The National Teachers College

Quiapo, Manila

FOUNDATION OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION

KIMBERLY SAYSON DR. MARIVIC S. BASILIO

BSED- ENGLISH/ 1-BPSTLED PROFESSOR

A Semi- Detailed Lesson Plan in English

Grade 10

(Time Allotment: 45 Mins.)

I. Learning Objectives

At the end of 45 minutes lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the basic structure and elements of figures of speech

2. Determine the function of figure of speech

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Figures of Speech

b. Reference: Literary Devices; https://literarydevices.net/figure-of-speech/

c. Materials: Powerpoint presentation and work sheets.

III. Procedure

1. Preliminaries

a. Prayer
 b. Greetings

c. Checking of Attendance

d. Ice Breaker

e. Recap

2. Lesson Proper

A. Motivation

The teacher will flash Powerpoint slides containing a series of questions and the students will

answer it based on the lessons discussed.

B. Analysis

A figure of speech is a phrase or word having beyond meanings than its literal meanings.

It depicts and conveys meaning by means of determining or comparing things to the other, which

has connotation that the audience are able to understand and solely familiar. It is essential

because it creates and absolute rhetorical effect.

1.Types of Figures of Speech

There are several figures of speech but these are the major ones:

a. Personification

It occurs when a writer describes a human to inanimate objects or non- human form. But do

not get confused if metaphors and similes are quite similar because they have both distinct

characteristics that will help you determine which one is.

“Hadn’t she felt it in every touch of the sunshine, as its golden finger-tips pressed her lids

open and wound their way through her hair?”

 (“The Mother’s Recompense” by Edith Wharton)

In the latter part, the speaker is personifying sunshine as it has finger tips that wound their way

into her hair. This is trait of using finger-tips in hair is a human one.

b. Understatement and Hyperbole

The two figure of speech are opposite to each other. Hyperbole uses exaggeration and

accordingly to one’s feelings. It is when the speaker’s emotion stirs up towards the readers, it

could be happiness, romance, inspiration, laughter or sadness.

“I’ll love you, dear, I’ll love you

Till China and Africa meet,

And the river jumps over the mountain

And the salmon sing in the street.”

(“As I Walked Out One Evening” by W.H. Auden)

In this poem, the writer uses hyperbole to emphasize his love and how would it last.

Whereas, understatement uses mild and less but powerful to what intended to say.

Whereas understatement uses less than whatever is intended, such as,

“You killed my family. And I don’t like that kind of thing.”

(“The Chosen One” by Boon Collins and Rob Schneider)

In this line, the speaker is using an understatement because someone has killed his family

and he is just taking it very normal like nothing serious has happened.

c. Simile

It is a type of comparison between things or objects by using “as” or “like.”

 My heart is like a singing bird

Whose nest is in a water’d shoot;

My heart is like an apple-tree

My heart is like a rainbow shell…

(“A Birthday” by Christina Rossetti)

The writer uses simile several times, comparing her heart to a singing bird, an apple tree and a

rainbow shell.

d. Metaphor

Metaphor is comparing two unlike objects or things, which may have some common

qualities.

Presentiment – is that long shadow – on the lawn –

Indicative that Suns go down –

The notice to the startled Grass

That Darkness – is about to pass –

(“Presentiment is that long shadow on the lawn” by Emily Dickinson)

In the given example, Dickson resembles presentiment as a shadow that means anxiety or

foreboding. She used it to better describe anxiety that would impact the reader.

e. Pun

Pun is the manipulation of words that have more than one meanings. It brings humor in an

expression.
 Whoever hath her wish, thou hast thy Will,

And Will to boot, and Will in overplus;

(“Sonnet 135” by William Shakespeare)

The above example shows the capitalization of the word “Will.” Usually in the middle of a

line or sentence, writers capitalize a name. Here it is the first name of Shakespeare. It means he

has created pun of his own name.

2.The Function of Figure of Speech

Figure of speech is not only an ornament in the sentences or language but also it gives a

moment of excitement to the readers. It also provides emphasis, clarity or freshness to

expression. The state of clarity may occur implications, because a figure of speech conveys

double meaning with connotative and denotative definition. It enhances the creativity in

expression to make the language more graphic, pointed out and vivid in sense.