Name: Mikaella Sofia Nicholle M.

Lucido

Date Performed: March 22, 2022

Course, Year and Section: OD2B

Score: ___________________

Exercise 2

COMPOUND MICROSCOPE

Activity Sheet

ILLUSTRATIONS:

Letter “m” on the slide

Letter “m” under LPO

Letter “m” under HPO

___________________________________________________________________

QUESTIONS:

1. Classify the different parts of the microscope into 3 categories. Briefly give their
functions:

A. Mechanical Parts:

● Foot or base - It's a horseshoe shape framework that supports the

compound microscope's full weight.
● Pillar - It's a vertically oriented projection. The stage is supported by this
stand, which rests on the base.
● Arm - a bar holding the entire upper assembly of the microscope in an
upright position
● Stage - where the microscope slides rests, a platform below the objective
● Inclination joint - It's a joint that connects the arm to the pillar of a
compound microscope. The inclination joint allows you to tilt the
microscope.
● Stage Clips - The stage's upper section is held together by two clips. With
the help of the clips, the slide can be held in place.
● Diaphragm - Below the stage, the diaphragm is secured. It regulates and
modifies the amount of light that enters the microscope.
● Nose piece - The nose piece is a revolving metal element that is linked to
the lower end of the body tube. The objective lenses are placed in three
holes in the nose piece.
● Body tube - holds the ocular in place
● Fine adjustment knob - It is the smaller knob that is used to focus the
object sharply and finely. This knob can be utilized for precise and sharp
focusing.
● Coarse adjustment knob - It is a huge knob that is used to move the body
tube down and up in order to bring the thing into precise focus.
● Iris diaphragm lever - lever in front of the condenser and which is moved
horizontally to open the diaphragm
● Revolving nosepiece - rotating disc where the objectives are located
● Dust shield - lies atop the nosepiece and keeps dust from reaching the
objectives
● Condenser adjustment knob - elevates and lower the condenser to
regulate the intensity of light

B. Magnifying Parts:

● Ocular / eyepiece - set of lenses closest to the eyes. Many binocular

microscopes have an ocular adjustment feature on one of the
oculars.
● Objectives - metal cylinders attached below the nosepiece and
contains especially ground and polished lens.
- Low Power Objective - give the lowest magnification
- High Power Objective - gives magnification of 40x
- OIl immersion objective - gives the highest magnification
usually 97x or 100x, used with a medium with cedar wood or
synthetic oil

C. Illuminating Parts:

● Mirror - located beneath the stage and has concave plane surfaces to
gather light in order to illuminate the object
 ● Electric lamp - built in illuminator beneath the stage that may be used if
sunlight is not available
● Substage
- Condenser - regulates the amount of light necessary to obtain a
clearer view of the object
- Iris diaphragm - set of lenses between the mirror and the stage that
concentrates light rays on specimen

2. Define the following:

A. magnification - A microscope's ability to produce a picture of an object at a

scale greater (or even smaller) than its actual size is known as magnification.
Magnification is beneficial only when it is feasible to perceive more details of
an object in a picture than when looking at it with the naked eye.

B. resolution - The lowest distance between two points on a specimen that

may still be identified as two different things is defined as the resolution of an
optical microscope.

C. contrast - The difference in light intensity between the picture and the
nearby background in relation to the overall background intensity is known as
contrast.

3. To what direction did you see the letter move, when you moved the slide
forward? Backward?

When I moved the slide forward, the letter goes backward.

4. To what direction did you see the letter move, when you moved the slide to the
left? To the right?
When I moved the slide left, the letter goes right.

5. What is the oil used of the oil immersion objective? Give the reason for using
the specific oil.

For many years, before the mass production of synthetic replacements, Cedar
Wood oil was the immersion oil of choice. More light is focused through the
objective and a clearer image is observed when this substance, such as
immersion oil with a refractive index equivalent to that of the glass slide, is
placed in the gap filled with air.

6. Give five (5) ways of taking care of the microscope.

1. Always carry the scope with two hands; one under the base and the other
grasping the arm. Carry it in an upright position.
2. Carefully unwind the lamp cord, Avoid damaging parts around which it is
coiled. Plug the cord in the safe manner.
3. Make sure that the stage and objective are at the farthest distance apart
and that the lowest power objective is in position.
4. To avoid damaging the scope and the slide, never move the objective and
stage toward each other while looking through the ocular.
5. Conduct an annual maintenance inspection.