Self-Learning Module for Grade 11

Mathematics
Statistics and Probability

CHAPTER III: SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION

LESSON 1: Sampling Distribution of Sample Means
Answer Key(s):

1. B 1. B
2. D 2. D
3. C 3. C
4. A 4. A
5. B 5. B

1. d 1. simple
2. a 2. systematic
3. b 3. systematic
4. c 4. stratified
5. cluster

1. systematic 2. simple
2. stratified 3. stratified
3. simple 4. systematic
4. cluster 5. cluster
5. simple

1. stratified

LESSON 2: Parameter VS Statistic

Answer Key(s):
1. C 1. C
2. A 2. A
3. C 3. C
4. B 4. B
5. B 5. B

I. The IQ of 8 grade one students are given below:

Number x x−µ (x − µ)2
1 80 -29.88 892.81
2 125 15.12 228.61
3 128 18.12 328.33
4 130 20.12 404.81
5 95 -14.88 221.41
6 107 -2.88 8.29
7 114 4.12 16.97
8 100 -9.88 97.61
∑x = 879 ∑(x − µ)2 = 2198.84

population mean population variance population standard deviation

µ = ∑x ∑(x−µ)2
N
= 2198.84
8
σ 2​ = N
≈ 2198.84
σ = √ ∑(x−µ)2
N

√
8 2198.84
≈
≈ 109.88 ≈ 274.86 8
√
≈ 274.86
≈ 16.58

II. The scores of the 7 randomly selected students are given below:
Number x x−x (x − x)2
1 35 8.57 73.44
2 17 -9.43 88.92
3 15 -11.43 130.64
4 31 4.57 20.88
5 22 -4.43 19.62
6 27 0.57 0.32
7 38 11.57 133.86
∑x = 185 ∑(x − x)2 = 467.68
 sample mean sample variance sample standard deviation

x = ∑x ∑(x−µ)2
N
= 185
s 2​ = N
≈ 467.68
s = √ ∑(x−µ)2
N

√
7 7 467.68
≈
≈ 26.43 ≈ 66.81 7
≈ √66.81
≈ 8.17

LESSON 3: Sampling Distribution of Means

Answer Key(s):

1. A 2. C
2. C 3. B
3. B 4. B
4. B 5. A
5. A
1. A

1. ​4​C​2 ​= 6
2. ​6​C​2 ​= 15
3. ​5​C​3 =
​ 10

Observation Sample Mean

1 1, 2, 3 2
2 1, 2, 4 2.33
3 1, 2, 5 2.67
4 1, 3, 4 2.67
5 1, 3, 5 3
6 1, 4, 5 3.33
7 2, 3, 4 3
8 2, 3, 5 3.33
9 2, 4, 5 3.67
10 3, 4, 5 4

I. a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.
 Observation Samples Sample Mean
1 (1, 4) 2.5
2 (1, 3) 2
3 (1, 2) 1.5
4 (4, 3) 3.5
5 (4, 2) 3
6 (3, 2) 2.5

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)
1
1.5 1 6
1
2 1 6
2
2.5 2 6
1
3 1 6
1
3.5 1 6

c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.

II. a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.
Observation Samples Sample Mean
1 (4, 5, 6) 5
2 (4, 5, 7) 5.33
3 (4, 5, 8) 5.67
4 (4, 6, 7) 5.67
5 (4, 6, 8) 6
6 (4, 7, 8) 6.33
7 (5, 6, 7) 6
8 (5, 6, 8) 6.33
9 (5, 7, 8) 6.67
10 (6, 7, 8) 7

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)
1
5 1 10
1
5.33 1 10
2
5.67 2 10
2
6 2 10
 2
6.33 2 10
1
6.67 1 10
1
7 1 10
c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the means.

LESSON 4: Finding the Mean and Variance of the Sampling Distribution of Means

Answer Key(s):

1. B 1. B
2. A 2. A
3. D 3. D
4. C 4. C
5. D 5. D

1. Compute the mean of the population

2. Compute the variance of the population.
3. Determine the number of possible samples of size n = 2.
4. List all possible samples and their corresponding means.
5. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.
6. Compute the mean of the sampling distribution of the sample means. Follow these
steps:
a. Multiply the sample mean by the corresponding probability.
b. Add the results.
7. Compute the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means. Follow these
steps:
 a. Subtract the population mean from each sample mean.
b. Square the difference.
c. Multiply the results by the corresponding probability.
d. Add the results.

Samples Mean = X
2 5 6 4.33
2 5 8 5.00
2 5 9 5.33
2 6 8 5.33
2 6 9 5.67
2 8 9 6.33
5 6 8 6.33
5 6 9 6.67
5 8 9 7.33
6 8 9 7.67
1. Population Mean =μ​x​ =6.0
2. Population Variance = σ​x​ =6.0

3.
Sample Probability
Frequency(f) X·P(X) X-​µ (X-​µ)​ 2​ P(X)·(X-​µ)​ 2​
Mean X P(X)
4.33 1 0.1 0.43 -1.67 2.79 0.28
5.00 1 0.1 0.50 -1.00 1.00 0.10
5.33 2 0.2 1.07 -0.67 0.45 0.09
5.67 1 0.1 0.57 -0.33 0.11 0.01
 6.33 2 0.2 1.27 0.33 0.11 0.02
6.67 1 0.1 0.67 0.67 0.45 0.04
7.33 1 0.1 0.73 1.33 1.77 0.18
7.67 1 0.1 0.77 1.67 2.79 0.28

10 1.0 µ​x​ = 6.00 σ​x​ = 1.00

4. Mean of the sampling distribution of means = 6.00
5. Variance of the sampling distribution of means = 1.00

LESSON 5: Central Limit Theorem

Answer Key(s):

1. C 1. C
2. D 2. D
3. D 3. D
4. A 4. A
5. D 5. D
LESSON 6: Solving Problems Involving Sampling Distributions of the Sample Mean
Answer Key(s):

1. B 1. B
2. D 2. D
3. A 3. A
4. C 4. C
5. B 5. B

HARVEST MORE
(a) Given: μ = 2
σ = 0.4
X = 1.5
P(X ˂ 1.5)
z = X−μ
σ
 = 1.5−2
0.4
= ​- 1.25

Find P(X ˂ 1.5) by getting the area under the normal curve.
P(X ˂ 1.5) = P(z ˂ -1.25)
= 0.5000 – 0.3944
= ​0.1056 or 10.56%

Therefore, the probability that a randomly selected mango will weigh less than 1.5 kilos is
0.1056 or 10.56%.
(b) Given: μ = 2
σ = 0.4
X = 1.5
n= 4
P(X ˂ 1.5)

X− μ
z = σ
√n
1.5−2
= 0.4
√4

= ​-2.5

Find P(X ˂ 1.5) by getting the area under the normal curve.
P(X ˂ 1.5) = P(z ˂ -2.5)
= 0.5000 – 0.4938
= ​0.0062 or .62%
The probability that the importer will not place an order is 0.0062 0r .62%

(a)
Step 1. Identify the given information:
μ = 660
σ = 35
X = 670
Step 2. Identify what is asked for:
P(X ˃ 670)
Step 3. Identify the formula to be used:
The problem is dealing with ​an individual data​ obtained from the population
so the formula to be used is z = X−σ μ to standardize 670.
Step 4. Solve the problem:
z = X−σ μ
670 − 660
= 35

= 0.29
 Find P(X ˃ 670) by getting the area under the normal curve.
P(X ˃ 670) = P(z ˃ 0.29)
= 0.5000 – 0.1141
= 0.3859
Therefore, the probability that the cholesterol content will be more than 670
mg is 0.3859 or 38.59%

(b)
Step 1. Identify the given information:
μ = 660
σ = 35
X = 670
n = 10
Step 2. Identify what is asked for:
P( X ˃ 670)
Step 3. Identify the formula to be used:
The problem is dealing with​ data about the sample means​.
So the formula to be used is z = X−σ μ to standardize 670.
√n

Step 4. Solve the problem:

z = X−σ μ
√n
670−660
= 35
√10

= ​0.90

Find P( X ˃ 670) by getting the area under the normal curve.

 P( X ˃ 670) = P(z ˃ 0.90)
= 0.5000 – 0.3159
​= 0.1841
Therefore, the probability that the mean cholesterol content of 10 randomly selected
cups of ice cream will be more than 670 mg is 0.1841 or 18.41%.