EMERGENCY DRUGS

Subject : Child Health Nursing

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mrs. Shivani Thakur MS. Priya Kumari
Associate Professor, M.Sc (N) 1st Year
Child Health Nursing RollNo:08
NSCN, Palampur Child Health Nursing

Submitted On:
 GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS-Laxatives

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION

PRECAUTION/ NURSING CONSIDERATION
ADVERSE REACTION

LACTULOSE....... Constipation, Inhibits Patient who require a low PRECAUTION:  Assess condition
salmonellosis. bacterial DNA lactose diet. Lactose intolerance, before therapy and
BRAND NAME Treatment of gyrase thus Galactosemia deficiency. diabetes reassess regularly
Duphalac hepatic preventing Intestinal obstruction. thereafter to monitor
encephalopathy replication in Adverse Reaction n: drug’s effectiveness
DOSAGE........ susceptible Abdominal
Infants: 5 ml bacteria discomfort  Monitor patient for
Children: associated with any adverse GI
1-6 y/o- 5-10ml flatulence and reactions,
7-14y/o- 15ml intestinal cramps. nausea,vomiting,diarrh
15-45y/o- 15-30ml. Nausea, vomiting, ea,
diarrhea on  Assess for adverse
Dose given in 3 days prolonged use. reactions
 Assess patient for
hepatic encelopathy:
regularly assess mental
condition also.
 Monitor intake and
output chart of the
parient.
 Monitor for increase
glucose level in
diabetic patients.
 ANTI-ALLERGICS_Anti-histamine

PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION

Treatment of Long-acting Patients with severe renal PRECAUTION.......  Obtain patients

Levocetirizine symptoms non-sedating impairment, patients with Adjustment of dose information for any
associated with antihistamine rare problems of is recommended in unkown allergies.
allergic that galactose intolerance. elderly pts w/  Monitor pulse, BP,
BRAND NAME.... conditions selectively compromised renal respiration
Xyzal (including inhibits function. Lactation.  Observe dizziness
ocular peripheral HI and excessive
symptoms). receptors. Adverse sedation.
DOSAGE..... Reaction.......
Adult and adolescents Dry mouth,
more than 12 yrs- 1 headache, fatigue,
tab/day rhinitis, abdominal
Pediatric : 6-12 years- pain, migraine.
1 tab/ day
 ANTI-INFECTIVES-Penicillin
PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Amoxicillin Infections of the Prevents Hypersensitivity to PRECAUTION:  Obtain
respiratory tract, skin & bacterial cell penicillins, Hypersensitivity: patients
BRAND NAME...... skin structures,paranasal wall synthesis Cephalosporins. reaction range from history of
Amoxil sinuses, genitourinary during Not used to treat mild to life allergy
tract, otitis media, replication. pneumonia, bacteremia threatening.  Assess
DOSAGE....... sinusitis, pericarditis during acute patients for
Adult: 250-500mg meningitis,septicemia. stage. any infection
every 8 hours ADVERSE Reaction:  Assess for
Children: Dizziness, fatigue, patients
20-40mg/kg/day insomnia, skin rashes, sensitivity to
divided dosage given itchy eyes, sore or dry penicillin ot
every 8 hours mouth, abnormal taste other
sensation, diarrhea, Cepalosporin
rectal bleeding s
 Assess for
allergic
reaction
during
therapy
 Assess for
bowel
pattern, if
diarrhea-
should be
discontinue.
 CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS-Calcium Antagonist
PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Felodipine Treatment of Inhibits calcium ion Sick sinus syndrome, ADVERSE  Assess fluid
hypertension influx across cell second or third-degree Av Reaction: volume status,
BRAND NAME....... membrane, resulting block except with Peripheral edema, adequacy of
Plendil in inhibition of functioning pacemaker, hypotension, pulses, pitting
excitation/ contraction. hypotension with systolic syncope, MI, angina, edema,
DOSAGE......... BP < 90mmHg. tachycardia, dehydration,
Adult: headache, dizziness, hypotension, dry
250-500mg every 8 lightheadedness, mouth.
hours nausea, vomiting,  Monitor cardiac
sinusitis, wheezing status: BP, pulse,
Children: cough, sneezing. respiration.
20-40mg/kg/day  Assess for
divided dosage given angina pain:
every 8 hrs duration,
intensity,
aggravating
factors.
 CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS-Angiotensin II Antagonist
TELMISARTAN Treatment of Blocks the Hypersensitivity, PRECAUTION:  Assess
hypertension vasoconstrictive ans pregnancy, lactation. Can cause death to patients
BRAND NAME...... aldosterone-one- Severe hepatic or renal the fetus if used on condition
Pritor secreting effects of impairment the 2nd trimester, before
angiotensin II by safety in children not therapy.
DOSAGE selectively blocking yet established
Adult: 20-80mg daily, the binding of  Assess for
usual starting dose angiotensin II to the heart failure .
40mg daily ATI receptor in
many tissues.
 Assess for
obstructive
jaundice.
ADVERSE Reaction  Monitor for
Diarrhea and possible drug
angioedema. induced
Sinusitis, pharyngitis, adverse
upper respiration reaction.
tract infection, back
pain.
 Close
monitoring of
BP and pulse.
TELMISARTAN Treatment of Blocks the Hypersensitivity, PRECAUTION:  Assess
hypertension vasoconstrictive ans pregnancy, lactation. Can cause death to patients
BRAND NAME...... aldosterone-one- Severe hepatic or renal the fetus if used on condition
Pritor secreting effects of impairment the 2nd trimester, before
angiotensin II by safety in children not therapy.
DOSAGE selectively blocking yet established  Assess for
Adult: 20-80mg daily, the binding of heart failure .
usual starting dose angiotensin II to the ADVERSE Reaction  Assess for
40mg daily ATI receptor in Diarrhea and obstructive
many tissues. angioedema. jaundice.
Sinusitis, pharyngitis,  Monitor for
upper respiration possible drug
tract infection, back induced
pain. adverse
reaction.
 Close
monitoring of
BP and pulse.
 ANTI-DIARRHEALS
PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Loperamide HCl Symptomatic Acts on the nerve Those in whom PRECAUTION:  Assess
control of acute endings &r constipation must be Hepatic dysfunction, patient’s
BRAND and chronic intramural ganglia of avoided, children less chronic diarrhea, bowel
NAME...... diarrhea the intestinal wall to than 1 year, dehydration. pattern.
IMODIUM decrease intestinal hypersensitivity,  Check
motility, resulting to abdominal distention. ADVERSE RXN response after
DOSAGE prolonged retention Hypersensitivity 48 hours
Adult: initially 2 of feces in the reactions, flatulence,  Assess for
cap; subsequent intestines . abdominal pain, hydration
dose a cap after distention or  Assess for
every stool. discomfort, nausea abdominal
and vomiting. distention
 Inform
patient that
dry mouth
may be
relieved by
frequent sips
of water, hard
candy or
sugarless
gum.
 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS-Anti-anxiety
( Anticonvulsant/Hypnotics/Sedatives/Anxiolytics)
PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION

DIAZEPAM Symptomatic Facilitates/ Hypersensitivity.Dependence, PRECAUTION.....  Inform pt. that drug

relief of anxiety, potentiates the withdrawal symptoms Hypersensitivity: may be taken with
BRAND NAME...... agitation, tension inhibitory cardiorespiratory food.
Valium activity of insufficiency,
GABA at the pregnancy, lactation  Advice pt. not to
DOSAGE........ limbic system abruptly .discontinu
Adult: 250-500mg and reticular e drug after long
every 8 hours formation to term use.
Children: reduce anxiety,
20-40mg/kg/day promote
divided dosage calmness and ADVERSE  Advice pt. to avoid
given every 8 hrs sleep Reaction..... driving and
Dizziness, fatigue, activities that
blurred vision, require alertness.
dependence, because, drug can
withdrawal cause drowsiness.
reactions
 Inform pt. that
smoking may
decrease effect.