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AECH2111- Data Booklet

Dimensions & Conversions

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Temperature Conversions
T°C = (T°F – 32)/1.8 T°F = (T°C x 1.8) + 32

TK = T°C + 273.15 T°R = T°F + 459.67

Common Prefixes
Nano (n) 0.000000001 = 10-9
Micro (µ) 0.000001 = 10-6
Milli (m) 0.001 = 10-3
Kilo (k) 1000 = 103
Mega (M) 1,000,000 = 106
Giga (G) 1,000,000,000 = 109
Terra (T) 1,000,000,000,000 = 1012
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Mole Calculations & Reaction Yields

Mole and Mass Calculations

m = n x MM where m = mass (g); n = moles (mol); MM = molar mass (g/mol)

N = n x NA where N = number of particles; n = moles (mol); NA = 6.022 x 1023

particles/mol

actual yield x 100%

% yield =
theoretical yield

moles( substance A)
mole fraction (substance A) =
total moles

mass( substance A )
mass fraction (substance A) =
total mass

Concentration Calculations

mass of solute (mg)

parts per million (ppm) =
volume of solution( L)

moles of solute (mol)

Molarity (M) =
volume of solution( L)
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Gas Laws

Boyle’s Law: P1 V1 = P2 V2 (constant temperature)

V1 V2
Charles’s Law: =
T1 T2
(constant pressure)

P 1 P2
Gay-Lussac’s Law: =
T1 T 2
(constant
volume)

P1V 1 P2V 2
Combined Gas Law: T1
=
T2

Ideal Gas Law: PV =nRT

Where R= 8.314 (kPa)(L)/(mol)(K)

R= 8.314 (J)/(mol)(K)
R= 8.314 (kJ)/(kmol)(K)
R= 0.08206 (L)(atm)/(mol)(K)
R= 8.314 (kPa)(m3)/(kg mol)(K)

Standard Pressure and Temperature (STP)

P = 100 kPa and T = 0℃ = 273.15K
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Energy Balance
Energy balance for any system undergoing any process:

For a Closed system

(Qin – Qout )+ (Win – Wout ) = ΔU+ ΔKE+ ΔPE

For a stationary closed system ΔU = U2 - U1

ΔKE = 0, ΔPE = 0
E = total energy (kJ)
U = internal energy (kJ)
KE = kinetic energy (kJ)
PE = potential energy (kJ)
Q = heat energy (kJ)
W = work (kJ)
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