cu.
Statement-2 : CCl4 + H2O  COCl2 + 2HCl
(Steam)
Q.189 Statement-1 : Diamond is tetrahedral, graphite is planar and C60 has bucky ball structure.
Statement-2 : Carbon in diamond, graphite and C60 is sp3, sp2 and sp hybridised respectively.
Q.190 Statement-1 : CO reacts with haemoglobin to form cherry coloured carboxy haemoglobin to
develop Asphyxia.
Statement-2 : The complex formed reduces the O2 absorbing tendency of haemoglobin.
Q.191 Statement-1 : CO forms a number of complexes with metals to give metal carbonyls.
Statement-2 : CO acts as  -acid ligand due to incomplete octet.
Q.192 Statement-1 : MgO is reduced by Si whereas SiO2 can be reduced by Mg.
Statement-2 : Si reduces MgO at high temperature. Mg is more electropositive than Si and thus
reduces SiO2.
Q.193 Statement-1 : CO forms a number of complexes with metals to give metal carbonyls.
Statement-2 : CO acts as  -acid ligand due to incomplete octet.
Q.194 Statement-1 : Elements of oxygen family are not capable of forming p-p bonds with other elements
of smaller size like C, N etc.
Statement-2 : Only oxygen possess this property to show multiple bonding.
Q.195 Statement-1 : Number of S––S bonds in H2SnO6 is (n - 1).
Statement-2 : H2SnO6 shows HO3S––S––SO3H.
(n–2)
Q.196 Statement-1 : O3 whenever used as oxidising agent essentially liberates O2.

Statement-2 : 3SnCl2 + 6HCl +O3 3SnCl4 + 3H2O is possible reaction showing oxidising nature of
O 3.
Q.197 Statement-1 : Cyclic trimer of SO3 is posses have six membered heterocyclic chains made up of S and
O-atoms.
Statement-2 : Cyclic trimer of SO3 is reffered as -SO3.
Q.198 Statement-1 : H2SO4 has high viscosity and high b. pt.
Statement-2 : H2SO4 shows strong H–bonding.
Q.199 Statement-1: AlCl3.6H2O is soluble in benzene.
Statement-2: AlCl3.6H2O exist as [Al(H2O)6]Cl3
Q.200 Statement-1: Thallium forms an alum K2SO4.Ti2(SO4)3.24H2O likeK2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O.
Statement-2: Thallium +1 oxidation state is more stable than +3 oxidation state due to inert pair
effect.
Q.201 Statement-1: Sulphur in vapour state exhibit paramagnetic behaviour.
Statement-2: It has two unpaired electrons in the antibonding  orbital.
Q.202 Statement-1: Ionisation energy graph of boron family is zig-zag.
Al In
Ionisation
Ga Tl
energy
Atomic number
Statement-2: Thallus ion is more stable than thalic ion.
Q.203 Statement-1: AlCl3 forms dimer Al2Cl6 but it dissolves in water forming [Al(H2O)6]3+ and Cl–
ions.
Statement-2: Aqueous solution of AlCl3 is acidic due to hydrolysis.
Q.204 Statement-1: Con.HNO3 react with white phosphorus and gives phosphorous acid (H3PO3)
Statement-2: HNO3 is an oxidizing agent, it oxidizes P4 into its oxyacid
Q.205 Statement-1: Hybridization of SO3 in cyclic trimer is sp2.
Statement-2: SO3 exists as cyclic trimer, due to unstable -system.
Q.206 Statement-1: The molecular formula of borax is OH
Na2B4O710H2O but water of crytallisation B
is only 8. O O
Statement-2: In borax molecule two B atoms
are sp3 hybridised and other two HO B B OH
are sp2 hybridised as shown O O
B
Q.207 Statement-1: Borazole is aromatic in nature.
Statement-2: Nitrogen contributes -electrons to the system OH
Q.208 Statement-1: Ozone is a powerful oxidising agent in comparison to O2.
Statement-2: Ozone is diamagnetic while O2 is paramagnetic.
FILL IN THE BLANKS
Q.209 A liquid which is permanently super cooled is frequently called a............
Q.210 SnCl4 + C2H5Cl + Na  ......................+......................
Q.211 C + HNO3 (conc.)  CO2 +......................+ H2O.

Q.212 In acidic medium tin (II) chloride reduces nitro-benzene to ..................
Q.213 The C––C bond length in graphite is ..............than in diamond.
Q.214 Carbon monoxide may be prepared by the ..............of formic acid or by the ...............carbon
dioxide.
Q.215 Oxides of lead are also used as ........in paints.
Q.216 ............and ............. are the forms of carbon which are good conductor of current.
Q.217 Charcoal is ............form of carbon.
Q.218 ...............is the crystalline form of silica.
Q.219 Butter of tin is ..................
Q.220 Radon is formed by the disintegration of .....................
Q.221 D3 line in the yellow region of the spectrum is observed in the spectrum of ............
Q.222 The credit for the discovery of inert gases goes to ............
Q.223 The first true compound of xenon was prepared by ............
Q.224 Dry bleaching is done by .............
Q.225 An oxide liberated chlorine from hot conc. HCl and oxygen from hot conc. H2SO4. It is a ..................
Q.226 On strong heating, SO2 decomposes into ....................and ..........................
Q.227 Sulphur dioxide bleaches either by .....................the colouring matter or by forming an ...............prod-
uct with it.
Q.228 O2 molecules has ............unpaired electrons and thus it is ...............
Q.229 Ozone is an ...........................of oxygen.
Q.230 When ClO2 is passed through an alkaline solution of Na2O2, ..............and .....................are formed.
Q.231 Oxygen is absorbed by alkaline solution of ............................
Q.232 ...............is evolved when non-metals are heated with conc. H2SO4.
Q.233 Pure H2SO4 is obtained by ..........................process.
Q.234 SO2 reacts with bromine is presence of moisture to form and .......................
Q.235 The more stable allotropic form of sulphur at room temperature is ......................
TRUE OR FALSE
Q.236 All the noble gases are present in atmosphere in very minute quantity.
Q.237 Monasite sand is source of argon gas.
Q.238 CaC2 can remove both N2 and O2 form air.
Q.239 On passing air over Mg, N2 and O2 can be removed from air.
Q.240 XeF6 is pentagonal bipyramidal.
Q.241 XeF4 show sp3 d2 -hybridization of Xe.
Q.242 XeO3 is an explosive compound.
Q.243 Contact process produces 98% H2SO4.
Q.244 Oxygen is diatomic while sulphur is octatomic.
Q.245 H2S is V-shaped molecule with a bond angle of 92.5º.
Q.246 Sulphurous acid and sulphuric acid both form two series of salts.
Q.247 Oxide ion is not easily polarized, so it is called a hard ion.
Q.248 O3 is a pale blue gas .
Q.249 Sulphur is used as medicine for skin disease.
Q.250 SO3 is planer triangular molecules having sp2 -hybridised sulphur atom.
Q.251 Ozone destroys meniscus of Hg.
Q.252 Peroxy disulphuric acid (H2S2O8) contains S––S bond.
Q.253 Dry SO2 does not bleach dry flowers.
E X E R C IS E 7
Q.1 The soldiers of Napolean army while at Alps during freezing winter suffered a serious problem as re-
gards to the tin buttons of their uniforms. White metallic tin buttons got converted to grey powder. This
transformation is related to: [AIEEE 2003]
(A) a change in the partial pressure of oxygyen in the air.
(B) a change in the crystalline structure of tin.
(C) an interaction with nitrogen of the air at very low to temperature.
(D) an interaction with water vapour contained in the humid air.
Q.2 Aluminium chloride exists as dimer, Al2Cl6 in solid state as well as in solution of non-polar solvents such
as benzene. When dissolved in water, it gives: [AIEEE 2004]
(A) [Al(OH)6] + 3HCl
3–
(B) [Al(H2O)6] + 3Cl (C) Al + 3Cl (D) Al2O3 + 6HCl
3+ – 3+ –
Q.3 In silicon dioxide: [AIEEE 2005]

(A) each silicon atom is surrounded by four oxygen atoms and each oxygen atom is bonded to two
silicon atoms
(B) each silicon atom is surrounded by two oxygen atoms and each oxygen atom is bonded to two
silicon atoms
(C) silicon atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms
(D) there are double bonds between silicon and oxygen atoms
Q.4 Heating an aqueous solution of aluminium chloride to dryness will give: [AIEEE 2005]
(A) AlCl3 (B) Al2Cl6 (C) Al2O3 (D) Al(OH)Cl2
Q.5 The stability of dihalides of Si, Ge, Sn and Pb increases steadily in the sequence:[AIEEE 2007]
(A) SiX2 << GeX2 << SnX2 << PbX2 (B) PbX2 << SnX2 << GeX2 << SiX2
(C) Ge<< SiX2 << SnX2 << PbX2 (D) SiX2 << GeX2 << PbX2 << SnX2
Q.6 In context with the industrial preparation of hydrogen from water gas (CO+H2), which of the folling is the
correct statement? [AIEEE 2008]
(A) CO is removed by absorption in aqueous Cu2Cl2 Solution.
(B) H2 is removed through occlusion with Pd.
(C) CO is oxidized to CO2 with steam in the presence of a catalyst followed by absorption of CO2
in alkali
(D) CO and H2 are fractionally separated suing differences in their densities.
Q.7 Among the following substituted silanes the one which will give rise to cross linked silicone polymer on
hydrolysis is: [AIEEE 2008]
(A) RSiCl3 (B) R2SiCl2 (C) R3SiCl2 (D) R4Si
Q.8 Which one of the following is the correct statement? [AIEEE 2008]
(A) Beryllium exhibits coordination number of six.
(B) Chlorides of both beryllium and alminium have bridged structures in vapour phase.
(C) B2H6.2NH3 is known as ‘inorganic benzene’
(D) Boric acid is a protonic acid.
E X E R C IS E 8
[ OBJECTIVE ]
IIT-JEE PROBLEMS
The p-Block Elements
A. Fill in the blanks :
Q.1 ________ is a weak acid (HF, HCl, HI)` [ 1981 ]
Q.2 The increase in the solubility of iodine in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide is due to the
formation of ________ . [ 1982 ]
Q.3 Hydrogen gas is liberated by the action of aluminium with concentrated solution of ________
[ 1987 ]
Q.4. ________ phosphorus is reactive because of its highly strained tetrahedral structure.
[ 1987 ]
Q.5. ________ acid gives hypo ________ ion .

[ hydrobromic, hypobromous, perbromic, bromide, bromite, perbromate ] [ 1988 ]
Q.6. Sulphur acts as ________ agent in vulcanization of rubber. [ 1989 ]
Q.7. The basicity of phosphorous acid (H3PO3) is ________ [ 1990 ]
Q.8. The hydrolysis of alkyl substituted chlorosicanes give ________ [ 1991 ]
Q.9. In P4O10, the number of oxygen atoms bonded to each phosphorous atom is ________
[ 1992 ]
Q.10. The lead chamber process involves oxidation of SO2 by atomic oxygen under the influence of
________ as catalyst. [ 1992 ]
Q.11. The hydrolysis of trialkylchlorosilane R3SiCl, yields ________ [ 1994 ]
Q.12. One recently discovered allotrope of carbon (e.g., C60) is commonly known as ________
[ 1994 ]
Q.13. Solubility of iodine in water is greatly increased by the addition of iodide ions because of the
formation of ________ [ 1994 ]
Q.14. The angel P-P-P in P4 molecule is ________ degree. [ 1997 ]
Q.15. When an aqueous solution of sodium fluoride is electrolysed, the gas liberated at the anode is
________ [ 1997 ]
B. True and false
Q.1. Red phosphorus is less volatile than white phosphorus because the former has a tetrahedral structure.
[ 1982 ]
Q.2. When PbO2 reacts with a dilute acid, it gives hydrogen peroxide. [ 1982 ]
Q.3. Carbon tetrachloride burns in air when lighted to give phosgene. [ 1983 ]
Q.4. Dil. HCl oxidizes metallic Fe to Fe2+ [ 1983 ]
Q.5. In aqueous solution chlorine in a strong oxidiszing agent than fluorine. [ 1984 ]
Q.6. The H-N-H bond angle in NH3 is greater than the H-As-H bond angle is AsH3. [ 1984 ]
Q.7. Carbon tetrachloride is inflammable. [ 1985 ]
Q.8. Graphite is better lubricant on the moon than on the earth [ 1987 ]
Q.9. All the Al–Cl bonds in Al2Cl6 are equivalent. [ 1989 ]
Q.10. Nitric oxide, though an odd electron molecule, is diamagnetic in liquid state. [ 1991 ]
Q.11. Diamond is harder than graphite. [ 1993 ]
Q.12. The tendency for catenation is much higher for C than for Si. [ 1993 ]
Q.13. HBr is a stronger acid than HI because of hydrogen bonding. [ 1993 ]
C. Multiple choice questions with One correct answer :
Q.1. HBr and HI reduce sulphuric acid, HCl can reduce KMnO4 and HF can reduce : [ 1981 ]
(A) H2SO4 (B) KMnO4 (C) K2Cr2O7 (D) none of the above
Q.2. Which of the following statements about anhydrous aluminium chloride is correct ?
(A) it exists as AlCl3 molecules (B) it is not easily hydrolysed
(C) it sublimes at 100ºC under vacuum (D) it is a strong Lewis base [ 1982 ]
Q.3. Moderate electrical conductivity is shown by : [ 1982 ]
(A) silica (B) graphite (C) diamond (D) carborundum
Q.4. Heavy water is
(A) H2O18 (B) Water obtained by repeated distillation
(C) D2O (D) water at 4ºC [1983]
Q.5. Chlorine acts as a bleaching agent only in presence of : [ 1983 ]
(A) dry air (B) moisture (C) sunlight (D) pure oxygen
Q.6. Nitrogen dioxide cannot be obtained by heating : [ 1985 ]
(A) KNO3 (B) Pb(NO3) (C) Cu(NO3)2 (D) AgNO3
Q.7. A gas that cannot be collected over water is : [ 1985 ]
(A) N2 (B) O2 (C) SO2 (D) PH3
Q.8. A gas that cannot be collected over water is : [1985]
(A) N2 (B) O2 (C) SO2 (D) PH3
Q.9. The compound which gives off oxygen on moderate heating is : [ 1986 ]
(A) cupric oxide (B) mercuric oxide (C) zinc oxide (D) aluminium oxide
Q.10. The compound whose 0.1 M solution is basic, is :
(A) ammonium acetate (B) ammonium chloride
(C) Na2CO3 and NaOH (D) NaHCO3 and NaCl [1986]
Q.11. The bonds present in N2O5 are :
(A) only ionic (B) covalent and coordinate
(C) only (D) covalent an ionic [ 1986 ]
Q.12. A solution of sodium sulphate in water is electrolysed using inert electrodes. The products at the cathode
and anode are respectively.
(A) H2, O2 (B) O2, H2 (C) O2, Na (D) O2, SO2 [1987]
Q.13. Which of the following oxides of nitrogen is a coloured gas ?
(A) N2O (B) NO (C) N2O5 (D) NO2 [ 1987 ]
Q.14. When a lead storage battery is discharged :
(A) SO2 is evolved (B) Lead is formed
(C) Lead sulphate is consumed (D) Sulphuric acid is consumed [ 1987 ]
Q.15. Amongst the trihalides of nitrogen which one is least basic ?
(A) NF3 (B) NCl3 (C) NBr3 (D) NI3 [ 1987 ]
Q.16. Bromine can be liberated form potassium bromide solution by action of :
(A) Iodine solution (B) chlorine water
(C) Sodium chloride (D) Potassium iodide [ 1987 ]
Q.17. Which one of the following is the strongest base?
(A) AsH3 (B) NH3 (C) PH3 (D) SbH3 [ 1989 ]
Q.18. The oxidation states of the most electronegative element in the products of the reaction, BaO2 with dil.
H2SO4 are: [ 1991 ]
(A) 0 and –1 (B) –1 and –2 (C) –2 and 0 (D) –2 and –1
Q.19. There is no S–S bond in : [ 1991 ]
(A) S2O42– (B) S2O52– (C) S2O3 2–
(D) S2O7 2–
Q.20. Read the following statement and explanation and answer as per the options given below :
Statement : Although PF5 , PCl5 and PBr6 are known, the pentahalides of nitrogen have not
been observed.
Explanation : Phosphorus has lower electronegativity than nitrogen.
(A) Both S and E are true and E is the correct explanation of S.
(B) Both s and E are true but E is not correct explanation of S.
(C) S is true but E is false (D) S is false but E is true [ 1994 ]
Q.21. In P4O10 each P atom is linked with .............. O atoms.
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5 [ 1995 ]
Q.22. H2SO4 cannot be used to prepare HBr from NaBr as it :
(A) reacts slowly with NaBr (B) oxidises HBr
(C) reduces HBr (D) disproportionate HBr [ 1995 ]
Q.23. Arrange List A List B
I. Explosive A. NaN 3
II. Artificial gem B. Fe 3O 4
III. Self reduction C. Sn
IV Magnetic material D Al2O3
E. Pb(N3)2
F. Fe 2O 3
G.. Sn
H. SiC
(A) I–A, II–D III–G, IV–B (B) I–E, II–H III–C, IV–F
(C) I–A, II–D III–G, IV–F (D) I–E, II–D III–G, IV–B [ 1995 ]
Q.24. Sodium thiosulphate is prepared by :
(A) reducing Na2SO4 solution with H2S
(B) boiling Na2SO3 solution with S in alkaline medium
(C) neutralising H2S2O3 solution with NaOH
(D) boiling Na2SO3 solution with S in acidic medium [1996]
Q.25. A dilute aqueous solution of Na2SO4 is electrolysed using platinum electrodes. The products at the
anode and cathode are: [1996]
(A) O2, H2 (B) S2O8 , Na
2–
(C) O2, Na (D) S2O8 , H2
2–
Q.26. The following acids have been arranged in the order of decreasing acid strength. Identify the correct
order : [1996]
ClOH (I), BrOH (II), IOH(III)
(A) I > II > III (B) II > I > III (C) III > II > I (D) I > III > II
Q.27. Hydrolysis of one mole of peroxodisulphuric acid produces :
(A) two moles of sulphuric acid
(B) two moles of peroxomonosulphuric acid
(C) one mole of sulphuric acid and one mole of peroxomonosulphuric acid
(D) one mole of sulphuric acid, one mole of peroxomonosulphuric acid and one mole of
hydrogen peroxide [ 1996 ]
Q.28. Which of the following statement is correct for CsBr3 ?
(A) It is a covalent compound. (B) It contains Cs3+ and Br¯ ions.
(C) It contains Cs+ and Br3¯ ions.
(D) It contains Cs+, and Br¯ and lattice Br2 molecule [ 1996 ]
Q.29. KF combines with HF to form KHF2. The compound contains the species.
(A) K+, F¯, and H+ (B) K+, F¯, and HF
(C) K+ and [HF2]¯ (D) [KHF]+ and F¯ [ 1996 ]
Q.30. Sodium thiosulphate is prepared by :
(A) reducing Na2SO4 solution with H2S
(B) boiling Na2SO3 solution with S in alkaline medium
(C) neutralising H2S2O3 solution with NaOH
(D) boiling Na2SO3 solution with S in acidic medium [ 1996 ]
Q.31. Which of the following halides is least stable and has doubtful existence ?
(A) Cl4 (B) Gel4 (C) Snl4 (D) PbI4 [ 1996 ]
Q.32. Which one of the following oxides is neutral ?
(A) CO (B) SnO2 (C) ZnO (D) SiO2 [ 1996 ]
Q.33. Which one of the following species is not a pseudohalide ?
(A) CNO¯ (B) RCOO¯ (C) OCN¯ (D) NNN¯ [ 1997 ]
Q.34. Read the following statement and explanation and answer as per the options given below :
Assertion : F atom has a less negative electron affinity than Cl atom.
Reason : Additional electrons are repelled more effectively by 3p electrons in Cl atom than by 2p
electrons in F atom
(A) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT, and reason is the CORRECT explanation
of the assertion.
(B) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT, but reason is not the CORRECT
explanation of the assertion.
(C) If assertion is CORRECT but reason is INCORRECT.
(D) If assertion is INCORRECT, but reason is CORRECT. [ 1998 ]
Q.35. Read the following statement and explanation and answer as per the optoins given below :
Assertion : Al(OH)3 is amphoteric in nature
Reason : Al – O and O – H bonds can be broken with equal ease in Al(OH3).
(A) If both assertion and reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(B) If both assertion and reason are correct, but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
(C) If assertion is correct but reason is incorrect
(D) If assertion is incorrect but reason is correct. [ 1998 ]
O
Q.36. Statement-I : The electronic structure of O3 is [1998]
O O
O
Statement-II : structure is not allowed because octet around O cannot be expanded.
O O
Q.37. Statement-I : LiCl is predominantly a covalent compound.
Statement-II : Electronegativity difference between Li and Cl is too small. [1998]
Q.38. Statement-I : HNO3 is a stronger acid than HNO2. [1998]
Statement-II : In HNO3 there are two nitrogen to oxygen bonds wheres in HNO2 there is only one.
Q.39. One mole of calcium phosphide on reaction with excess water gives : [ 1999 ]
(A) one mole of phosphine (B) two moles of phosphoric acid
(C) two mole of phosphine (D) One mole of phosphorus pentoxide
Q.40. On heating ammonium dichromate, the gas evolved is
(A) oxygen (B) ammonia (C) nitrous oxide (D) nitrogen [ 1999 ]
Q.41. In the commercial electrochemical process for aluminium extraction the electrolyte
used is : [ 1999 ]
(A) Al(OH)3 in NaOH solution (B) an aqueous solution of Al2(SO4)3
(C) a molten mixture of Al2O3 and Na3AlF6 (D) A molten mixture of AlO(OH) & Al(OH)3
Q.42. In compounds of type ECl3, where E = B , P , As or Bi , the angles Cl – E – Cl for different E
are in the order :
(A) B > P = As = Bi (B) B > P > As > Bi
(C) B < P = As = Bi (D) B < P < As < Bi [ 1999 ]
Q.43. Electrolytic reduction of alumina to aluminium by Hall-Heroult process is carried out : [ 2000 ]
(A) in the presence of NaCl (B) in the presence of fluorite
(C) in the presence of cryolite which forms a melt with lower melting temperature
(D) in the presence of cryolite which forms a melt with higher melting temperature
Q.44. The number of P – O – P bonds in cyclic metaphosphoric acid is : [ 2000 ]

(A) zero (B) two (C) three (D) four
Q.45. Ammonia can be dried by : [ 2000 ]
(A) conc. H2SO4 (B) P4O10 (C) CaO (D) anhydrous
Q.46. The correct order of acidic strength is : [ 2000 ]
(A) Cl2O7 > SO2 > P4O10 (B) CO2 > N2O5 > SO3
(C) Na2O > MgO > Al2O3 (D) K2O > CaO > MgO
Q.47. Amongst H2O, H2S, H2Se and H2Te, the one with the highest boiling point is : [ 2000 ]
(A) H2O because of hydrogen bonding
(B) H2 Te because of higher molecular weight
(C) H2O because of hydrogen bonding
(D) H2Se because of lower molecular weight [2001]
Q.48. The set with correct order of acidity is :
(A) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4
(B) HClO4 < HClO3 < HClO2 < HClO
(C) HClO < HClO4 < HClO3 < HClO2
(D) HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO
Q.49. The reaction, 3ClO–(aq)  ClO3–(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) is an example of
(A) oxidation reaction (B) reduction reaction
(C) disproportionation reaction (D) decomposition reaction [2001]
Q.50. The number of S––S bonds in sulphur trioxide trimer, (S3O9) is :
(A) three (B) two (C) one (D) zero [2001]
Q.51. The number of S–S bonds in sulphur trioxide trimer (S 3O9) is :
(A) three (B) tow (C) one (D) zero [ 2001 ]
Q.52. Read the following statement and explanation and answer as per the optoins given below :
Assertion : Between SiCl4 and CCl4, only SiCl4 reacts with water.
Reason : SiCl4 is ionic and CCl4 is covalent.
(A) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT, and reason is the CORRECT explanation
of the assertion.
(B) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT, but reason is not the CORRECT explanation
of the assertion.
(C) If assertion is CORRECT but reason is INCORRECT.
(D) If assertion is INCORRECT but reason is CORRECT. [ 2001 ]
Q.53. Polyphosphates are used as water softening agents because they :
(A) form soluble complexes with anionic species
(B) precipitate anionic species
(C) form soluble complexes with cationic species
(D) precipitate cationic species [ 2002 ]
Q.54. Identify the correct order of solubility of Na2S, CuS, and ZnS in aqueous medium:
(A) CuS > ZnS > Na2S (B) ZnS > Na2S > CuS
(C) Na2S > CuS > ZnS (D) Na2S > ZnS > CuS [2002]
Q.55. For H3PO3 and H3PO4 the correct choice is : [ 2003 ]
(A) H3PO3 is dibasic and reducing (B) H3PO3 is dibasic and non-reducing
(C) H3PO4 is tribasic and reducing (D) H3PO4 is tribasic and non-reducing
Q.56. H3BO3 is : [ 2003 ]
(A) Monobasic and weak Lewis acid (B) Monobasic and weak Bronsted acid
(C) Monobasic and strong Lewis acid (D) Tribasic and weak Bronsted acid
Q.57 (Me)2SiCl2 on hydrolysis will produce : [ 2003 ]
(A) (Me)2Si(OH)2 (B) (Me)2Si = O
(C) –[–O–(Me)2Si–O–]n– (D) Me2SiCl(OH)
Q.58 When I– is oxidised by MnO4– in alkaline medium, I– converts into :
(A) IO3– (B) I2 (C) IO4– (D) IO– [2004]
Q.59 Total number of lone pair of electrons in XeOF4 is :
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 [ 2004 ]
Q.60 The acid having O–O bond is :
(A) H2S2O3 (B) H2S2O6 (C) H2S2O8 (D) H2S4O6 [ 2004 ]
Q.61 Pb and Sn are extracted from their chief ore by :
(A) carbon reducing and self reduction respectively
(B) self reduction and carbon reduction respectively
(C) electrolysis and self reduction respectively
(D) self reduction and electrolysis respectively [ 2004 ]
Q.62 Name of the structure of silicates in which three oxygen atoms of [SiO 4]4– are shared .
(A) Pyrosilicate (B) sheet silicate
(C) Linear chain silicate (D) Three dimensional silicate [ 2005 ]
Q.63 Which is the most thermodynamically stable allotropic form of phosphorus ?
(A) red (B) white (C) black (D) yellow [ 2005 ]
Q.64 Which of the following is not oxidized by O3 ? [ 2006 ]
(A) KI (B) FeSO4 (C) KMnO4 (D) K2MnO4
Q.65 Which Blue liquid is obtained on reacting equimolar amounts of two gases at –30 ºC ?
(A) N2O (B) N2O3 (C) N2O4 (D) N2O5 [ 2005 ]
Q.66 When PbO2 reacts with conc. HNO3 the gas evolved is :
(A) NO2 (B) O2 (C) N2 (D) N2O [ 2005 ]
Q.67 If CO2 be passed into water, what will remain present in solution
(A) CO2, H2CO3, CO 32 , HCO 3 (B) H2CO3, CO2
(C) HCO3 , CO 32 (D) CO 2 , HCO 3 [ 2006 ]

–
Q.68 B(OH)3 + NaOH Na[B(OH)4](aq)

Which of the following is the best catalyst to take this reaction in forward direction
(A) cis1,2 diol (B) trans1,2 diol
(C) borax (D) Na2HBO4 [ 2006 ]
List1 List2
(A) Bi3+ 
 [BiO]
+
(p) Hydrolysis
(B) AlO 2 
 Al(OH)3 (q) Acidification
(C) SiO 24 

 Si 2 O 37 (r) Dilution with water
(D) B 4 O 72 
 B(OH)3 (s) heating [ 2006 ]
Passage
Chemical reactions incolve interaction of atoms and molecules. and large number of atoms/molecules
(approximately 6.023 ×1023) are present in a few grams of any chemical compound varying with their
atomic/molecular masses. To handle such large numbers conveniently, the mole concept was introduced.
This concept has implications in diverse areas such as analytical chemistry, biochemistry, electrochemis-
try and rediochemistry. The following example illustrates a typical case, involving chemical/electrochemi-
cal reaction, which requires a clear understanding of the mole concept. A 4.0 molar aqueous solution of
NaCl is prepared and 500 mL of this solution is electrolysed. This leads to the evelution of chlorine gas
at one of the electrodes (atomic mass : Na - 23, Hg = 200 , 1 faraday =36500 coulombs) [2007]
Q.70 Argon is used in are welding because of its:
(A) low reactivity with metal (B) ability of lower the melting point of metal
(C) flammability (D) high calorific value
Q.71 The structure of XeO3 is :
(A) linear (B) planar (C) pyramidal (D) T-shaped
Q.72 XeF4 and XeF6 are expected to be:
(A) oxidising (B) reducting (C) unreactive (D) strongly basic
ASSERTION AND REASON
Q.73 Statement-I : Boron always forms covalent bond
Statement-II : The small size of B3+ favours formation of covalent bond [2007]
Q.74 Statement-I : In water, orthoboric acid behaves as a weak monobasic acid.
Statement-II : In water, orthoboric acid acts as a proton donor. [2007]
Q.75 Statement-I : Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to give blue solutions.
Statement-II : Alkali metals in liquid ammonia give solvated species of the type [M(NH 3)n]+
(M = alkali metals). [2007]
D. Multiple choice questions with ONE or More than one correct answer :
Q.76 In the electrolysis of alumina, cryolite is added to : [ 1986 ]
(A) Lower the melting point of alumina (B) increase the electrical conductivity
(C) minimise the anode effect (D) remove impurities from alumina
Q.77 Nitrogen (I) oxide is produced by :
(A) thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate
(B) disproportination N2O4
(C) thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrite
(D) interaction of hydroxylamine and nitrous acid. [ 1989 ]
Q.78 The compounds used as refrigerant are :
(A) NH3 (B) CCl4 (C) CF4 (D) CF2Cl2 [ 1990 ]
Q.79 The Major role of fluorspar (CaF2), which is added in small quantities in the electrolytic reduction
of alumina dissolved in fused cryolite (Na3AlF6), is :
(A) as a catalyst
(B) to make the fused mixture very conducting
(C) to lower the temperature of the melt
(D) to decrease the rate of oxidation of carbon at the anode [ 1993 ]
Q.80 The material used in the solar cells contains :
(A) Cs (B) Si (C) Sn (D) Ti [ 1993 ]
Q.81 Sodium nitrate decomposes above 800 ºC to give :
(A) N2 (B) O2 (C) NO2 (D) Na2O [ 1998 ]
Q.82 White phosphorus (P4) has :
(A) six P-P single bonds (B) four P-P single bonds
(C) four lone pairs of electrons (D) PPP angle of 60º [ 1998 ]
Q.83 Ammonia , on reaction with hypochlorite anion, can form :
(A) NO (B) NH4Cl (C) N2H4 (D) HNO2 [ 1999 ]
Q.84 The nitrogen oxide(s) that contain(s) N-N bond(s) is(are)

(A) N2O (B) N2O3 (C) N2O4 (D) N2O5
[ 2009 ]
Q.85 The reaction of P4 with X leads selectively to P4O6. The X is [ 2009 ]
(A) dry O2 (B) A mixture of O2 and N2
(C)Moist O2 (D) O2 in the presence of aqueous NaOH
Q.86 In the reaction
2X  B2H 6  [BH 2 (X) 2 ] [BH 4 ]
The amine(s) X is (are)
(A) NH3 (B) CH3NH2 (C) (CH3)2NH (D) (CH3)3N
Q.87 Match each of the reactions given in Column I with the corresponding product(s) given Column II
(A) Cu + dil. HNO3 (p) NO
(B) Cu + conc, HNO3 (q) NO 2
(C) Zn + dil HNO3 (r) N 2O
(D) Zn + conc HNO3 (s) Cu(NO3)2
(t) Zn(NO)3)2
E X E R C IS E 9
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Q.1 Give reasons for the following in one or two sentences. [1983]
“Solid carbon dioxide is known as dry ice.”
Q.2 Complete and balance the following reactions. [1983]
(i) HNO3 + HCl = NO + Cl2
(ii) Ce3+ + S2O82– = SO42– + Ce4+
(iii) Cl2 + OH– = Cl– + CIO–
Q.3 Write the matched set (of three ) for each entry in column A: [1984]
A B C
Asbestos Paramagnetic Air pollutant
Lithium metal Silicates of Ca and Mg Electron
Nitric oxide Reducing agent donor
Q.4 Show with balanced equations what happens when the following are mixed: [1984]
Aqueous solution of ferric sulphate and potassium iodide.
Q.5 Give reasons in one or two sentences for each of the following: [1985]
(i) Graphite is used as a solid lubricant,
(ii) Fluorine cannot be prepared from fluorides by chemical oxidation.
Q.6 Write down the resonance structure of nitrous oxide. [1985]
Q.7 Write down the balanced equations for the reactions when, [1985]
(i) calcium phosphate is heated with a mixture of sand and carbon,
(ii) Ammonium sulphate is heated with a mixture of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide
Q.8 give reasons in one or two sentences for the following: [1986]
“H2O2 is a better oxidising agent than water.”
Q.9 Arrange the following in the order of : [1986]
(i) Increasing bond strength
HCl, HBr, HF, HI
(ii) Increasing oxidation number of iodine
I2, HI, HIO4, ICI
Q.10 Complete and balance the following reactions: [1986]
(i) S + OH–  S2– + S2O32– ...............+..................
(ii) CIO3– + I– H2SO4  Cl– + HSO4– + ..............+...........
Q.11 Mention the products formed in the following : [1987]
“Chlorine gas is bubbled through a solution of ferrous bromide.”
Q.12 Write balanced equations for the following [1987]
(i) Phosophorus is reacted with boiling aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide in an inert atomosphere
(ii) Dilute nitric acid is slowly reacted with metallic tin.
Q.13 Explain the following in one or two sentences only: [1987]

(i) Magnesium oxide is used for the lining of steel making furnace.
(ii) The mixture of hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide with a copper (II) catalyst is used as a rocket
propellent
(iii) Orthophosphorus acid is not tribasic acid
(iv) The molecule of magnesium chloride is linear, whereas that of stannous chloride is angular.
Q.14 Give reason for

“valency of oxygen is generally two, whereas sulphur shows valency of two, four and six.”
Q.15 Give balanced equations for the following :

(i) lodate ion reacts with bisulphite ion to liberate iodine
(ii) Phosophorus react with nitric acid to give equimolar ratio of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide
(iii) Carbon dioxide is passed through a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride saturated with
ammonia.
Q.16 Arrange the following in each subquestion as indicated:

(i) HOCl, HOClO2, HOClO3, HOClO in increasing order of thermal stability.
(ii) CO2, N2O5, SiO2 SO3 in the order of increasing acidic character
Q.17 Write the balanced chemical equations for the following: [1989]
(i) Hypophosphorus acid is heated
(ii) Sodium bromate reacts with fluorine in presence of alkali
(iii) Sodium chlorate reacts with sulphur dioxide in dilute sulphuric acid medium.
Q.18 Explain the following : [1989]

(i) H3PO3 is a dibasic acid
(ii) Phosphine has lower boiling point than ammonia
Q.19 Each entry in column X is in some way related to the entries in columns Y and Z. Match the appropriate
entries. [1989]
X Y Z
Yeast Fermentation Ethanol
Mical Graphite Abrasive
Superphosphate Crystallite cubic Insulator
Carbon fibres Layer structure Fertilizer
Rock salt Diamond structure Reinforced
plastices
Carborndum Bone ash Preservative
Q.20 Write balanced equations for : [1990]
(i) The preparation of crystalline silicon from SiCl4.
(ii) The preparation of phosphine from CaO and white phosophorus
(iii) The preparation of ammonium sulphate from gypsum, ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Q.21 Write the two resonance structures of N2O that satisfy the octet rule. [1990]
Q.22 Write balanced chemical equation for the following reactions. [1990]
(i) Aqueous solution of sodium nitrate is heated with zinc dust and caustic soda solution
(ii) Sodium iodate is added to a solution sodium bisulphite
Q.23 Write the balanced chemical equations for the following [1991]
(i) Sodium nitrite is produced by absorbing the oxides of nitrogen in aqueous solution of washing soda
(ii) Nitrogen is obtain by pottasium-permanganate
(iii) Elemental phosphorus reacts with conc. HNO3 to give phosphoric acid
(iv) Sulphur is precipitated in the reaction of hydrogen sulphide with sodium bisulphite solution
(v) Carbon dioxide is passed through a suspension of limestone in water
Q.24 Arrange the following as stated: [1992]

(i) Increasing order of basic caracter
MgO, SrO, K2O, NiO, Cs2O
(ii) Increasing order extent of hydrolysis
CCl4, MgCl2, AlCl3, PCl5, SiCl4
Q.25 Give reasons in one or two sentences:
“Ammonium chloride is acidic in liquid ammonia solvent.”
Q.26 Write the two resonance structures of ozone which satisfy the octet rule. [1991]
Q.27 Give resons in two or three sentences only for the following: [1992]
(i) Bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than that of Cl2
(ii) Sulphur dioxide is a more powerful reducing agent in the alkaline medium than in acidic medium.
Q.28 Complete and balance the following chemical reactions: [1992]

(i) Red phosphorus is reacted with iodine in presence of water
P + I2 + H2O ...............+...............
(ii) Anhydrous potassium nitrate is heated with excess of metallic potassium
KNO3(s) + K(s)  ...........+..........
Q.29 In the following reaction, identify the compounds A, and B [1994]

PCl5 + SO2 A + B
For following select : [1994]
(A) Both S and E are true and E is the correct explanation of S
(B) Both S and E are true but E is not the correct explanation of S
(C) S is true but E is false (D) S is false but E is true
CHEMISTRY
Q.30 Statement-1 : Although PF5, PCl5 and PBr5 are known, the pentahalides of nitrogen have not been
observed.
Statement-2 : Phosphorus has lower electronegativity than nitrogen.
Q.31 Statement-1 : The alkali metals can form ionic hydrides which contain the hydride ion H–.
Statement-2 : The alkali metals have low electro-negativity, their hydrides conduct electricity when
fused and liberate hydrogen at the anode.
Q.32 Complete and balance the following reactions: [1994]
(i) Ca5(PO4)3F + H2SO4 + H2O heat ..............+ 5CaSO42H2O + ...........
(ii) Sn + 2KOH + 4H2O  .................+ .............
Q.33 Account for the following : Write the answers in four or five sentences only [1995]
(i) The experimentally determined N––F bond length in NF3 is greater than the sum of the single bond
covalent radii of N and F
(ii) Mg3N2 when reacted with water gives off NH3 but HCl is not obtained from MgCl2 on reaction with
water at room temperature.
(iii) (SiH3)3N is a weaker base than (CH3)3N.
Q.34 Calcium burns in nitrogen to produce a white powder which dissolves in sufficient water to produce a
gas A and an alkaline solution. The solution on exposure to air produces a thin solid layer of B on the
surface. Identify the compounds A and B. [1994]
Q.35 Draw the structure of P4O10 and identify the number of single and double P––O bonds.
Q.36 Complete the following chemical equations
KI + Cl2 
KCIO3 + l2 
Q.37 Write balanced equations for the following:
(i) Phosphorus is treated with concentrated nitric acid
(ii) Oxidation of hydrogen peroxide with potassium permanganate in acidic medium
(iii) Manufacture of phosphoric acid from phosphorus
(iv) Reaction of aluminium with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Q.38 Element A burns in nitrogen to give an ionic compound B. Compound B reacts with water to give C and
D. A solution of C becomes ‘milky’ on bubbling carbon dioxide. Identify A, B, C and D.
Q.39 A soluble compound of a poisonous element M, when heated with Zn/H2SO4, give a colourless and
extremely poisonous gaseous compound N, which on passing through a heated tube gives a silvery
mirror of element M. Identify M and N.
Q.40 The crystalline salts of alkaline earth metals contain more water of crystallization than the corresponding
alkali metal salts. Why? [1997]
Q.41 Anhydrous AlCl3 is covalent. From the data given below, predict whether it would remain covalent or
become ionic in aqueous solution. [1997]
(Ionisation energy for Al = 5137 kJ mol–1
Hhydration for Al3+ = –4665 kJ mol–1|
Hhydration for Cl– = –381 kJ mol–1|
Q.42 Aluminium sulphide gives a foul odour when it becomes damp. Write a balanced chemical equation for
the reaction. [1997]
Q.43 Arrange the following sulphates of alkaline earth metals in order of decreasing thermal stability:
BeSO4, MgSO4, CaSO4, SrSO4
Q.44 Draw the structure of a cyclic silicate, (Si3O9)6– with proper labelling.
Q.45 Reaction of phosphoric and with Ca5(PO4)F yields a fertilizer “triple superphosphate”. Represent the
same through balanced chemical equation. [1998]
Q.46 Complete and balance the following chemical equations: [1998]

(i) P4O10 + PCl5 
(ii) SnCl4 + C2H5Cl + Na 
Q.47 Work out the following using chemical equations: [1998]

“Chlorination of calcium hydroxide produces bleaching powder.”
Q.48 Hydrogen peroxide acts both as an oxidizing and as a reducing agent in alkaline solution towards certain
first row transition metal ion. Illustrate both these properties of H2O2 using chemical equations.
[1998]
Q.49 A white solid is either Na2O or Na2O2. A piece of red litmus paper turns white when it is dipped into a
freshly made aqueous solution of the white solid. [1999]
(i) Identify the substance and explain with balanced equation.
(ii) Explain what would happen to the red litmus if the white solid were the other compound.
Q.50 Give reasons for the following in one or two sentences only.
“BeCl2 can be easily hydrolysed.” [1999]
Q.51 In the following equation : [1999]
A + 2B + H2O  C + 2D
A = HON2, B = H2SO3, C = NH2OH).
Identify D. Draw the structure of A, B, C and D .
Q.52 In the contact process for industrial manufacture of sulphuric acid some amount of sulphuric
acid is used as a starting material. Explain briefly. What is the catalyst used in the oxidation of SO 2.
[1999]
Q.53 Give an example of oxidation of one halide by another halogen . Explain the feasibility of the reaction.
[ 2000 ]
Q.54 Draw the molecular structure of XeF2 , XeF4 and XeO2F2 indicating the location of one pair(s) of
electrons [ 2000 ]
Q.55 Give reason(s) why elemental nitrogen exists as a diatomic molecule whereas elemental phosphorous
as a tetratomic molecule. [ 2000 ]
Q.57 Compound X on reduction with LiAlH4 gives a hydride Y containing 21.72% hydrogen alongwith other
products. The compound Y reacts with air explosively resulting in boron trioxide. Identify X and Y. Give
balanced reactions involved in the formation of Y and its reaction with air. Draw the structure of Y .
[ 2001 ]
Q.58 Starting form SiCl4, prepare the following in steps not exceeding the number given in parenthesis (give
reactions only ) [ 2001 ]
(i) Silicon (I)
(ii) Linear silicon containing methyl group only (4)
(iii) Na2SiO3(3)
Q.59 Hydrogen peroxide solution (20 mL) reacts quantitatively with a solution of KMnO4 (20 mL) acidified
with dilute H2SO4. The same volume of the KMnO4 solution is just decolourised by 10 mL of MnSO4 in
neutral medium simultaneously forming a dark brown precipitate of hydrated MnO2. The brown ppt. is
dissolved in 10 mL of 0.2 M sodium oxalate under boiling condition in the presence of dilute H2SO4.
Write the balanced equations involved in the reactions and calculate the molarity of H2O2. [ 2001 ]
Q.60 Identify (X) in the following synthetic scheme and write their structures. [ 2001 ]
BaCO3 + H2SO4  X(gas) (C denotes C ) 14
Q.61 Write the balanced equations for the reactions of the following compounds with water:
(i) Al4C3 (ii) CaNCN (iii) BF3 (iv) NCl3 (v) XeF4
Q.62 Identify the following :

SO2 Na2CO3 elemental S I2
Na2CO3 A B C D
Also mention the oxidation state of S in all the compounds.
Q.63 Arrange the following oxides in the increasing order of Bronsted basicity.
Cl2O7, BaO, SO3, CO2, B2O3
Q.64 The coordination number of Al in the crystalline state of AlCl3 is [2009]

ANSWERSHEET
Exercise - 01
1. Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid. This is because it does not behave as proton donor but acts as a
Lewis acid by accepting electrons from a hydroxyl ion.
B (OH)3 + 2HOH  [B(OH)4]– + H3O+
Due to the formation of above complex ions, the concentration of H3O + becomes more than
10–7 mol L–1 and hence its aqueous solution behaves as weak acid.
2. In metal borides boron shows–3 oxidation state.
3. Serpeck’s process
4. Galena, PbS is the principle ore of lead
5. Aluminium reduces the oxides of metals like Cr, Fe, Mn.
Cr2O3 + 2Al  2Cr + Al2O3
6. Ammonia is obtained as a valuable by-product.
7. Cryolite is used in the process of extraction of aluminium. It is added to reduce the fusion temperature
from 2000 ºC to 900 ºC and to convert alumina, a bad conductor of electricity to good conductor
of electricity after making a fusion mixture with it.
8. Dilute nitric acid has no effect on Al because of the formation of thin film of oxide on its surface.
9. Mercury reacts with ozone to produce mercurous oxide.
2Hg + O3  Hg2O+ O2
The mercurous oxide thus formed dissolves in mercury which loses its meniscus and starts sticking to the
glass. This is called tailing of mercury.
10. Zinc blende type structure is found in -cristobalite form of silica in which occupying S2– position
and other lattice from Si occupying Zn2+ position. The oxygen atoms present midway between the
Si atoms. The radius ratio confirms a coordination number of 4, and 4:2 structure.
11. When a strip of iron or zinc is suspended in a solution of lead salt, lead is deposited as an ‘arborescent’
mass of crystals called lead tree.
12. Willemite (Zn2SiO4) and Phenacite (Be2SiO4).
13. In CCl4, the octet of carbon is complete and due to non-availability of d-orbitals in its configuration, it
can not expand its octet. Thus, CCl4 does not react with HCl. On the other hand, in SiF4, Si atom has
vacant 3d-orbitals and can expand its octet. Thus, SiF4 reacts with HF and forms H2SiF6.
14. Due to the presence of P – H bond in H3PO3, it can undergo simultaneous oxidation and reduction
(disproportionation) while H3PO4 does not contain P – H bond hence no oxidation is possible.
4H3PO3  3H3PO4 + PH3
15. When massicot (yellow lead monoxide) is heated in a current of air for several hours at 340ºC,
red lead is formed.
16. Lead sesquioxide is obtained.
Na 2 PbO 2 + Na 2 PbO3  Pb2O3 + 2Na2O

Sodium Sodium
plumbite metaplumbate
17. Pb3O4 is represented as 2PbO.PbO2 or as plumbous orthoplumbate, Pb22+[Pb4+O4]

18. Pentahydrated stannic chloride, SnCl4.5H2O is known as ‘butter of tin’.
CHEMISTRY
19. A substance used to remove excess of chlorine is called antichlor. For example, hypo.
20. The glow called phosphorescence is due to the oxidation of phosphorus vapour with atmospheric oxygen.
Light is emitted during the reaction.
21. Boron nitride is known as white graphite. It gives a very hard substance, borazon (like diamond),
on heating at 3000 ºC and 10,000 atm. pressure.
22. Thermite is mixture of ferric oxide. (Fe2O3) and aluminium in the ratio of 3 : 1 and is used in thermite
welding.
23. K2MnF6 + 2SbF5   2KSbF6 + MnF3 + 1/2F2
In this reaction weak lewis acid MnF4 is displaced by stronger one, SbF5 from K2MNF6. Being
unstable in nature MnF4 decomposes to MnF3 and F2.
24. Size of F smaller than Cl therefore, in SiF62– has lesser steric repulsions. Moreover, the interaction
of lone pair electrons of F with Si is stronger than that of the lone pairs of chlorine.
25. When a part of SiO2 is replaced by boric oxide or borax, the glass becomes heat resistant and is
known as borosilicate or borosil or pyrex glass.
26. Na2SiO3.CaSiO4.4SiO2.
27. Sulphure is used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid and Se is used as a photoconductor in
photocopying mechanics.
28. Sulphur exists as S2 molecule in vapour state which has two unpaired electrons in the antibonding
* orbital like O2 molecule. Because of this reason sulphur exhibits paramagnatism.
29. On warming NaOCl solution undergoes disproportionation reaction i.e. the oxidation state of chlorine
increases as well as decreases, thus NaOCl solution becomes unstable on warming.


heat
3NaOCl NaClO3 + 2NaCl
Sodium hypochlorite Sodium chlorate Sodium chloride
30. Nitrogen atom having a small atomic size, have more electron density and thus a lone pair of electrons is
more available for sharing with a proton. On moving down the group, the electron density goes on
decreasing due to increase in atomic size and thus a lone pair of electron is less available for sharing with
a proton. Thus, ammonia is distinctly basic, phosphene is weakly basic, while other hydrides of this
group do not show any basic character.
31. Hydrides of silicon are known as silanes. Examples: Monosilance (SiH 4) disilane (SI2H6) etc.
32. Nitrogen due to its small atomic size can easily form multiple bonds. Thus, nitrogen exists as N  N
discrete molecules and because of very weak van der Waal’s forces among small N2 molecules, it is a
gas at room temperature. However, phosphorus due to its large atomic size can not form multiple
bonds. Thus phosphorus exists as a tetra atomic (P4) molecule. Due to larger molecule, P4 exhibit
stronger van der Waal’s forces. Thus phosphorus exists as a solid at room temperature.
33. HIO4 < HClO4 < HB4O4 (Because the standard electrode potential
Weakest Strongest oxidising potential, XO4¯;XO3¯ is highest in
oxidising agent agent case of HBrO4)
34. N. Bartlett (1962) noticed that PtF6 (platinum hexafluoride) is a powerful oxidising agent and combined
with molecular oxygen (O2) to form an ionic compound Dioxygenyl hexafluoroplatinate (V) or
O 2 [PtF6 ]  . Formation of this compound indicates that PtF6 can oxidise O2 to O 2 ions.
PtF6 (g)  O 2 (g)  O 2 [PtF6 ]  (s)

Now xenon and oxygen have certain similarities like:
(i) First ionisation energy of xenon and dioxygen (O2) molecule are almost equal.
CHEMISTRY
(ii) Molecular size of oxygen and xenon are almost equal.
Taking into account the above factors, Bartlett argued that since oxygen combines with platinum hexafluo-
ride, so xenon should also form similar compound with platinum hexafluoride. When he mixed deep red
vapours of PtF6 with an excess of Xe at room temperature an orange yellow solid of formula Xe  [PtF6 ] 
was formed. Xe(g)  PtF6 (g)  Xe  [PtF6 ]  (s)
35. Ozone has two resonances forms :

The molecular structure of O3 in bent with an O O
O – O – O bond angle of approximately 120o.
The  bond in ozone is delocalised over the O O O O
entire molecule; neither individual O – O bond
is a full double bond, so the observed O – O
distance of 1.28 Å is greater than the 1.21 Å distance in O2, which has a full O – O double bond.
36. Germanite is rare mineral in which 0.1 to 1% gallium is found with the sulphides of Zn, Cu, Ge
and As.
37. Ozone oxidises Hg to mercury suboxide which starts sticking to glass and loses its mobility. Hence Hg
loses its meniscus in contact with ozone. However it can be regained by the action of H2O2.
2Hg + O3  Hg2O + O2
Exercise - 02
Q.1 A Q.2 D Q.3 D Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 B Q.7 A
Q.8 B Q.9 B Q.10 A Q.11 D Q.12 D Q.13 D Q.14 C
Q.15 B Q.16 B Q.17 A Q.18 B Q.19 B Q.20 B Q.21 A
Q.22 C Q.23 D Q.24 C Q.25 D Q.26 C Q.27 C Q.28 A
Q.29 A Q.30 D Q.31 A Q.32 A Q.33 D Q.34 D Q.35 B
Q.36 C Q.37 D Q.38 A Q.39 D Q.40 A Q.41 A Q.42 D
Q.43 D Q.44 D Q.45 A Q.46 D Q.47 C Q.48 A Q.49 A
Q.50 D
Exercise - 03
Q.1 M+ ionic state of group 13 elements exists due to inert pair effect when ns2 electrons
penetrate in (n – 1) d subshell to become inert. The inert pair effect begins from n 
4 and increases with increase in value of n. The n i.e., outermost shell for boron is 2
and thus it does not form B+ ion.
Q.2 *
Q.3 Both B and Al has ns2np1 configuration and thus removal of first electrons occurs from
2p and 3p respectively. IN Be and Mg (ns 2) the removal of first electron takes place
from 2s and 3s respectively. More close are subshells to the nucleus, more tightly are
held electrons and thus difficult is their removal.
Q.4 In < Al < Tl < Ga < B. The I.E. values do not decrease smoothly down the group. The
decrease from B to Al is usual trend due to increased size. The poor shielding by ‘d’
electrons resulting in d-block contraction affect the values in later elements.
Q.5 Here metallic and non-metallic characters are explained in terms of the lattice structure of
the solid. Boron has 6 or less atoms as nearest neighbours in solid state while gold has
12 atoms. In general, good metals have a large number of neighbours atoms, while non-
metal have relatively less atoms.
Q.6 B2O3 + 6HCl 2 BaCl3 + 3H 2O
B2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaBO2 + H 2O
Q.7 In Borazine B = N bonds are polar and therefore reactivity of borazole is more than
benzene which possesses non polar C = C and C – C bonds. The more negative group
attacks boron atom.
Q.8 It provides characteristic coloured beads with different metals and is therefore used in
qualitative analysis.
Na2B4O7 2NaBO2 + B2O3
Co + B2O3 Co(BO2)2
Blue
Q.9 B4O2–7(aq)
+ 2H +
(aq)
+ 5H O
2 (l)
4H 3BO 3(aq)
B4O5(OH) 2] 7(aq) + 2H (aq) + 4H 2O(l)
2– +
4H 3BO 3(aq)
Q.10 Borax solution in water produces weak acid H3BO3 and its salt Na[B(OH)4]
Na2B4O7 + 7H 2 2Na[B(OH)4] + 2H 3BO 3
salt (weak acid)
Q.11 As the end point, the pH is about 4 and thus methyl orange is used as indicator.
Q.12 Because these are not capable of forming multiple bonds due to repulsion between non bonded electron
of the inner core. So the p – p bonding in p; as is therefore not possible.
Q.13 The tendency of the pair ns electrons to remains inert increases with increase of atomic number (inert
pair effect).
Q.14 It is not possible for p and As atom to form p – p bond because these atoms can not come closer to
each other to form p – p bonds due to the increased repulsion from the non-bonding electrons of
penultimate shell. However N – atom do not encounter any repulsion. Since they contains 1s2 electrons
in their penultimate shell ; thus N – atom can form N2 species.
Why copper dissolves in HNO3 but not in HCl because HNO3 is an oxidising agent which converts
copper in to CuO which dissolve in HNO3 in the form of copper nitrate.
Q.15 In soil, it is converted into ureas which then decomposes into ammonia, this is assimilated by plants.
CaCN2 + H2O + CO2 CN NH2 + CaCO3
CN NH2 + H2O NH2 – CO – NH2
(urea)
NH2 – CO – NH2 + H2O 2NH3 + CO2
Q.16 P2H4, the liquid hydride is always present in impure phosphine. It catches fire when it comes in contact
with air.
Q.17 Due to large size of iodine, the effective overlapping between the orbital of P and I is not possible to form
covalent bonds.
Q.18 Because H3PO3 possesses two hydroxyl group
O
HO – P – OH
H
Q.19 Urea on hydrolysis gives NH3 and CO2. NH3 is assimilated by plants and CO2 goes to atmosphere so
no residue is left in soil. Ammonium sulphate on hydrolysis gives NH3 and H2SO4. NH3 is assimilated
while H2SO4 is retained in soil making it acidic.
Q.20 In (SiH3)3N the lone pair of electrons. On nitrogen is used UP in p – d back bonding such a p – d
bonding is not possible in (CH3)3N due to absence of d-orbitals in carbon. This accounts form more
basic nature of (CH3)3N than (SiH3)3N.
Q.21 MgCl2 is a salt of strong acid and strong base so it's hydrolysis is not possible whereas Mg3N2 is a salt
of a strong base, Mg(OH)2 and a weak acid NH3, so it gets hydrolysed to give NH3.
Q.22 Halogen's is a Greek word meaning a sea salt and the salt of VII A group element are found in sea water.
Q.23 It is due to high inter electronic repulsions between non bonding electrons in the 2P-orbitals of fluorine.
As a result F–F bond is weaker in comparison to Cl–Cl and Br–Br bond.
Q.24 The standard reduction potential of fluorine is maximum. Thus F + e–  F–
Thus, it can not be oxidised by any other reagent. F– ion is very stable due to small size and high
electronegativity of fluorine atom.
Q.25 In anhydrous state, HCl is a covalent molecule in aqueous solution, HCl combines with water molecule
to form H3O+ and Cl– ion.
HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl–
Q.26 Halogen absorb part of the light visible region. Which cause excitation of outer electron to energy levels.
The excitation energy depends on the size of the halogen atom. The smaller the atom, the greater the
excitation energy. Thus fluorine absorbs violet light and thus appears yellow.
Q.27 Halogens act as strong oxidising agents because they have high tendency to accept electron. Because
they have high electro affinity values. Their reduction potential are high (positive) and decrease from F to
I. Thus oxidising nature decreases from F to I.
Q.28 F atom has no d-orbital in the valency shell, thus it can not have any excited state and consequently can
not show any of the higher oxidation states.
Q.29 In the case of Bromine the penultimate shell (3s2 3p6 3d10) is weakly screening and hence the energy
required to promote on electron from 4s-orbital is higher then in chlorine and thus bromine does not
show +7 oxidation state.
Q.30 It is due to complex formation. (solvent  halogen)
Q.31 It is due to following facts –
(i) As the size increase, the attraction for an additional electron by the nucleus become less. The
reactivity decreases.
(ii) Due to decrease in electronegativity from F to I. The bond between halogen and other elements
becomes weaker.
(iii) Dissociation energy for F–F is very low.
Q.32 HClO is an acid, thus turns blue litmus in to red. HClO is also an oxidising agent. The nascent oxygen
given by HClO bleaches the red litmus.
Red litmus + O  Colourless
Q.33 Chlorine bleaching action is due to oxidation while that of SO2 is due to reduction. Hence, the substance
bleached by SO2 is reoxidised by the oxygen of the air to its original state.
Q.34 Ionisation potential decreases on moving down from F to I. The iodine can lose electrons and form
positive ions and hence shows metallic character.
Q.35 Because A – B bond is weaker than B – B bond.
Q.36 Due to maximum value of it electronegativity value.
Q.37 The bond energy of oxygen-oxygen double bond (O = O) is quite large that of oxygen-oxygen single
bond while sulphur-sulphur double bond is not so large than sulphur-sulphur single bond as a result- O–
O–O chains are less stable as compared to O = O molecule while - S - S - S - chains are more stable
than S = S molecule.
Q.38 Due to presence of high electronegative oxygen atom water forms hydrogen bond but H2S not.
Q.39 When the atomic mass increases the M–H bond length is increases so thermal stability is decreases.
Q.40 The reducing nature increases as the atomic number of the central atom increases. This is due to weak-
ening of M-H bond as the bond length increases with increase of size of M-atom.
Q.41 It is a good bleaching agent, the bleaching action is due to its oxidising action on the organic matter
coloured substance +[O] ––– colourless.
Q.42 Because the dissociation energies decrease as the bond length M–H increase from oxygen to tellurium.
It is also explained on the basis of charge density on M–2 anion . The charge density on M–2 ion de-
creases as the size of M atom increases from O to Te. This charge density is responsible for the decrease
in dissociation energies.
Q.43 It is due to it's high value of electronegativity.
Q.44 Fluorine have greater electronegativity than oxygen.
Q.45 It is due to polarizing power of Cu+2, Ag+, Hg+2 ion owing to which they form strong bond with S–2 ion.
Q.46 Because fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen.
Q.47 The oxygen molecule is diatomic involving a double bond. It's small size produces weak intermoleculer
forces amongst its molecules and is, thus, a gas at room temperature sulphur is in capable of forming
-bonds. Its molecule has a puckered ring structure of eight sulphur atoms joined by single covalent bonds.
The intermolecular forces acting between S8 molecules are stronger and hence sulphur is a solid.
Q.48 All the elements of oxygen family have configuration of ns2np4 of outer most orbit. They all tend to
attain 8 electron by accepting two more electron so all show-2 oxi state. Oxygen has no -d-orbitals
while other have d-orbitals in their valency shells thus ; the paired oribitals can be unpaired by shifting
electrons to -d- orbitals.
Q.49 The colour arises from electronic transition which excite the ground state (triplet) to a singlet state. This
transition is forbidden in gaseous dioxygen. In liquid or solid dioxygen a single photon max collide with
two molecules simultanceously and promote both two excited states, absorbing red-yellow-green light
so O2 appears blue.
II excited state singlet
I excited state singlet
Ground state triplet
Q.50 It is due to the repulsion between two electrons in singlet state.

Q.51 O3 is avoid the unpleasant small and teste of Cl2 and any excess O3 decomposes to O2.
Exercise - 04
Q.1 C Q.2 C Q.3 D Q.4 C Q.5 A Q.6 B Q.7 B
Q.8 D Q.9 C Q.10 C Q.11 B Q.12 D Q.13 D Q.14 D
Q.15 D Q.16 A Q.17 C Q.18 C Q.19 C Q.20 D Q.21 A
Q.22 C Q.23 B Q.24 A Q.25 A Q.26 A Q.27 C Q.28 A
Q.29 C Q.30 C Q.31 D Q.32 A Q.33 D Q.34 A Q.35 C
Q.36 B Q.37 D Q.38 D Q.39 D Q.40 C
Exercise - 05
Q.1 A; H3BO3, B: C2H53BO3 burns with green edge flame. This is chemistry of borate flame test.
Q.2 H3BO 3 or BOH3 is weak mono-basic acid and partially reacts with H2O to form H3+O
and BOH4¯ ion.
2BCl 3 + 3H 2   2B + 6HCl 2BI3   2B + 3I2

red hot W red hot W
Q.3
RCN  RCH 2NH 2 RNO 2  RNH 2

B H B H
Q.4 2 6 2 6
RCHO  RCH 2OH

2 6 B H
Q.5 Back bonding occurs in boron halides to compensate the electron deficiency and hence
Lewis acidity is decreased. The tendency of back bonding a maximum in BF3 and decreases
from BF3 to BI3 s the size of the halogen increases. p-orbitals of high energy shells in
bromine overlap less effectively with vacant p-orbital of boron in BBr3. Thus BBr3 is
stronger acid and BF3 as it has still tendency to accept electrons to remove electron
deficiency.
Q.6 BH3 undergoes dimerisation to form B2H6 giving rise to hydrogen bridge bond forced by
electron deficiency of the compound. No such bonds exist in BX3. because due to back
bonding p-p bonding in B–X bond, B atom in BX3 is not as much electron deficient
as in BH3.
Q.7 Due to ns2np1 configuration it can share three electrons with other atoms.
Q.8 2BOH 3 + 5CH3CO 2O  CH 3COO 2B—O—BOOCCH 32 + 6CH3COOH
Boron acetate
Q.9 a Excess of NH3 and low temperature
B2H6 + 2NH3 B2H6.2NH 3 or [NH3  BH 2  NH 3+ [BH 4¯
Heat
B 3N 3 H 6
ii Excess of NH3 and higher temperature.
B2H6 + NH3 BNx Boron nitride
Q.10 In solid, BOH3 units are hydrogen bonded together into 2-D sheets with almost hexagonal
symmetry.
H H
H H B H H
H B H H B
H
H H H H
H B H H B H
B H
H H
H
H H
Hydrogen bonded structure of orthoboric acid
Q.11 B atom in BH3 monomer of B2H6 is electron deficient and so BH3 acts as Lewis acid.
B2H6 + 2CH33N 2[CH 33N  BH 3
Q.12 BI3 < BBr3 < BCl3 < BF3
Q.13 Because back bonding p-p bonding is maximum in B—F bond as it is shortest
B—X bond.
Q.14 Due to liberation of free halogen by photolysis.
Q.15 The electropositive or metallic character of gp. 13 elements increases from B to Tl. B
being nonmetal and thus forms acidic hydroxide. Al forms amphoteric hydroxide and Tl,
the most metallic form basic hydroxides.
Q.16 Both B and Al possess small atomic radii and thus contribute more effectively to polarize
an anion adjacent to them which results in covalent character in molecule (Fajan’s rule).
Q.17 Both boron and aluminium atoms in their halides possess six electrons in their valence shell
and thus possess the tendency to accept a lone pair to act as Lewis acid.
Q.18 AlCl3 forms dimer by completing octet of Al involving p-orbitals to accept electron pairs
from Cl atoms as:
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
Al + Al Al Al
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
The non-existence of the dimer of boron trifluoride is that the energy released by the
formation of an additional bond to another boron atom as required for the formation of a
dimer is not sufficient to compensate for the loss in energy to the system in overcoming
the B—F p–p bonding in the monomer itself.
Q.19 C6H6 + CH 3Cl 

3  C 6H5CH 3 + HCl
BF
Q.20 The surface of Al reacts readily with water to decompose it even at ordinary temperature
to form a protective layer of its oxide Al2O3 which protects it from further action.
CHEMISTRY
Q.21 NaOH is strong alkali. AlOH3 being amphoteric dissolves in NaOH and forms soluble
sodium meta aluminate.
Q.22 Alloys of Al + Mg: Duralumin, Magnalium
Mg is the lightest constructional metal in industry having density less than 2/3 of Al. Thus
it improves mechanical properties, weld ability and resistant to corrosion.
Q.23 Due to its amphoteric nature and high reactivity.
Q.24 Bauxite, Hall-Heroult process.
Q.25 It is heap and light metal with high tensile strength and possesses tendency to form alloys
with several other metals like Cu, Mg, Mn, Zn etc. Al does not corrode easily.
4LiH + AlCl3   LiAlH4 + 3LiCl

Et O
Q.26 2
LiAlH4 is a reducing agent in organic synthesis.

Q.27 It is cheaply available. However, Since it has lesser conducting nature than copper, thicker
aluminium wires are used.
Q.28 During electrolysis of alumina and cryolite for the manufacture of Al, oxygen evolved at
the anode reacts with carbon of anode to form CO and CO2 and thus anode is slowly
consumed.
Q.29 Aluminium has large discharge potential than H+ ion and thus during electrolysis of its
aqueous salt solitons, Al3+ ions are not discharged at cathode. On the contrary, H+ ions
are discharged at cathode to liberate H2.
Q.30 Al has great affinity for oxygen and forms Al2O3 with evolution o excessive amount of
heat. Finely divide Al powder has larger surface area and thus reacts vigorously with air
and is hazardous.
Q.31 Alum act as strong coagulating agent for the suspended negatively charged impurities of
dust, dirt particles in colloidal state.
Q.32 Pure alumina has very high m.pt 2000ºC as well as it is poor conductor of electricity.
Q.33 Alumina has very high m.pt. and fuses at about 2000º. Addition of cryolite lowers the
fusion temperature of mixture as well as increases the conductance of fusion mixture.
Q.34 AlCl3 is a salt of weak base and strong acid and show hydrolysis of Al3+ ion i.e. why it
is acidic in nature.
Al 3+ + 3H 2O AlOH 3 + 3H +
On the other hand NaCl being salt of strong acid, and strong base so it does not undergo
hydrolysis.
Q.35 Al has great affinity for oxygen and thus it reduces a large number of electropositive metal
oxides to metals.
Fe2O3 + 2Al Al 2O3 + 2Fe; H = –ve
Cr2O3 + 2Al Al 2O3 + 2Cr; H = –ve
Q.36 Ordinary fire needs during of material in atmospheric oxygen. Water not only cools the
during material but also keeps oxygen away by covering material. In thermite reaction
oxygen involved in metal oxide is used during combustion as well a high temperature
produced during thermite reactions give rise to decomposition of H2O by Al to H2 and
O 2.
Q.37 Duralumin, an alloy of Al, Cu, Mg and Mn is light, strong and durable and hence is very
much used in aircraft industry.
Q.38 Al becomes passive due to the coating of Al2O3 when it comes in contact with conc.
HNO3 and becomes inert for further reaction.
Q.39 These substances accept electron pair e.g., BF3 from NH3, AlCl3 from water Lewis concept
H F
H—N: + B—F [H3N BF3]
Adduct
H F
Lewis base Lewis acid
Q.40 Al3+ ions liberated from alum are highly effective in coagulating negatively charged colloids
like blood, muddy water etc. due to their high valency. Blood coagulates and makes a
clot and thus the bleeding stops.
Q.41 Due to the formation of a protective oxide film on the surface. It does not corrode easily.
Q.42 In presence of con. HNO3, the Al surface gets oxidised and covered by an oxide film
which prevents it for further action.
Q.43 Chrome plating protects steel by cathodic protection. Ni protects by covering the entire
surface with a less active metal as long as no scratches or imperfections develops
Q.44 The aluminium while protecting steel by cathodic protection, would itself be more susceptible
to oxidation.
Q.45 The trivalent metal cations of about the same size as that of Al3+ are capable of replacing
aluminium in alums e.g. Ti3+, Cr3+, Mn3+, Fe3+ and Co3+.
Q.46 Impure form of Al2O3 containing Fe2O3 and silica is called emery. It is coated over paper
to produce sand paper or emery paper, used for polishing metals.
Q.47 The size of chloride ion is large than fluoride ion. Due to higher polarisation in AlCl 3, it
behaves as a covalent compound. The electronegativity difference between Al and Cl is
1. 5 while between Al and F it is 2.5. Thus, the bond between Al and F is ionic and
between Al and Cl covalent nature.
Q.48 Aluminium can be used with good results in air-craft parts if the speed of air-craft does
not exceed 2.4 times the speed of sound.
Q.49 Al on coming in contact with conc. HNO3 becomes passive due to the coating of aluminium
oxide on its surface and thus Al container can be used to store conc. HNO3.
Q.50 Smaller anion F¯ in AlF3 is least polarized in comparison to large anion Cl¯ in AlCl 3 by
Al3+ cation. Thus AlF3 is more ionic in comparison to AlCl3 and has high m.pt. is solid
state.
Q.51 AlBr3 is covalent in nature and thus during fusion does not produce Al3+ and Br¯ ions.
Hence it is poor conductor of current.
Q.52 Metals oxides which during reaction with carbon form carbides are not reduced by carbon,
Al which has great affinity for oxygen is used to reduce such metal oxides to metals.
Q.53 AlOH3 reacts with acids and alkalies both
AlOH3 + 3HCl AlCl3 + 3H2O;
AlOH3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + 2H 2O
Q.54 a Ammonal is a mixture of Al + NH4NO3. It is used in bomb formation.
b Bentnotite is Al–Si clay used as fire extinguisher spreaded over fire by aeroplane.
c Rubies and saphire are Al2O3, the gems
d Lapis Lazuli is sodium aluminium silicate, a precious stone.
Q.56 Al 3s23p1 involves removal of 3p-electron to give Al+ ion, whereas Mg 3s2 involves removal
of 3s-electron to give Mg+ ion, s-orbitals being closer to nucleus and thus it requires more
energy to liberate electron
Q.57 Bauxite Al2O3. xH2O The various reactions for purification are
2Al2O3s + 6OH¯ + 3H 2O 2[AlOH63–
2[AlOH 6 aq + 6CO2g
3–
Al 2O3 + 3H 2O + 6HCO3̄aq
The electrolysis of Al2O3 involves.
Anode : O2– O 2 + 2e
Cathode: Al + 3e
3+
All
Q.58 Tl 3d10, 4s2 4p1 shows inert pair effect and thus tendency to show higher oxidation state
decreases. i.e. Tl+ is more stable than Tl3+.
Q.59 Al to Tl common states are +3 and +1. Stability order in +1 follows Al < Ga < In <
Tl. Tl+ is more stable than Tl3+.
Q.60 i AlX3 > BX3 > GaX3
ii AlCl3 > AlBr3 > AlI3
iii B < Al > Ga > In > Tl
Q.61 AlCl3 also crystallizes in an essentially ionic lattice containing 6 coordinate metal ions, but
dissolves in non-polar solvents.
Heat
Crystalline AlCl3 Gaseous AlCl3
Co-ordination Number = 6
Cl
Cl Cl Cl Heat
Al Al Al
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
C.N. 4 C.N. 3
Q.62 Because both liberated brown fumes of NO2 on heating with conc. H2SO4.
Q.63 HNO3 decomposes to form yellow N2O4 in sun light.
Q.64 NO2 is an acidic gas, it is absorbed in NaOH.
Q.65 Maximum H – bonding present in water as oxygen is the most electronegative atoms N, P, Cl and O.
Q.66 In addition to being an acid, nitric acid is a strong oxidising agent. Before hydrogen is evolved, it reduces
nitric acid in to nitrogen oxides.
Q.67 Phosphine being highly inflammable, burn in air, it is there fore prepared in inert atmosphere.
Q.68 Becaue in presence of moisture, the evolved fluorine reacts with moisture to form O2 and O3.
Q.69 Due to formation of potassium tri-iodide KI3 easily breaks down and thus the solution has all the prop-
erties of free iodine.
I2 I+I
KI + I2 KI3
Q.70 Because HBr and HI are strong reducing agent and reduce H2SO4 to SO2 and get themselves oxidised
to bromine and iodine respectively.
Q.71 This behaviour is due to association of HF molecules through hydrogen bonding.
H — F -------- H — F ------- H — F -------- H — F
Q.72 The bond strength of H – X decreases from HF to HI. The decrease in stability is due to decrease in
electronegativity from F to I.
Q.73 The above order is find out by the relative order of basicity of the conjugate bases like
ClO– > ClO2– > ClO3– > ClO4–
Q.74 The acidic character of the oxy acids of different halogens in the same oxidation states decreases.
Q.75 It is due to –
i Its small size
ii Its high electronegativity
iii non-availability of d-orbital in valence shell.
Q.76 It is due to decreasing electronegativity from F to I, electron affinity decreases from F to I, Ionisation
potential from F to I.
Q.77 This is due to the fact that it dissolved in water to give hyrochloric acid.
Exercise - 06
ONE or MORE than one correct
Q.1 D Q.2 B Q.3 AB Q.4 B Q.5 A Q.6 B
Q.7 A Q.8 C Q.9 D Q.10 A Q.11 D Q.12 D
Q.13 A Q.14 A Q.15 B Q.16 ABCD Q.17 C Q.18 A
Q.19 D Q.20 B Q.21 A Q.22 ABD Q.23 A Q.24 ABCD
Q.25 ABCD Q.26 A Q.27 ABD Q.28 ABCD Q.29 ABD Q.30 B
Q.31 B Q.32 C Q.33 A Q.34 B Q.35 B Q.36 B
Q.37 B Q.38 A Q.39 C Q.40 C Q.41 D Q.42 D
Q.43 A Q.44 D Q.45 D Q.46 C Q.47 BD Q.48 BC
Q.49 B Q.50 B Q.51 C Q.52 A Q.53 C Q.54 A
Q.55 D Q.56 A Q.57 B Q.58 D Q.59 B Q.60 AC
Q.61 ABD Q.62 C Q.63 AB Q.64 ABC Q.65 ABC Q.66 D
Q.67 A Q.68 A Q.69 A Q.70 D
Match the followng columns
Q.71 A-r B-p, C-s,D-q Q.72 A-r, B-p, C-q, D-q
Q.73 A – r, B – s, C – q, D – p Q.74 A- pr, B - q , C - r , D- ps
Q.75 A  p, q, B  p, q, r ,C  p, q, r, s, D  p, q, r, s
Q.76 A-s, B- r, C- p, D-q Q.77 A  p,s B  p C  q,r D  q
Q.78 A-q B-p C-r D-q Q.79 A-pq B-pr C-qs D-q
Q.80 A-p,q,r,s B-p,s C-p,q,s D-p,r Q.81 A-r, B-s, C-ps, D-q
Q.82 A-p q r s , B-r s: C-s; D-r s Q.83 A-pq; B-q,s; C-s, D-pq
Q.84 A-s; B-q; C-pr, D-r Q.85 A - p, q; B - q, r,s; C - q, r, s; D - p
Linked Comprehension Type
Q.86 C Q.87 C Q.88 B Q.89 D Q.90 B Q.91 D
Q.92 A Q.93 B Q.94 A Q.95 C Q.96 D Q.97 A
Q.98 A Q.99 B Q.100 B Q.101 B Q.102 C Q.103 C
Q.104 A Q.105 C Q.106 B Q.107 C Q.108 B Q.109 C
Q.110 A Q.111 B Q.112 B Q.113 C Q.114 B Q.115 C
Q.116 C Q.117 B Q.118 C Q.119 A Q.120 C Q.121 A
Q.122 C Q.123 A Q.124 C Q.125 A Q.126 B Q.127 B
Q.128 C Q.129 A Q.130 B Q.131 B Q.132 A Q.133 D
Q.134 A Q.135 B Q.136 A Q.137 C Q.138 A Q.139 C
Q.140 A Q.141 D Q.142 C Q.143 A Q.144 A Q.145 A
Q.146 A Q.147 D Q.148 A Q.149 A Q.150 A Q.151 C
Q.152 D Q.153 C Q.154 C Q.155 A Q.156 B Q.157 B
Q.158 D Q.159 A Q.160 C Q.161 B Q.162 D Q.163 B
Reasoning Type
Q.164 A Q.165 A Q.166 A Q.167 D Q.168 A Q.169 A
Q.170 C Q.171 B Q.172 B Q.173 C Q.174 A Q.175 B
Q.176 A Q.177 A Q.178 A Q.179 C Q.180 A Q.181 A
Q.182 C Q.183 B Q.184 A Q.185 A Q.186 D Q.187 A
Q.188 D Q.189 A Q.190 C Q.191 A Q.192 Q.193 C
Q.194 D Q.195 B Q.196 D Q.197 B Q.198 A Q.199 D
Q.200 D Q.201 A Q.202 D Q.203 B Q.204 D Q.205 D
Q.206 C Q.207 B Q.208 B
Fill in the blanking
Q.209 glass Q.210 C2H54Sn, NaCl Q.211 NO 2 Q.212 aniline
Q.213 shorter Q.214 dehydration, reduction Q.215 pigment
Q.216 graphite, gas carbon Q.217 amorphous Q.218 Quartz
Q.219 SnCl4.5H2O Q.220 Ra Q.221 He Q.222 Ramsay
Q.223 Bartlett Q.224 Ozone Q.225 Dioxide Q.226 S, SO3
Q.227 Reducing, addition Q.228 Two, paramagnetic
Q.229 Allotrope Q.230 NaCl, O2 Q.231 Pyrogallol Q.232 SO 2
Q.233 Contact Q.234 HBr, H2SO4 Q.235 Rhombic sulphur
True & False
Q.236 T Q.237 F Q.238 T Q.239 T Q.240 F Q.241 T
Q.242 T Q.243 T Q.244 T Q.245 T Q.246 T Q.247 T
Q.248 T Q.249 T Q.250 T Q.251 T Q.252 F Q.253 T
Exercise - 07
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C
7. A 8. B
Exercise - 08
A.
1. HF 2. KI3 3. Sodium hydroxide

4. White 5. Hypobromous, bromide 6. Cross-linking
7. Two 8. Silicones 9. 4
10. Nitric oxide 11. trialkylchlorosilanol 12. Fullerene
13. I3¯ complex ion 14. 60º 15. O2
B.
1. False 2. False 3. False 4. True
5. False 6. True 7. False 8. True
9. False 10. False 11. True 12. True
13. False
C. 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A
7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A
13. D 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. B 18. B
19. D 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. B
25. A 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. A
37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. C 42. B
43. C 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. A 48. A
49. C 50. D 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. D
55. A 56. A 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. C
61. B 62. B 63. C 64. C 65. B 66. B
67. A 68. A 69. A-qs, B-r, C-qrs, D-qr 70. A 71. C
72. A 73. A 74. C 75. B
D. 76. AB 77. AD 78. AD 79. BC 80. B 81. ABD

82. ACD 83. C 84. A,B,C 85. B 86. A,B,C
87. A-p,s B-q,s C – r,t D- q,t
Exercise - 09
Q.1 Solid carbon dioxide is known as dry ice, because it sublimes without liquefying.
Q.2 (i) 2HNO3 + 6HCl = 2NO + 3Cl2 + 4H2O
(ii) 2Ce3+ + S2O82– = 2SO42– + 2Ce4+
(iii) Cl2 + 2OH– = Cl– + ClO– + H2O
Q.3 A B C
Asbestos Silicates of Ca and Mg
Lithium metal Reducing agent Electron donor
Nitric oxide Paramagnetic air pollutant
Q.4 [Fe + e  Fe ] × 2
3+ – 2+
2I–  I2 + 2e–
2Fe3+ + 2I–  2Fe2+ + I2
or
Fe2(SO4)3 + 2KI 2FeSO4 + K2SO4 + I2
Q.5 (i) In graphite, hexagonal planes are held by weak van der Waals forces. Since these forces are over-
come, one plane slides over the other. This explains the lubricating properties of graphite,
(ii) Fluoride has negative oxidation potential
2F– F2 + 2e–, EOP = –2.87 volts
Hence, fluoride is the poorest reducing agent.
Hence, F2 can’t be prepared by oxidation of HF by even strong oxidising agents such as KMnO4,
MnO2 etc.
Q.6 Resonance structures of N2O are :
_
+ +
N
Q.7 (i) 2Ca3(PO4)2 + 6SiO2 + 10 C
Electric
6CaSiO3 + 10CO + P4
Furnace
(ii) (NH4)2SO4 + NO + NO2 2N2 + 3H2O + H2SO4
Q.8 H2O2  H2O + O2
Q.9 (i) HI < HBr < HCl < HF
(ii) HI < I2 < ICl < HIO4
Q.10 (i) 4S + 6OH–  2S– + S2O32– + 3H2O
(ii) ClO3– + 6I– + 6H2SO4  Cl– + 6HSO4– + 3I2 + 3H2O
Q.11 3Cl2 + 2FeBr2  2FeCl3 + 2Br2
Iner
Q.12 (i) P4 + 3NaOH + 3H2O 3NaH2PO2 + PH3
atm.
phospine
(ii) 4Sn + 10HNO3 4Sn(NO3)2 + 5H2O + N2O

dilute
Q.13 (i) MgO is used for the lining of steel making furnace because it forms slag with the impurities and thus
helps in removing them from iron.
(ii) The mixture of N2H4 and H2O2 (in presence of Cu(II) catalyst) is used as a rocket propellant because
the reaction is highly exothermic and large volume of gases are evolved.
N2H4(l) + 2H2O2(l)  N2(g) + 4H2O(g)
hydrazine hydrogen peroxide
(iii) Orthophosphorus acid is a dibasic acid as it has 2 –OH groups in its formula.
O
HO P OH
H
(iv) In the molecule of magnesium chloride, valence orbital of magnesium is sp-hybridised (i.e.,
molecule is linear). In the molecule of stannous chloride, valence orbital of tin is sp2-hybridised (i.e.,
molecule is angular).
Q.14 Sulphur shows valency of two, four and six due to the presence of vacant d-orbitals.
Q.15 (i) 2IO3– + 5HSO3–  O2 + H2O + 3HSO4– + 2SO42–
(ii) 4P + 10HNO3 +H2O  5NO + 5NO2 + 4H3PO4
(iii) NaCl + NH4OH + CO2  NH4Cl + NaHCO3
Q.16 (i) HOCl < HOClO < HOClO2 < HOClO3
(ii) SiO2 < CO2 < N2O5 < SO3
Q.17 (i) 2H3PO2 heat PH3 + H3PO4
hypo phosphorus phosphoric acid
acid
Q.18 (i) H3PO3 is a dibasic acid because it contains two –OH group in its molecule.
O
HO P OH
H
(ii) Boiling point of phosphine is lower than that of ammonia because there is no hydrogen bonding is
PH3, while NH3 has H-bonding.
Q.19 X Y Z
Mica Layer structure Insulator
Superphosphate Bone ash Fertilizer
Carbon fibres Graphite Reinforced
plastics
Rock salts Cubic Preservative
Carborundum Diamond structure Abrasive
Q.20 (i) 3SiCl4 + 4Al 4AlCl3 + 3Si
vapour molten volatilizes
(ii) 15 CaO + 4P4 + 30 H2O  15 Ca(OH)2 + 3P2O5  + 10PH3 

(iii) CaSO4 + 2NH3 +CO2 + H2O  CaCO3  + (NH4)2SO4
Q.21 The two resonating structures are:
_ _
+ +
N
Q.22 (i) NaNO2 + 6H NaOH + NH3 + H2O
(ii) 2NaIO3 + 5NaHSO3  2Na2SO4 + 3NaHSO4 + I2 + H2O
Q.23 (i) Na2CO3 + NO + NO2  2NaNO2 +CO2
(ii) 2KMnO4 + 2NH3  2MnO2 + 2KOH + 2H2O + N2
(iii) P4 + 20 HNO3  4H3PO4 + 20 NO2 + 4H2O
(iv) 2H2S + NaHSO3 + H+  3S + 3H2O +Na+
(v) CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O  Ca(HCO3)2
Q.24 (i) increasing order of basic character
NIO < MGO < SRO < K2O < CS2O
(ii) Increasing order of extent of hydrolysis
CCl4 < MgCl2 < AlCl3 < PCl5 < SiCl4
Q.25 It is due to self -ionization of NH3. The reaction is :
2NH3 NH4+ + NH2–
Thus, on addition of NH4Cl acts as an acid in liquid NH3.
Q.26 The two resonating structures of ozone are:
O+ O+
O O O O
Q.27 (i) It is due to large repulsion between the non-bonding electron of fluorine molecule. This in turn id
sue to the short bond length in fluorine
F–––F Cl–––Cl
1.42 Å 1.99 Å
No possibility of multiple bonding due to non-availability of d-orbital, while chlorine has possibility of
forming of multiple bonding by the overlapping of filled p-orbital of one atom with an empty d-orbital
the other atom.
(ii) Sulphur dioxide acts as a reducing agent due to following reaction:
SO2 + 2OH–  SO42– + 2H+ + 2e–
Hence, this reaction proceeds in forward direction with increasing OH– ion concentration. (or it is also
explained with the help of concept of oxidation number. )
Q.28 (i) Red phosphorus is reacted with iodine in presence of water to form H3PO3 and HI
2P + 3I2 + 6H2O 2H3PO3 + 6HI
(ii) 2KNO3(s) +10K(s)  6K2O(s) + N2
Q.29 PCl5 + SO2  POCl3 SOCl2
Q.30 [B]
Q.31 [A]
heat
Q.32 (i) Ca5(PO4)3F + 5H2SO4 + 10 H2O 3H3PO4 + 5CaSO4.2H2O + HF
(ii) Sn + 2KOH + H2O  K2SnO3 + 2H2
Q.33 (i) The size of nitrogen and fluorine are smaller and they have higher value of electron density. Thus,
they repel the bond pair and show higher bond length as N––F bond.
(ii) Mg3N2 + 6H2O  2Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
MgCl2 salt acts as stronger electrolyte so it is not hydrolysed
(iii) In (SiH3)3 N, lone pairs of electrons are used in p - and d - back bonding while; in (CH3)3N,
such p - , d - bonding a not possible due to absence of vacant d-orbital in carbon.
Hence, (CH3)3N is more basic than (SiH3)3N
Q.34 A = NH3 and B = CaCO3
The reactions are as follows :
3Ca + N2  Ca3N2
Calcium nitride
Ca3N2 + 6H2O  3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3

Ca(OH)2 + CO2  CaCO3 + H2O
From air (solid layer is due to CaCO3 )
Q.35 Structure of P4O10 is given as below :

Number of P––O bonds =12
Number of P==O bonds = 4
Q.36 (i) KI + Cl2  2KCl + I2
(ii) 2KClO3 + I2  2KIO3 + Cl2
Q.37 (i) P4 + 20HNO3  4H3PO4 + 20NO2+ 4H2O
(ii) 2KMnO4 + 5H2O2 + 3H2SO4  K2SO4
(iii) P4 + 20HNO3 4H3PO4 + 4H2O + 20 NO2
(iv) 2Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O  2NaAlO2 + 2H2O + 3H2O
sodium metaaluminate
Q.38 M may be either ca or Ba. It is not magnesium because Mg(OH)2 has very low solubility in water.
Q.39 The poisonous element M may be As. So on the basis of given facts,
AsCl3 + 6H Zn/HCl AsH3 + 3HCl
N
2AsH3 2As + 3H2 

Hence, M = As and N = AsH3
Q.40 Lower the size of cation, higher will be hydration tendency because hydration energy of cation
1
 size of cation . The size of alkaline earth metal ions are lower than the size of alkaline metal ions.
So in crystalline form the salts of alkaline earth metals have more water molecules than these of alkali
metals.
Q.41 Total hydration energy of Al3+ and 3Cl– ions of AlCl3
(Hhydration) = (Hydration energy of Al3+ + 3 × hydration energy of Cl– )
= [– 4665 + 3(–381)]kJmol–1
= – 5808 kJ mol–1
this amount of energy is more than that required for the ionisation of Al into Al3+ (Ionisation energy of
Al to Al3+). Due to this reason, AlCl3 becomes ionic in aqueous solution. In aqeous solution, it exists in
ionic form as below :
AlCl3 + 6H2O (Al(H2O)63+ + 3Cl–
Al2S3 + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3  + 3H2S
foul odour
Foul odour, on damping of Al2S3 is due to formation of H2S gas.

Q.43 SrSO4> CaSO4 > MgSO4 > BeSO4
(based upon size of cation or ionic character)
Q.44 In cyclic (Si3O9)6–, three tetrahedral of SiO4 are joined together by sharing of two oxygen atoms per
tetrahedral.
Structure of (Si3O96–)
In it dark circles ( ) represent Si and open circles (O) represent oxygen atom or ion.
Q.45 7H3PO4 Ca5(PO4)3F  5Ca(H2PO4)2 + HF
triple superphosphate
Q.46 (i) P4O10 + 6PCl3 10 POCl3

(ii) SnCl4 + 2C2H5Cl + 2Na  Na2SnC6 + C4H10
Q.47 3Ca(OH)2 + 2Cl2  Ca(OCl)2 + Ca(OH)2CaCl2. 2H2O
bleaching powder is a mixture of CaOCl2 and
hydrated basic calcium chloride.
Q.48 Oxidizing character:

2Cr(OH)3+4NaOH + 3H2O2  2Na2CrO4 + 8H2O
Reducing character:
2K3[Fe(CN)6] + 2KOH + H2O2  2K4[Fe(CN)6] + 2H2O + O2
Q.49 The substance is Na2O2.
Q.50 BeCl2 is hydrolysed due to high polarising power and presence of vacant p-orbitals in Be atom.
Q.51 HNO2 + 2H2SO3 + H2O NH2OH + 2H2SO4
A B C D
Q.52 H2SO4 + SO3  H2S2O7 (oleum)

H2S2O7 + H2O  2H2SO4
Q.53 2I–(aq) + Cl2 I2 + 2Cl–(aq)
or (i) 2I–(aq)  I2(s) + 2e–
(ii) Cl2(g) + 2e–  2Cl–(aq)
Thus, I– is oxidised into I2 by Cl2 due to higher oxidised potential of Cl2 than I2.
Q.54 In photographic film AgBr is present which dissolve in Na2S2O3 to give sodium argentothiosulphate.
AgBr + 2Na2S2O3 Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] + NaBr
(sodium argentothiosulphate)
Q.55 Q.56
Q.57 4BCl3 + 3LiAlH4  3AlCl3 + LiCl + 2B2H6
‘X’ other compound ‘Y’
Mol. wt. of compound (B2H6)Y = 21.76 + 6 = 27.76
6
% of H in B2H6 = × 100 = 21.72% (It is given in data)
27.76
B2H6 + 3O2  B2O3 + 3H2O + heat
Q.58 (i) 3SiCl4 + 4Al  3Si+ 4AlCl3
Q.59 (i) 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2O2 K2SO4 +2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 5O2 
Q.60 Ba C O3 + H2SO4  C O2 + H2O + BaSO4 
(X) (white ppt.)
C = C14
Q.61 (i) Al4C3 +12H2O 4Al(OH)3+ 3CH4 
(ii) CaNCN + 3H2O  CaCO3  + 2NH3
(iii) 4BF3 + 3H2O  H3BO3 + 3HBF4
boric acid fluoboric acid
(iv) NCl3 + 3H2O  NH3 + 3HOCl

hypochlorous acid
(v) 2XeF4 + 3H2O  Xe + XeO3 + F2 + 6HCl

xenon trioxide
Element 'S' C I
Q.62 Na2CO3  SO2
 A 
Na 2 CO 3
B
2
D
A, B, C and D are identified on the basis of following reaction.
(i) Na2CO3 + 2SO2 + H2O  2NaHSO3 + CO2
(ii) 2NaHSO3 + Na2CO3  2Na2SO3 + H2O + CO2
S
+
(iii) Na2SO3 + S  Na2S2O3 2Na S
O O O
(iv) 2Na2S2O3 + I2 2Na2S4O6 + 2NaI
D
Hence,oxidation states of sulphur are :

in NaHSO3 = + 4
in Na2SO3 = + 4
in Na2S2O3 = + 2 (average) individual = +4, 0)
S S
+
in Na2S4O6 = + 2.5 (average) (for each S = +5, 0, 0, +5) S 2Na S
O O S S O O
Q.63 The basic nature of oxides increases down the group in periodic table and decreases across the
period hence the increasing order of basic nature will be :
Cl2O7 < SO3 < CO2 < B2O3 < BaO
Q.64 4

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E X E R C IS E 1

Q.2 Mention one compound in which boron exhibits –3 oxidation state.

Q.4 Write the name of the chief ore of lead.

Q.5 Give one reaction in which aluminium acts as a reducing agent.

Q.7 In the process of extraction of which element cryolite is used. Why ?

Q.9 What is tailing of mercury?

Q.10 Which type of structure is present in -crstobalite form of silica ?

Q.11 What is lead tree?

Q.12 Give two examples of orthosilicates .

Q.14 H3PO3 disproportionate (give equation) while H3PO4 does not.

Q.15 How the massicot is converted into red lead ?

Q.17 What is the oxidation state of lead in Pb3O4?

Q.18 What is “Butter of tin” ?

Q.19 What is antichlor? Name one such antichlor.

Q.20 Why does phosphorus glow in the dark?

Q.21 Which compound of boron is known as white graphite ?

Q.23 Write one chemical method for the preparation of fluorine.

Q.24 Why SiF62– is known whereas SiCl62– is not ?

Q.25 What do you mean borosilicate glass ?

Q.26 What is the composition of soft glass ?

Q.27 Give one use of S and Se each.

Q.28 Sulphur in vapour state exhibits paramagnetic behaviour, why ?

Q.29 NaOCl solution becomes unstable on warming. What happens to it ?

Q.32 Molecular nitrogen, N2 is not reactive. Give reason.

Q.36 What is Germanite ?

Q.37 Ozone destroys mercury meniscus. Why?

MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER TYPE

Q.3 The correct statement(s) related to allotropes of carbon is/are :

Q.7 Crooke’s glass contains ............... which cuts ........... rays.

Q.11 Which atom does have dangling valencies

Q.12 Stability of ions of Ge, Sn and Pb will be in order :

Q.13 Which of the following statements are true(T)/false(F) ?

Q.20 The fundamental unit found in silicate is

Q.21 The component present in producer gas are

Q.34 Phosphorus is manufactured by heating ________ in a furnace :

Q.37 White phosphorus is :

Q.39 Phosphoric acid is syrupy liquid due to :

Q.44 The number of S – S bond in sulphur trioxide trimer S3O9 (S3O5) is :

Q.45 Select the incorrect statement about Na2S2O3. 5H2O :

Q.46 Sulphuric acid is a dibasic acid in nature ; hence it forms :

(i) Si + O2  (ii) CH3–Si–Cl + H2O 

Microcosmic salt   NaPO3 + NH3 + H2O

Ammonium dichromate   N2 + Cr2O3 + H2O

Na2HPO3   PH3 + Na3PO4 + Na2HPO4

(A) (X) = Pyrophosphoric acid (liquid), (Y) = Metaphosphoric acid (liquid)

(D) Monomer(ICl3) does not exist

(A) SO3 (B) HPO3 (C) CH3–Si–OH (D) CO2

Q.72 Match the following:

Q.73 Match the following:

Q.74 Match the following

(A) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + P4 + H2O Cold

(B) anhydrous form of blue vitirol + P4 + H2O Hot

Q.77 Match the following:

(B) H3BO3 (q) sp3

(C) B2 H 6 (r) Bridge structure

(D) Hybrid state of B and N in (H 3 NBF3 ) (s) Triangular planar shape

Q.78 Match the following:

Q.79 Match the following:

Q.80 Match the Column

Q.81 Match the following

Q.83 Match the following

Q.84 Match the following

Q.5. acid gives hypo ion .