Republic of the Philippines

PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Manila

PRELIMINARY BOARD OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Registered Mechanical Engineer Licensure Examination

Saturday, December 17, 2022 08:00 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.
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POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANT ENGINEERING SET A

INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one
answer for each item by marking the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the
answer sheet provided.
STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil No.2 only.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Air is compressed rapidly in an insulated cylinder to ¼ its initial volume. What will a
gauge show as the final pressure if the initial pressure is 13.79 kPa gauge?
A. 575 kPa C. 660 kPa
B. 620 kPa D. 700 kPa

2. The surface temperatures of the faces of a 15 cm thick slab of material are 77°C and
20°C. What is the rate of heat loss, Q, through the slab if the thermal conductivity, k,
of the slab equals 1.039 W/m·K?
A. 365 W/m2 C. 432 W/m2
B. 395 W/m2
D. 451 W/m2

3. One kg of air at 300 K and 5 bars is acted upon by a piston. Heat is transferred in a
constant pressure process until the volume has doubled. The final temperature is 400 K.
The initial volume is most nearly:
A. 1.7 m3 C. 0.17 m3
B. 2.5 m3 D. 0.017 m3

4. One kg of air at 300 K and 5 bars is acted upon by a piston. Heat is transferred in a
constant pressure process until the volume has doubled. The final temperature is 400 K.
The work done by the gas in kJ is most nearly:
A. 86 C. 128
B. 104 D. 35

5. A 75 kW internal combustion engine is being tested by loading it with a water-cooled

Prony brake. When the engine delivers the full-rated 75 kW to the shaft, the Prony brake
being cooled with tap water absorbs and transfers to the cooling water 95 percent of the
75 kW. Which of the following most nearly equals the rate at which tap water passes
through the Prony brake, if the water enters at 18°C and leaves at 55°C?
A. 18 l /min C. 35 l /min
B. 28 l /min D. 42 l /min

6. Assume that 2 kg of a gas mixture is 30 percent CO, and 70 percent O 2 mass fractions. It
is compressed from (1) a pressure of 100 kPa abs. to (2) a pressure of 1.05 MPa abs. by
a process characterized by the equation Pvn = Constant where the value of n is 1.0. The
temperature of the mixture is 15°C at the beginning of the process. Which of the
following most nearly equals the work needed to compress the 2 kg of mixture?
A. 217 kJ C. 287 kJ
B. 252 kJ D. 323 kJ

7. An indicator card of a four-cycle automobile engine taken with a 115.37 MPa/m spring is
71 mm long and has an area of 774.2 mm 2. If the engine has six cylinders, 89 mm in
diameter, with a stroke of 76 mm, and is operating at 3000 r/min, which of the following
most nearly equals the developed power of the engine?
A. 92 kW C. 88 kW
B. 98 kW D. 79 kW

8. Steam expands behind a piston doing 67,800 joules of work. If 12.7 kJ of heat is
radiated to the surrounding atmosphere during the expansion, which of the following most
nearly equals the change of internal energy?
A. 80.5 kJ C. 91.4 kJ
B. 76.2 kJ D. 84.5 kJ

9. A liquid metal is flowing inside of a 3 cm diameter pipe, 5 meters long with an entering
temperature of 400 °C. The wall temperature is maintained at 500 °C and the mass flow
rate of the metal is 50 kg/min. ρ = 5,500 kg/m 3 ,Pr = 0.0025, µ = 0.0025 N-s/m 2 , k = 6.2
W/m-K, cp = 0.33 kJ/kg-K. The convection coefficient of the liquid metal in W/m 2-K is
most nearly:
A. 560 C. 895
B. 760 D. 1,290
10. What size motor would be required to operate a fan which is to supply 30.0 m 3/min of air
against a static pressure of 12.0 cm of water pressure if the fan efficiency is 78%?
Assume standard conditions of one atmosphere and 20°C.
A. 654 W C. 754 W
B. 694 W D. 794 W

11. What size motor would be required to pump 350 L/min of fluid with a density of 1.20
against a pressure of 360 kPa if the efficiency of the pump is 85%?
A. 2.25 kW C. 2.75 kW
B. 2.50 Kw D. 3.00 kW

12. A centrifugal pump delivers 1,200 L/min of water at a discharge pressure of 165 kPa and
a suction pressure of 5.0 cm of mercury. The motor draws 6.30 kW of power. What is the
overall efficiency of the motor-pump combination?
A. 55% C. 65%
B. 60% D. 70%

13. It is proposed to use a standard gasoline engine with a compression ratio of 6:1 for an
industrial operation. A test is conducted to determine the efficiency of the engine.
Gasoline with a density of 0.70 and a heating value of 44.432 MJ/kg is used for the
test. A torque device measures 200 N at a distance of one meter at an engine speed of
1,500 r/min. The engine uses 3 ¾ liters of gasoline in 15 min. while developing that
torque. Which of the following most nearly equals the thermal efficiency of the engine.
A. 19.8% C. 28.3%
B. 24.2% D. 32.1%

14. A pressure gage on a tank reads 689.64 kPa. The gage was calibrated on a dead-weight
gage tester and found to read 0.025% low over the range from 600 to 700 kPa. What was
the true pressure in the tank?
A. 688.47 kPa C. 689.64 kPa
B. 689.47 kPa D. 689.81 kPa

15. A U-tube mercury manometer is to be used to measure an estimated differential pressure

of 88 cm of water in a water system. Using a safety factor of 1.5, how long should the
measurable section of the U-tube be?
A. 8.33 cm C. 9.71 cm
B. 9.04 cm D. 10.47 cm

16. A diesel-engine-driven generator produces 10.0 kW of power. The generator has an

efficiency of 96%. If the diesel engine operates with an efficiency of 34%, how many
liters of fuel would it consume in an eight-hour shift? Diesel fuel has a specific
gravity of 0.81 and a heating value of 42.57 MJ/kg.
A. 26 L C. 41 L
B. 30 L D. 35 L

17. A 15 cm diameter cylinder has a mass of 1.10 kg. It is placed in a cylindrical barrel
which is 30 cm inside diameter and is partly full of water. The inserted cylinder
floats. How much will the surface of the water in the barrel rise?
A. zero C. 1.56 cm
B. 0.82 cm D. 2.10 cm

18. A jet of water 2.5 cm in diameter flows at the rate of 0.500 m 3/min. It impinges on a
flat surface perpendicular to the axis of the stream. What force is exerted on the
surface?
A. 142 N C. 152 N
B. 147 N D. 157 N

19. A beaker of liquid is set on a bench to cool. If the temperature of the liquid falls
from 70°C to 60°C in 12 minutes, how much longer will it take for the liquid to cool to
50°C? The ambient temperature is 20°C. Neglect extraneous losses.
A. 13.5 min C. 14.9 min
B. 14.2 min D. 15.5 min

20. The wall of a house is made up of a layer of plaster over brick. The coefficients of
conductance are as follows:
Film coefficient for indoor surface 9.37 W/m2 K
Plaster layer 26.35 W/m2 K
Brick outer layer 3.58 W/m2 K
Film coefficient for outer surface 34.07 W/m2 K
What is the overall heat transfer coefficient for the wall?
A. 2.21 W/m2 K C. 1.46 W/m2 K
B. 1.84 W/m K
2
D. 1.32 W/m2 K

21. What theoretical power is required for the isothermal compression of 25 cubic meters of
air per minute from one atmosphere to 830 kPa absolute pressure.
A. 94 kW C. 84 kW
B. 89 Kw D. 79 kW
22. A rigid container holds 1.5 kg of air at 175 kPa and 40° C. What is the volume of the
container?
A. 0.57 m3 C. 0.77 m3
B. 0.67 m3 D. 0.87 m3

23. Heat is lost through one m2 of furnace wall at the rate of 1.639 kW. The temperature on
the inside of the furnace wall is 1040°C, and it is 0.500 m thick. The average thermal
conductivity of the furnace wall is 1.056 W/m·K. What is the temperature of the outside
surface of the wall?
A. 264° C C. 274° C
B. 269° C D. 279° C

24. A counterflow heat exchanger operates with hot liquid entering at 200° C and leaving at
160°C. The liquid to be heated enters at 40°C and leaves at140°C. What is the log mean
temperature difference between the hot and cold liquids?
A. 87° C C. 97° C
B. 92° C D. 102° C

25. A home owner plans to use solar heat to warm his house. He figures to heat water, store
it, and then circulate the warm water through coils to heat his living area. The design
calls for 5.0 kW of roof heating to supply the reserve heat for the water reservoir. If
his solar panels will provide a 20% conversion of incident energy to heat water running
through piping attached to the panels, and it is estimated that in his area the radiant
solar energy will average 1.35 kW/m2, how large a roof area must he cover with the solar
panels?
A. 18.5 m2 C. 22.9 m2
B. 20.7 m2 D. 25.0 m2

26. What would be the expected increase in efficiency of an Otto-cycle gasoline engine if
the compression ratio were increased from 6.5 to 8.0?
A. 4.6% C. 7.2%
B. 5.9% D. 8.5%

27. A fluid at 689.5 kPa and a specific volume of 0.250 m 3/kg enters an apparatus with a
velocity of 152.4 m/sec. Heat and radiation losses in the apparatus equal 23,263 J/kg of
fluid supplied. The fluid leaves the apparatus at a pressure of 137.90 kPa with a
specific volume of 0.9365 m3/kg and a velocity of 304.79 m/sec. In the apparatus the
shaft work done by the fluid is equal to 582,938 J/kg. What is the change in the
internal energy of the fluid?
A. -598 kJ/kg C. -523 kJ/kg
B. -561 kJ/kg D. -486 kJ/kg -551.43???

28. Methane (CH4) enters an ideal nozzle at a static pressure of 689.5 kPa abs and a static
temperature of 26.67 °C. The entering velocity is 121.9 m/sec. The nozzle discharges
0.7256 kg/sec into a vessel in which the static pressure is 551.6 kPa abs. For methane k
= 1.30 and cv = 1.687 kJ/kg-K. What is the exit velocity from the nozzle?
A. 207 m/sec C. 256 m/sec
B. 230 m/sec D. 284 m/sec

29. A heavy fuel oil with a specific gravity of 0.94 and a viscosity of 2.01 poise is to be
pumped at the rate of 2,000 liters/min through a 30 cm I.D. pipe. What would be the
friction factor?
A. 0.033 C. 0.077
B. 0.055 D. 0.099

30. A pump uses a 1200 rpm motor to pump 100,000 kg/min of standard temperature water that
has a density of 1000 kg/m3 (which may be assumed constant through the pump) has a
pressure rise from 1 bar to 40 bar using a 10 cm diameter impeller. The inlet diameter
is 35 cm and the exit diameter is 25 cm. The outlet from the pump is at the same
elevation as the inlet to the pump. The pump has an efficiency of 75%. For the new pump
– what is the new flow rate in kg/min.
A. 150,000 C. 193,000
B. 170,000 D. 211,000

31. A water cooled air compressor operating on the polytropic process with an n = 1.2, is
used to compress 500 m3/min of air at 1 bar and 20°C to a pressure of 15 bar. The
compressor has an isentropic efficiency of 75%. Power input required in kW.
A. 2,500 C. 3,100
B. 3,800 D. 4,500

32. A fan delivers 225 m3/min of standard air per minute against a back pressure of 10 cm of
water while it is operating at 500 rpm. The efficiency of the fan is 85%. If the rpm is
increased to 700 rpm how much power is required and what is the new flow rate?
A. 7.6 C. 10.1
B. 8.5 D. 11.9
33. Air enters the diffuser of a ramjet engine at 25 kPa and 250 K with a velocity of 4000
km/hr and is decelerated to a low velocity at the exit of the diffuser of the engine.
The heat addition in the combustion chamber is 1000 kJ/kg. The air exits the nozzle at
25 kPa. The pressure at the diffuser exit, in kPa, is most nearly:
 A. 850 C. 1450
B. 1200 D. 1717

34. A large municipal power plant produces 1,000 MW of power. The overall plant efficiency
is 41%. Coal with a heating value of 24 MJ/kg is used for heating the water in the
boilers. If cooling water is allowed to raise 12°C as it goes through the condenser, how
much cooling water is necessary in kg/min?
A. 450,000 C. 1,100,000
B. 850,000 D. 1,380,000

35. A conduit having a cross section of an equilateral triangle of sides b has water flowing
through it at a depth b/2. Find the “hydraulic radius”. (Fig. 5-12)
A. 0.39b C. 0.24b
B. 0.32b D. 0.17b

36. A mass of copper, suspected of being hollow, weighs 523 g in air and 447.5 g in water.
If the specific gravity of copper is 8.92, what is the volume of the cavity, if any?
A. 11 cm3 C. 17 cm3
B. 14 cm3
D. 21 cm3

37. A liquid metal is flowing inside of a 3 cm diameter pipe, 5 meters long with an entering
temperature of 400 °C. The wall temperature is maintained at 500 °C and the mass flow
rate of the metal is 50 kg/min. ρ = 5,500 kg/m 3 ,Pr = 0.0025, µ = 0.0025 N-s/m 2 , k = 6.2
W/m-K, cp = 0.33 kJ/kg-K. The exit temperature of the liquid metal is most nearly:
A. 430 C. 465
B. 445 D. 500

38. Oil at 300 K is flowing over a flat plate maintained at 400 K. The plate is 0.5 m long
and 2 m wide. The velocity of flow is 0.2 m/s. The properties are evaluated at the mean
temperature of 350 °C. Properties of the oil are: v = 41.7 x 10 -6 m2/s, k = 0.138 W/m-K,
Pr = 546, ρ = 853 kg/m3. The Nusselt number is most nearly:
A. 260 C. 230
B. 295 D. 180

39. A constant cross-section rectangular fin 6 cm long with a base of 1 cm by 2 mm is used

to dissipate heat from a 400 °C surface. The convection coefficient is h = 20 W/m 2-K and
the conductivity is 40 W/m-K. The temperature of the air surrounding the fin is 35 °C.
The heat transfer in watts from the fin is most nearly:
A. 6.5 C. 4.9
B. 5.8 D. 7.1

40. A barometer tube 88 cm long contains some air above the mercury. It gives a reading of
68 cm when upright. When the tube is tilted to an angle of 45’, the length of the
mercury column becomes 80 cm. Which of the following most nearly equals the reading of
an accurate barometer?
A. 76.0 mm Hg C. 75.6 mm Hg
B. 75.8 mm Hg D. 75.2 mm Hg

41. Which of the following most nearly equals the resulting quality of the steam if 5.0 kg
of water is injected into an evacuated vessel which is maintained at 175 °C, if the
volume of the vessel is 283 l ?
A. 26% C. 21%
B. 32% D. 35%

42. If a 75 kW heat engine operates on the ideal Carnot cycle between the temperatures of
280 and 60 °C, which of the following most nearly equals the amount of heat rejected?
A. 41 kJ/s C. 54 kJ/s
B. 49 kJ/s D. 57 kJ/s

43. Determine which of the following is most nearly equal to the amount of heat which would
be lost through a window which measured 60 cm by 75 cm if the inside temperature were 25
C greater than the temperature outside. The window glass is 3.0 mm thick, and the
surface coefficients, “h”, and glass conductivity, “k”, are as follows: h i = 8.52 W/m2·K;
hO = 34.07 W/m2·K; k = 1.04 W/m·K
A. Q = 58 W C. Q = 71 W
B. Q = 64 W D. Q = 75 W

44. The plant engineer in a steam power plant that burns a hydrocarbon fuel makes an Orsat
analysis of the stack gas. The analysis shows the following: 11.3% CO 2, 4.5% O2 and 84.2%
N2. The discharge temperature of the stack gas is 315 °C and the pressure is 29.65 kPa
gauge. The specific heats at constant pressure for the products of the combustion are:
CO2 , 0.846 kJ/(kg·K), O2 , 0.918 kJ/(kg·K), N2 , 1.04 kJ/(kg·K) and H2O (steam), 1.989
kJ/(kg·K). The fuel is a member of the methane series (C nH2n+2). Which of the following is
the chemical formula of the fuel?
A. C6H14 C. C4H10
B. C5H12 D. C2H6
45. The volumetric analysis of a gas mixture shows that it consists of 70 percent nitrogen,
20 percent carbon dioxide, and 10 percent carbon monoxide. If the pressure and
temperature of the mixture are 140 kPa abs and 40°C, respectively, which of the
following most nearly equals the mass percent of the carbon monoxide?
A. 13% C. 9%
B. 11% D. 7%

46. The pressure of 37 gal/min (65 L/s) of 80F (27C) SAE 40 oil is increased from 1 atm to
40 psig (275 kPa). The hydraulic power required is most nearly
A. 0.45 hp (9kW) C. 1.8 hp (36kW)
B. 0.9 hp (18 kW) D. 3.6 hp (72 kW)

47. What is the typical approximate supply air pressure in a pneumatic HVAC control system?
A. 7 psig C. 35 psig
B. 18 psig D. 140 pig

48. The control signal in a pneumatic control system is air pressure that falls which
approximate range?
A. 0-4 psig C. 12-45 psig
B. 3-15 psig D. 30-120 psig

49. A double-suction water pump moving 300 gal/sec (1.1 kL/s) turns at 900 rpm. The pump
adds 20 ft (7 m) of head to the water. The specific speed is most nearly
A. 3000 rpm (52 rpm) C. 9000 rpm (160 rpm)
B. 6000 rpm (100 rpm) D. 12,000 rpm (210 rpm)

50. A two- stage centrifugal pump draws water from an inlet 10 ft below its eye. Each stage
of the pump adds 150 ft of head. What is the approximate maximum suggested speed for
this application?
A. 900 rpm C. 1700 rpm
B. 1200 rpm D. 2000 rpm

51. The velocity of the tip of a marine propeller is 4.2 times the boat velocity. The
propeller is located 8 ft (3 m) below the surface. The temperature of the seawater is
68F (20C). The density of seawater is approximately 64.0 lbm/ft3 (1024 kg/m3), and the
salt content is 2.5% by weight. The practical maximum boat velocity, as limited strictly
by cavitation, is most nearly
A. 9.1 ft /sec (2.7 m/s) C. 15 ft/sec (4.5 m/s)
B. 12 ft/sec (3.8 m/s) D. 22 ft/sec (6.6 m/s)

52. A Pump was intended to run at 1750 rpm when driven by a 0.5 hp (0.37 kW) motor. The
required power rating of a motor that will turn the pump at 2000 rpm is most nearly
A. 0.25 hp (0.19 kW) C. 0.65 hp (0.49 kW)
B. 0.45 hp (0.34 kW) D. 0.75 hp (0.55 kW)

53. A horizontal turbine reduces 100 ft3/sec of water from 30 psia to 5 psia. Friction is
negligible. The power developed is most nearly
A. 350 hp C. 650 hp
B. 500 hp D. 800 hp

54. 1000 ft3/sec of 60F water flow from a high reservoir through a hydroelectric turbine
installation, exiting 625 ft lower. The head loss due to friction is 58 ft. The turbine
efficiency is 89%. The power developed in the turbines is most nearly
A. 40 kW C. 43 MW
B. 18 MW D. 71 MW

55. A 10 in (250 mm) bore, 18 in (460 mm) stroke, two-cylinder, four-stroke internal
combustion engine operates with an indicated means effective pressure of 95 psig (660
kPa) at 200 rpm. The actual torque developed is 600 ft-Ibf (820 Nm). The friction
horsepower is most nearly
A. 17 hp (13 kW) C. 45 hp (33 kW)
B. 22 hp (17 kW) D. 78 hp (60 kW)

56. A four-cycle internal combustion engine has a bore of 3.1 in (80 mm) and a stroke of 3.8
in (97 mm). When the engine is running at 4000 rpm, the air-fuel mixture enters the
cylinders during the intake stroke with an average velocity of 100 ft/sec (30 m/s). The
intake valve opens at top dead center (BCD). The volumetric efficiency is 65%. The
effective area of the intake valve is most nearly
A. 0.012 ft2 (0.0012 m2) C. 0.034 ft2 (0.0034 m2)
B. 0.023 ft (0.0023 m )
2 2
D. 0.058 ft2 (0.0058 m2)

57. A 4.25 in x 6 in (110 mm x 150 mm), six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine runs at 1200
rpm while consuming 28 Ibm of fuel per hour (0.0035 kg/s). The actual volumetric
fraction of carbon dioxide in the exhaust is 9% (dry basis). At another throttle
setting, when the air-fuel ratio is 15:1, there is 13.7% (dry basis) carbon dioxide in
the exhaust. The atmospheric conditions are 14.7 psia and 70F (101.3 kPa and 21C). The
volumetric efficient at 1200 rpm is most nearly
A. 59% C. 72%
 B. 65% D. 80%

58. At standard atmospheric conditions, a fully loaded diesel engine runs at 2000 rpm and
develops 1000 bhp (750 kW). Metered fuel injection is used. The brake specific fuel
consumption is 0.45 Ibm/bhp-hr (76 kg/GJ). The mechanical efficiency is 80% independent
of the altitude. International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) conditions are applicable.
At an altitude of 5000 ft (1500 m), the brake horse-power will be most nearly
A. 810 R (720K) C. 890 R (690K)
B. 860 R (650K) D. 950 R (740K)

59. A gasoline-fueled internal combustion engines runs at 4600 rpm. The engine is four-
stroke and V-8 in configuration with a displacement of 265 in 3 (4.3 L). The indicated
work done by the exhaust gases in expansion is 1500 ft-Ibf (2.0 kJ) per cycle. The input
energy from fuel combustion is 1.27 Btu (1.33 kJ) per cycle. Atmospheric air is at 14.7
psia and 70F (101.3 kPa and 21C). The air-fuel ratio is 20:1. The heating value of
gasoline is 18,900 Btu/Ibm (44 MJ/kg). Neglect the effects of friction.
The indicated horsepower is most nearly
A. 140 hp (110 kW) C. 200 hp (160 kW)
B. 170 hp (120 kW) D. 240 hp (190 kW)

60. In an air-standard gas turbine, air at 14.7 psia and 60F (101.3 kPa and 16C) enters a
compressor and is compressed through a volume ratio of 5:1. The compressor efficiency is
83%. Air enters the turbine at 1500F (820C) and expands to 14.7 psia (101.3 kPa). The
turbine efficiency is 92%. The thermal efficiency of the cycle is most nearly
A. 33% C. 44%
B. 39% D. 51%

61. A 65% efficient regenerator is added to the gas turbine described in Prob. 2. Assume the
specific heat remains constant. The new thermal efficiency is most nearly
A. 24% C. 34%
B. 28% D. 41%

62. A nuclear reactor develops 4000 MW thermal (1200 MW electric) When operating a full
power. The fuel rods are submerged in pressurized water within the pressure vessel. Each
fuel rod’s average linear power density is 19 kW / m. The pressure vessel is modeled as
a cylinder with an internal diameter of 5 m and an average internal length of 12 m. Fuel
rods and control assemblies occupy 20% of the internal volume of the pressure vessel.
Fuel rods is 3.6 m in length. The tops of the fuel rods are 6.1 m below the pool
surface. At full capacity, conditions within the pressure vessel are 17.5 MPa and 350C.
After a loss of pressurization, gravity-fed emergency flooding will maintain the water
temperature at 95C for 12 hours. If the reactor stays in the full capacity
configuration, and if electrical power to the pumps and other emergency back-up cooling
and control systems is lost, assuming no heat loss to the surroundings, and neglecting
the heat capacity of the fuel rods and control assemblies, approximately how long after
a loss of pressurization event will the tops of the fuel rods become uncovered?
A. 0.02 h C. 37 h
B. 12 h D. 72 h

63. A source with an activity of 2 curies emits 2 MeV gamma rays. For this intensity, the
linear attenuation coefficient and build-up factor for a lead shield are 0.5182 cm -1 and
2.78, respectively. Approximately how thick must a lead shield be to reduce the activity
to 1%?
A. 5 cm C. 11 cm
B. 8 cm D. 25 cm

64. An ocean thermal energy conversion plant draws 40F (4.4C) Water from depth of 1200 ft
(360 m). The water temperature at the surface is 82F (27.8C). The maximum achievable
thermal efficiency is most nearly
A. 7.8% C. 15%
B. 11% D. 21%

65. A bank of solar cells supplies power to a 95% efficient electric water heater. The area
of a solar cell bank is 500 ft2. The solar cell bank has a maximum theoretical efficiency
of 31% and receives an incident solar flux of 150 W/m 2. The heater boils water to make
saturated steam at 30 psig to supply a turbine. Feed-water enters the boiler as
saturated liquid at 140F. What is most nearly the maximum steam flow rate to the
turbine?
A. 6.3 Ibm / hr C. 11 Ibm / hr
B. 9.5 Ibm / hr D. 21 Ibm / hr

66. A 20 mi /hr wind at standard temperature and pressure passes through a horizontal wind
turbine. The wind is perpendicular to the plane of the blades. The turbine has a blade
diameter of 30 ft. Air temperature and pressure are 70F and 1 atm. What is most nearly
the maximum power that the turbine can generate?
A. 12 hp C. 150 hp
B. 38 hp D. 1200 hp
67. A wind turbine and generator powers an off-grid load. The turbine has a power
coefficient of 0.45 and a rotor diameter of 35 ft. The load is three phase at 480 V and
draws 20 A with a power factor of 0.90. The air is at standard conditions. The wind
velocity is 20 mi / hr. Air temperature and pressure are 70F and 1 atm. What is most
nearly the efficiency of the turbine generator system?
A. 73% C. 85%
B. 81% D. 87%

68. In a 20 mi / hr wind, a turbine produces 200 kW. The power coefficient, turbine, and
generator efficiencies are constant for all wind speeds. The turbine is required to
supply 50 kW to the electrical grid and 250 kW to a local load. What is the most nearly
the wind speed required for the turbine to supply the load and the electrical grid?
A. 23 mi / hr C. 29 mi / hr
B. 25 mi / hr D. 32 mi / hr

69. Air expands isentropically at the rate of 10 ft3/sec from 200 psia and 1500F to 50
psia . Using air tables, the air’s final temperature is most nearly
A. 1275R C. 1375R
B. 1325R D. 1425R

70. Which statement is FALSE?

A. The availability of a system depends on the location of the system.
B. In the absent of friction and other irreversibilities, a heat engine cycle can
have a thermal efficiency of 100%.
C. The gas temperature always decreases when the gas expands isentropically.
D. Water in a liquid state cannot exist at any temperature if the pressure is less
than the triple point pressure.

71. Which statement is TRUE?

A. Entropy does not change in an adiabatic process.
B. The entropy of a close system cannot decrease.
C. Entropy increases when a refrigerant passes through a throttling valve.
D. The entropy of air inside a close room with a running electrical driven fan will
always increase over time.

72. The isentropic efficiency of a compressor that takes in air at 8 psia and - 10F (55 kPa
and - 20C) and discharges it at 40 psia and 315F (275 kPa and 160C) is most nearly
A. 61% C. 74%
B. 66% D. 81%

73. A reciprocating air compressor has a 7% clearance and discharges 65 psia (450 kPa) air
at the rate of 48 Ibm/min (0.36 kg/s). Ambient air is at 14.7 psia and 65F. The
polytropic exponent is 1.33. The mass of air that is compressed each minute is most
nearly
A. 42 Ibm / min (0.32 kg / s) C. 56 Ibm / min (0.42 kg / s)
B. 51 Ibm / min (0.38 kg / s) D. 74 Ibm / min (0.55 kg / s)

74. A heat pump operates on the Carnot cycle between 40F and 700F (4C and 370C). The
coefficient of performance is most nearly
A. 1.5 C. 2.2
B. 1.8 D. 2.7

75. A heat pump using refrigerant R-12 operates on the Carnot cycle. The refrigerant
evaporates and is compressed at 35.7 psia and 172.4 psia (246 kPa and 1190 kPa),
respectively. The coefficient of performance is most nearly
A. 3.2 C. 4.3
B. 3.9 D. 5.8

76. A refrigerator using refrigerant R-12. The input power is 585 W. Heat absorbed from the
cooled space is 450 Btu / hr (0.13 kW). The coefficient of performance is most nearly
A. 0.2 C. 0.7
B. 0.4 D. 0.9

77. A refrigerator cools a continuous aqueous solution (C p = 1 Btu / Ibm - F; 4.19 kJ / kg
C) flow of 100 gal / min (0.4 m3 / min) from 80F (25C) to 20F (- 5C) in an 80F
(25C) environment. The minimum power requirement is most nearly
A. 82 hp (63 kW) C. 130 hp (90 kW)
B. 100 hp (74 kW) D. 150 hp (94 kW)

78. An air refrigeration cycle compresses air from 70F (20C) and 14.7 psia (101 kPa) to 60
psia (400 kPa) in a 70% efficient compressor. The air is cooled to 25F (-4.0C) in a
constant pressure process before entering a turbine with isentropic efficient of 0.80.
Assume air is an ideal gas.The temperature of the air leaving the compressor is most
nearly
A. 720R (400K) C. 860R (270K)
B. 790R (440K) D. 900R (490K)
79. Experiments have shown that the thermal conductivity, k, of a particular material varies
with temperature, T, according to the following relationship.
KT = (0.030) (1 + 0.0015 T)
What is the most nearly the value of k that should be used for a transfer of heat
through the material if the hot-side temperature is 350 (F or C) and the cold-side
temperature is 150 (F or C)?
A. 0.04 C. 0.10
B. 0.06 D. 0.20

80. What is the most nearly the heat flow through insulating brick 1.0 ft (30 cm) thick in
an oven wall with a thermal conductivity of 0.038 Btu-ft / hr-ft 2 - F (0.066 W/mK)? The
thermal gradient is 350F (195C).
A. 10 Btu / hr-ft2 (30 W/m2) C. 20 Btu / hr-ft2 (60 W/m2)
B. 15 Btu / hr-ft2 (40 W/m2) D. 30 Btu / hr-ft2 (100 W/m2)

81. A round 18 in (457 mm) duct is to be replaced by a rectangular duct with an aspect ratio
of 4:1. The dimensions of the rectangular duct are most nearly
A. 8 in x 30 in (200 mm x 760 mm) C. 12 in x 18 in (300 mm x 460 mm)
B. 9 in x 35 in (220 mm x 880 mm) D. 18 in x 72 in (460 mm x 1800 mm)

82. A motor rated at 5 hp delivers 4.3 hp to a fan. The fan rotates at 920 rpm and moves
160F air at standard pressure into a drying process. The static pressure across the fan
is 2.3 in wg. The fan efficiency is 62%. The fan flow rate at standard conditions is
most nearly
A. 5100 ft3 / min C. 6300 ft3 / min
B. 5800 ft3 / min D. 7400 ft3 / min

83. A propose residential fuel cell system runs on bottle natural gas. The system consists
of a fuel reformer, A power stock, and a power conditioner. The over-all efficiency of
the system will be 45%. The average load supplied by the fuel cell system is 1.7 kW, But
the proposed system can supply a maximum of 2.3 kW. The cost of the natural gas is
$0.40/therm, and by comparison, the cost of electricity from the electrical grid is
$0.08/kW-hr. The fuel cell system will cost $3500, including installation. What is the
pay-back period for the system?
A. 1.6 yr C. 3.5 yr
B. 2.1 yr D. 4.7 yr

84. An engine runs on the Otto cycle. The compression ratio is 10:1. The total intake volume
of the cylinders is 11 ft3 (0.3 m3). Air enters at 14.2 psia and 80F (98 kPa and 27C).
In two revolutions of the crank, after the compression strokes, 160 Btu (179 kJ) of
energy is added.
The temperature after the heat addition is most nearly
A. 1290R (720K) C. 1750R (970K)
B. 1550R (860K) D. 2320R (1340K) 1486???

85. A steam cycle operates between 650F and 100F (340C and 38C). The maximum possible
thermal efficiency is most nearly
A. 42% C. 54%
B. 49% D. 58%

86. A steam Carnot cycle operates between 650F and 100F (340C and 38C). The turbine and
compressor (pump) isentropic efficiencies are 90% and 80%, respectively. The thermal
efficiency is most nearly
A. 31% C. 41%
B. 36% D. 58%

87. A steam turbine cycle produces 600 MWe (megawatts of electrical power). The condenser
load is 3.07 x 109 Btu/hr (900 MW). The thermal efficiency is most nearly
A. 32% C. 40%
B. 37% D. 44%

88. Two centrifugal pumps operate in series and have a combined discharge of 50 gpm. What is
most nearly the total discharge head?
A. 24 ft C. 80 ft
B. 50 ft D. 100 ft

89. 2000 gal/min of 60F thickened sludge with a specific gravity of 1.2 flows through a pump
with an inlet diameter of 12 in and an outlet diameter of 8 in. The centerlines of the
inlet and outlet are at the same elevation. The inlet pressure is 8 in of mercury
(vacuum). A discharge pressure gauge located 4 ft above the pump discharge centerline
reads 20 psig. The pump efficiency is 85%. All pipes are schedule-40. The input power of
the pump is most nearly
A. 26 hp C. 37 hp
B. 31 hp D. 53 hp
90. 80 gal/min (5 L/s) of 80F (27C) water is lifted 12 ft (4 m) vertically by a pump
through a total length of 50 ft (15 m) of a2 in (5.1 cm) diameter smooth rubber hose.
The discharge end of the hose is submerged in 8 ft (2.5 m) of water as shown. The head
added by the pump is mostly nearly
A. 10 ft (3.0 m) C. 22 ft (6.6 m)
B. 13 ft (4.0 m) D. 31 ft (9.3 m)

91. A Francis-design hydraulic reaction turbine with 22 in (560 mm) diameter blades runs at
610 rpm. The turbine develops 250 hp (185 kW) when 25 ft 3/sec (700 L/s) of water flow
through it. The pressure head at the turbine entrance is 92.5 ft (28.2 m). The elevation
of the turbine above the tail water level is 5.26 ft (1.75 m). The inlet and outlet
velocities are both 12 ft/sec (3.6 m/s).
The effective head is most nearly
A. 90 ft (27 m) C. 100 ft (31 m)
B. 95 ft (29 m) D. 105 ft (35 m)

92. A steam engine with bore and stroke of 250 mm x 450 mm rotates at 250 rpm. If the mean
effective pressure is 400 kPa, what is the indicated power developed in the cylinder?
A. 85.45 kW C. 84.75 kW
B. 73.63 kW D. 78.57 kW

93. The bore and stroke of an air compressor are 276 mm and 164 mm respectively. If the
piston displacement is 0.039 m3 /s, what is the operating speed of the compressor?
A. 238.49 rpm C. 338.49 rpm
B. 261.54 rpm D. 361.54 rpm

94. A car engine with a power output of 65 hp has a thermal efficiency of 24 %. Determine
the fuel consumption rate of this car if the fuel has a heating of 19,000 Btu/lb.
A. 36.3 C. 30.24
B. 33.6 D. 34.2

95. A refrigeration system has refrigerating effect per kilogram of 220 kJ. The heat to be
removed is 630 kJ/hr. Calculate the mass circulated per hour.
A. 3.186 kg/hr C. 8 kg/hr
B. 10 kg/hr D. 2.86 kg/hr

96. A refrigerant leaves the condenser as a liquid at 26°C and expands into the evaporator
which is at 1.5°C. Data from a table show a refrigerating effect of 130.85 J/kg. What
would be the mass flow rate for a refrigeration requirement of 52.75 kW?
A. 20.72 kg/min C. 23.17 kg/min
B. 22.09 kg/min D. 24.19 kg/min

97. Water is the working fluid in a power cycle that operates according to an ideal Rankine
cycle. Superheated vapor enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 520°C and is exhausted into
the condenser at 8 kPa. The net output of the Rankine cycle is 120 MW. Determine the
heat flow out of the condenser kJ/hr.
A. 9.178 x 109 kJ/hr C. 8.178 x 109 kJ/hr
B. 7.178 x 109 kJ/hr D. 6.178 x 109 kJ/hr

98. Which process CANNOT be modeled as an isenthalpic process?

A. Viscous drag on an object moving through air
B. an ideal gas acceleration to supersonic speed through a converging-diverging
nozzle.
C. Refrigerant passing through a pressure-reducing throttling valve
D. high-pressure steam escaping through a spring-loaded pressure-relief (safety)
valve.

99. Which of the following would NOT normally be used to vary the flow rate of a fan-driven
ventilation system?
A. system dampers C. inlet vanes
B. variable pitch blade D. variable speed motors

100. Which of the following parameters is normally sensed in order to control a variable
frequency drive (VFD) in a variable air volume (VAV) system?
A. duct velocity pressure C. fan motor current
B. supply air fan rate of flow D. VAV box airflow

***END***

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