PRIME REVIEW ONLINE

STEAM PLANT & BOILERS

(SOLVED PROBLEMS)

BOILERS (STEAM GENERATORS)

m 2•
1. The hea ting sur face are a of a fire tub e boi ler is 500
Wh at is the equ iva len t rate d boi ler hor sep owe r?
A. 444 .50 Bhp C. 454 .54 Bhp
B. 544 .45 Bhp D. 555 .44 Bhp

2. A stea m boi ler on a test generates 885 ,00 0 lb of stea m

in a 4 hr period. The average stea m pre ssu re is 400
psia, the ave rag e stea m temperature is 700 °F and the
ave rag e tem per atu re of the fee dwa ter sup plie d to the
boi ler is 280°F. If the boiler efficiency for the per iod is
I 82.5% and if the coal has a heating value of 13, 850
Btu /lb as fired, find the average amo unt of coal bur ned
'

I in sho rt tons per hour.

A. 2.05 s.to n/h r C. 9.84 s.to n/h r
B. 10.78 s.to n/h r D. 11.45 s.to n/h r

3. A stea m gen era ting unit produces stea m at the rate of

IO kg/ sat 5 MP a, 450°C which is con tinu ous ly blo wn
dow n at 0.2 5 kg/s. Fee dwa ter enters the eco nom ize r at
I 00°C. Coa l wit h a heating value of 42,000 kJ/k g as
fired is bur ned at the rate of I kg/ s. Wh at is the ove r-
all effi cien cy of the stea m boiler?
A. 61.26% C. 63.39%
B. 66.21 % D. 69.33%
4. A steam generating unit receives feedwater at 5 MPa,
200°C and delivers steam at 4.5 MPa, 3200C at rate of
30,000 kg per hour. ~e main steam turbine bas a
steam rate of 6.5 kg/kWh of generator output.
Auxiliaries used steam as fallows:

Forced-draft fan 25kW

Induced-draft fan 40kW
Soot Blower 3,300 kg/day

If fuel with a higher heating value of 40,000 kJ/kg as

fired is consumed at the rate of 1,890 kg per hour,
account for the steam generator net efficiency.
A. 81.24% C. 83.61%
B. 84.78% D. 86.21 %

5. A straight-tube boiler with an effective heating surface

of 1,496 m 2 produces steam at the rate of 3.9 Mton/hr.
Feedwater enters at 95°C and steam leaves at 4.5 MPa,
320°C. If bunker fuel with heating value of 42,500
kJ/kg is consumed at the rate of 1,700 kg/hr, determine
the equivalent specific evaporation.
A. 2.53 C. 2.64
B. 2.76 D. 2.82
 POWER & INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING

6.A horizontal return tubular boiler with a heating surface

of 2,000 m 2 generates steam at 4.5 kg/s. Feedwater
enters at 5 MPa , l 20°C and leaves at 350°C. Calculate
for the percent rating developed if coal with a heating
value of 20,000 kJ/kg is burned at the rate of 9 Mton/hr.
A. 60.41 % C. 60.66%
B. 61.61% D. 64.61%
7. What is the developed boiler horsepower if the steam
rate is 0.85 kg/s and the factor of evaporation is 1.25?
A. 157.25 Bhp C. 200.57 Bhp
B. 214.54 Bhp D. 244.41 Bhp

, 8. The heating value of fuel supplied in a boiler is 40,000

kJ/kg. If the factor of evaporation is 1.10 and the actual
specific evaporation is I 0, what is the efficiency of the
boiler?
A. 53.08% C. 54.97%
B. 62.07% D. 78.05%

9. Two boilers has capacities of 200 kg/hr and 250 kg/hr.

If 150,000 kg of coal are supplied to two boilers, how
f· many days to consume the available fuel?
., A. 13.89 days C. 15.78 days
B. , 17.87 days D. 24 days
 -;· J . • r·
/, s1E1M 11uRe1~/
1
M
}0, ~e entrance exit enthalpies of steam turbine are
"L~ ~, 4.~o kJ/kg· ~d l,000 kJ/kg respectively. What is the

. ·.mass,
of.steam entering the turbine if the generator
1
.I power is 3 MW ahd genellltor efficiency is 90%?
. A. 3.33 kg/s C. 3.89 kg/s
~ B. 4.72 kg/s D. 6.67 kg/s
"'

11. Steam enters the turbine at the rate of 11,000 kg/hr

with enthalpies of 3,000 kJ/kg and 1,000 kJ/kg at the
-.., entrance and exhaust respectively. Steam is extracted
ti.. · from ,the turbine at 3,500 kg/hr for heating purposes

~ with enthalpy of 2,700 kJ/kg. Calculate the turbine

~
"-'work.
A. 16,050,000 kJ/hr C. 16,500,000 kJ/hr
B. 19,050,000 kJ/hr D. 19,500,000 kJ/hr\

12. How much steam will a 75-hp mechanical drive

turbine needed per hour if the steam supplied at 165
psig sat and exhaust at 5 psig considering it is single
stage rotating at 1,800 rpm? Note from table and chart
readings: h1 at 165 psig sat is I, 198 Btu/lb and h2 at 5
psig after isentropic expansion is 1,035 Btu/lb. The
brake engine efficiency (single stage; 75 hp at 1,800
rpm) is 23%.
A. 68 lb/hr C. 3,240 lb/hr
B. 4,350 lb/hr D. 5,091 lb/hr
 STEAM ENGINES
13. Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an engine in such
a manner the average pressure is 120 psi. The diameter
of the piston is 10 in and the length of stroke is 12 in.
What is the horsepower of the engine when it is making
300 rpm?
A. 171.4 hp C. 173.2 hp
B. 174.4 hp D. 175 hp

14. During a test on a single-cylinder steam engine, the

mean effective pressure was 405 kPa when running at
3 rps. The brake load was 1.90 kN acting at an effective
radius of 1.2 m. If the cylinder diameter is 0.275 m and
the stroke is 0.4 m, calculate the mechanical efficiency.
A. 73.24% C. 73.45%
B. 74.45% D. 76.74%
15. A steam engine has an indicated efficiency of 65%.
The enthalpies of the engine at entrance and exit are
3,000 kJ/kg and 2,500 kJ/kg respectively. If the
mechanical efficiency is 85% and the steam
consumption is 1,000 kg/hr, what is the brake power of
the engine? P-1
 A. 73.24 kW C. 73.45 kW
B. 74.45 kW D. 76.74 kW
STEAM CONDENSER
16. The vacuum in the surface condenser of a small
condensing steam power plant is 640 mmHg as
referred to a 760 mmHg barometer. If the temperature
in the condenser is 35°C (correspond pressure of 5.628
kPa), the vacuum efficiency is approximately.
A. 81.96% C. 96.91%
B. 88.51 % D. 89.16%

'FEED PUMP
17. A boiler feed pump receives water at 200°C (h = 850
kJ/kg) from a surface condenser at the rate of I 00 L/s.
It operates against a total head of 800 m. Determine the
enthalpy leaving the pump.
A. 758.8 kJ/kg C. 785.8 kJ/kg
j B. 857.8 kJ/kg D. 878.8 kJ/kg

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 PRIME REVIEW ONLINE

STEAM PLANT ACCESSORIES & BOILERS

PSE (PRIME SUPPLEMENTARY EXAM)

I. What is the heating surface area of a water tube boiler

if the equivalent rated boiler horsepower is 200 ?
A. 182 C. 450
B. 206 D. 198
2
2. The heating surface area of a fire tube boiler is 400 m •
What is the equivalent rated boiler horsepower ?
A. 363.64 Hp C. 256.78 Hp
B. 435.72 Hp D. 135.72 Hp
3. What is the percent rating of a water tube boiler if the
heating surface area is 400 m2 and the developed boiler
horsepower is 750?
A. 170.625 % C. 130.625 %
B. 140.675 % D. 120.765 %
4. Coal with a higher heating value of 6700 kCal/kg is
consumed at the rate of 600 kg/hr in a steam generator
with a rated boiler horsepower of 200. The f eedwater
temperature is 82 deg. C and steam generated is at 10.2
kg/cm2 abs. saturated condition . The horsepower
developed is equivalent to 305. What is the heating
surface area?
2 2
A. 182 m C. 123 m
B. 230 m2 D. 324 m2
 ,,,
5. Two boilers has capacities of 100 kg/hr and 250 kg/ht.
If 150,000 kg of coal are supplied to two boilers., how,.
many days to consume the available fuel ? ·
A. 13.89 days C. 15.78 days
B. 17 .87 days D. 24 days

6. Find the rated boiler horsepower of a H.R.T. boiler 60

in. in diameter 16 ft long, and having seventy and 3 in.
O.D. tubes with 0.109 in. wall ?
A. 95.09 Bo. Hp C. 89.09 Bo. Hp
B. 78.09 Bo. Hp D. 93.05 Bo. Hp
7. During a test on a single-cylinder steam engine, the
mean effective pressure was 405 kPa when running at
3 rev ./sec. The brake load was I. 9 kN acting at an
effective radius of 1.2 m. If the cylinder diameter is
0.275 m and the stroke 0.4 m , calculate the mechanical
efficiency.
A. 74.46 % C. 73.24 %
B. 84.54 % D. 23.45 %

8. Two boilers are operating steadily on 91 ,000 kg of coal

contained in a bunker. One boiler is producing 1591 kg
of steam per hour at 1.2 factor of evaporation and an
efficiency of 65% and another boiler produced 1364 kg
of steam per hour at 1.15 factor of evaporation and an
efficiency of 60%. How many hrs will the coal in the
bunker run the boilers if the heating value of coal is
7,590 kCal/kg ?
A. 230.80 hrs C. 350.35 hrs
B. 280.54 hrs D. 300.54 hrs
 PRIME SUPPLEMENTARY ENHANCERS (PSE)

9. Fuel of calorific value 43.5 MJ/kg is burned in an

auxiliary boiler at the rate of 81 kg/hr. The feed water
rate is 0.258 kg/s and its temperature is 48°C. If the
efficiency of the boiler is 68% and the steam produced
is dry and saturated, estimate its pressure.
A. 1.1 MPa C. 2.0 MPa
B. 1.5 MPa D. 2.1 MPa

10. What is the rate of evaporation of a water tube boiler

if the factor of evaporation is 1.10, percent rating of
200% and the heating surface area is 250 m2 ?
A. 7,817.16 kg/hr C. 6,789.45 kg/hr
B. 7,898.67 kg/hr D. 5,768.54 kg/hr
11. Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an engine in such
a manner the average pressure is 120 psi. The diameter
of the piston is IO in. and the length of stroke is 12 in.
What is the Hp of the engine when it is making 300
rpm?
A. 171.5 Hp C. 173.2 Hp
B. 175 Hp D. 174.4 Hp
J 12. T,he area ,of an indicator card taken off the high
" pressure cylinder of a quadruple expansion engine is
1445 mm2, the length is 80 mm, and l mm of height
represents 0.27 bar. The bore of the cylinder runs at
1.65 rev/sec. Calculate the total indicated power of the
engine assuming equal powers are developed in all
" cylinders. ·c
;~A. 191 1.2 kW -p C. 1123.5 kW
't. B. 2345.7 kW
r
r D. 2331.43 kW
13. A steam engine has an indicated efficiency of 65 % .
The enthalpies of the engine at entrance and exit are
3000 kJ/kg and 2500 kJ/kg respectively. If the
mechanical efficiency is 85% and the steam
consumption is I 000 kg/hr, what is the brake power of
the engine?
A. 76.64 kW C. 87.67 kW
B. 78.54 kW D. 82.34 Kw

14. A steam boiler on a test generates 885,000 lb of steam

in a 4 hr period. The average steam pressure is 400 psia,
the average steam temperature is 700°F, and the
average temperature of the feed water supplied to the
boiler is 280°F. If the boiler efficiency for the period
is 82.5% and if the coal has a heating values of 13,850
Btu/Jb as fired, find the average amount of coal burned
in short tons per hour.
A. 9.84 short tons per hour
B. 10.75 short tons per hour
C. 12.05 short tons per hour
D. 11.45 short tons per hour
15. A boiler operating at 11 kg/cm 2 is required to
generate a minimum of 50,000 kg/hr of saturated
steam. Feedwater enters the boiler at 80°C. The
furnace is designed to fire coal at an average rate of
4,800 kg/hr and boiler efficiency is 85 % . Compute the
developed boiler horsepower.
A. 3,462.52 Hp C. 5,234.75 Hp
B. 4,356.78 Hp D. 2,560.45 Hp
 PRIME REVIEW ONLINE
a test laboratory, it was found out that of the 80
Bhp developed by an engine on test, 45 Hp are
absorbed by the cooling water that is pumped through
the water jacket and the radiator. The water enters the
top of the radiator at 200°F. At that temperature,
enthalpy of the water is 168.07 Btu/lbm . Water
leaves the bottom of the radiator at l 90°F and with an
enthalpy of 158.03 Btu/Ihm. What is the water flow
rate for a steady - state condition?
A. 25 gal/min C. 23 gal/min
B. 20 gal/min D. 24 gal/min

17. A steam turbine has an entrance enthalpy of 3000

kJ/kg and an exit enthalpy of 2000 kJ/kg. What is the
stage efficiency if the actual enthalpy after isentropic
expansion is 2,200 kJ/kg?
A. 82 % C. 86 %
B. 70 % D. 80 %
18. Steam enters the nozzle of an impulse turbine at 2
MPa, 300°C and leaves at 0.30 MPa, 0.98 dry. The
angle of the nozzles is 20° to the direction of motion of
the blades and blade velocity is 380 mis. Calculate the
velocity of the steam leaving the nozzles_.
A. 829.4 mis C. 545.7 ,mis
B. 924.8 mis D. 754~8'm/s . ,.
19. Steam is expanded through a 11ozzle and the enthalpy
drop per kg of steam from th,Jnitial pressure to the
final pressure is 60 kJ. Neglecting friction, find the
velocity of discharge and the e]Jt 'area 'of the nozzle to
pass 0.20 kg/s if the specifioqj)Jpme of the steam at
exit • 1..,C m 3/kg.
• 1s -- z \tu , ;,.: ,
. ·
A. 346.4 mis , 879 m 2 CQ~ .ti mis • 467. m1 .,~ ,.
2
B. 356.7 mis, 278 m D. ~ --~ mis, ~66 ~ l;"" .
20. A steam engine delivers 1000 kg/hr steam. The
enthalpies at entrance and exit of the engine are 3000
kJ/kg and 400 kJ/kg respectively. Calculate the brake
power of the engine if the brake thermal efficiency is
20 %.
A. 144.44 kW C. 254.34 kW
B. 200.45 kW D. 345.75 kW

21. Steam at 1.5 MPa, 300°C is supplied to an engine and

exhaust at 0.014 MPa. The consumption of steam is
28,500 kg/hr when the indicated power is 3000 kW.
Calculate the steam consumption in kg/kW-hr and the
indicated thermal efficiency.
A. 9.5 kg/kW-hr, 13.45 %
B.10 kg/kW-hr, 11.45%
C. 8.5 kg/kW-hr, 12.34 %
D. 10.5 kg/KW-hr, 10.47 %

22. A 6 MW steam turbine generator power plant has a

full-load steam rate of 8 kg/kW-hr. Assuming that no-
load steam consumption as 15% of full-load steam
consumption, compute for the hourly steam
consumption at 75% load, in kg/hr.
A. 37,800 kg/hr C. 30,780 kg/hr
8. 38,700 kg/hr D. 30,870 kg/hr
23. A waste heat recovery boiler produces 4.8 MPa ( dry
saturated ) steam from I 04 °C feed water. The boiler
receives energy from 5 kg/s of 954°C dry air. After
passing through the waste heat boiler, the temperature
of the air has been reduced to 343°C. How much steam
in kg is produced per second ? Note: At 4.8 MPa dry
and saturated, h = 2796.0 kJ/kg.
A. 1.3 C. 2.1
B. 0.92 D. 3.4

24. Calculate drive horsepower for pumping 1703 U min

cold water to a tank suction at 127 mm Hg vacuum.
delivery at 5.3 kg/cm 2 ga., both measured close to
pump, ep = 0.65.
A. 31.42 HP C. 35.42 HP
B. 20.42 HP D. 23.02 HP

25. Estimate discharge rate (Umin) and n1axin1um

suction lift of a 95 mm x 127 1nn1 x 152 mn1 duplex.
direct-acting steam pu1np. ev = 0. 90 sea level.
A. 187.90 Umin C. 487.90 Umin.
B. 287.90 Umin D. 387.90 Umin.
I
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