P R E PA R E D B Y : E N G R .

C H A R L E N E E B O R A

TOPICS:

➢Introduction
➢Concepts in Structural Steel Design
➢Tension Members (Tensile Strength)
Considerations in Structural Design
• Serviceability
• Economy

Structural Steel
If a test specimen is subjected to an axial load P, as shown in the figure below, the stress and
strain can be computed as follows:

Introduction
Tensile Test: Stress-Strain Curve

Steel exhibiting the behavior shown in the figure above is called ductile because of its ability to undergo
large deformations before fracturing.

Introduction
Commonly used Hot-rolled Shapes:

Commonly used Cross-Sectional Shapes:

Built-up Sections:

Introduction
Design Philosophies:
The fundamental requirement of structural design is that the required strength not exceed
the available strength,

➢ Allowable Strength Design

➢ Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)

Concepts on Structural Steel Design

Load Factors, Resistance Factors, and Load Combinations For LRFD:

Concepts on Structural Steel Design

Safety Factors and Load Combinations for ASD

Concepts on Structural Steel Design

EXAMPLE PROBLEM:

Concepts on Structural Steel Design

Tension Members

- are structural elements that are subjected to axial tensile forces.

Tension Members (Tensile Strength)

Tensile Strength
A tension member can fail by reaching one of two limit states: excessive deformation or fracture. To
prevent excessive deformation, initiated by yielding, the load on the gross section must be small
enough that the stress on the gross section is less than the yield stress Fy. To prevent fracture, the
stress on the net section must be less than the tensile strength Fu. In each case, the stress P/A must
be less than a limiting stress F or (P/ A) < F

Tension Members (Tensile Strength)

Tension Members (Tensile Strength)
Tension Members (Tensile Strength)
EXAMPLE PROBLEM #1:

Tension Members (Tensile Strength)

EXAMPLE PROBLEM #2:

Tension Members (Tensile Strength)