C&B Date: 15 /22/ Page: 47

CIRCLES

CIRULE : linte is a clution of prints which

are quidistant from a pied point. This find
peint is known as untre of wrill and fixud
distance is called nadius.
> LINE

=> SECANT

>
TANGENT

Juost: A straight line which intusuls the unde at

two distinct points" is known as suant Here ea is
suant which intersuts the circle at two points MLN.__

Tangent : A straight une which touches the

wil at only one point is known as tangent. Hire
poi ý tangint which touchy the risale at one
pant B
 Number of cangines to a circle
in
a
point

CASET: 4 a point un inside the cute, no

langent can be drawn.
Page: 48
- C&B Date: - Page:_49

CASE 2: of a point wes on one langent can be drawn

the
circle
eroof a sus outside the cine, so ea> op
You musy point m langur. Ad other than 1,02 His showsi distanu a point 0.
Izhu impliu thor Old perpendiulant A4
op LAB
CASE 3: 4 peint li outside the line
tangents can be drawn
Theorem : the lingth of tangents drawn from a point erurnal of the
unite are equas CPA 4282

Thesim : The tangust at any point of use is dietos to

the sasius thorugh the point of contact

troof AS AP is congent,
...DA LAP

OB 1 BP In A DAP and ABP,

OA : OB (sadius) LOAP = LOBP voch 902
OP = OP (common DOAR E A OBP CRASI
Кли , PA : РВ 1 се
given: A line with untre o and unts and AB is tangent
op is sadius of the

za prove: OPLAB

constrution : zake any point aon tangint AB

than e
Page:_5
Date: Page:

EXERCISE -10.7

How many targets can a crate have A ürile can have

infinite tangents
ser Pad : 121
Pat: 144 25 Tea = √19 cm/ di
Til
in the planks :

A cargent to a circle
neces it in one pointas a cink in two points as called a
intersects
it in
one
Aue 4. enawa uscle and two_parant lines to & ginen line
such that one is a rangent and the other, a secant to the circle
solu
in
ant A
inch man have two pasatu tangints at the me the
ummon point of a tangent to a ince & the skele is called Point
q contact
M

A tangent ea at a point P of a circle of sadius sun muts a line

through the unisce at a poine as
that oa = 12 cm hingeh eais : 2
6 13 m 2 2.5 un ar sug on
a

- The line drawn pom the untre of the circle to thi ttingent is
perpendiulas to the tangent
Opa pa By applying Lythagoras thesum in copa.
ut can be observed that AB and ea are two parallel lines. Line AB
intersuts the usell at only one point M. Thiryon, line AB
is langent.
nini ea intusuts the sirelt at two distinut point
hv. zherefore, line pa is sucant

12 uma
5 um
Page:
3

EXERCISE 10.2

the tangent sa
from a point a, the lungth of the lance cine is 24 cm and the
distance of a from the is 25 in the radius of the cince is zum 6, 12
in o is in d. 24.5 un
er

yimni IP & Ia asl tangents

p_246
nivo
- sasius is perpendicular to the langeres Zhu.
- op i te and oa I TO
.: 2021 : 90° and loa: 90° 2n quad. OPTA 2027 + 2001. + POQ. era : 360
Langue sum prop
90' + 90° 110 + 4PLQ = 360°
2900 + P10 : 360°
PIQ : 360- 2900
PIQ : 70/ be
hit on the untre of ince and be in the radius a= 25 un, pa = 24 cm ela pa
nadius is perpendimlar to the canau
→ sinu

By pythagoras thm in sopa,

op+ PAL:09 24 2 + opt = 252 576 + opt = 625
OP2 = 625 - 576 Op = √49 = 7 um sasius the inte = 1
Au . 1 4 tangents PA & PB from a point pt a used with
unte lase inclined to each other an angle 90,
then apo is equal to o so 6) 60 o 70 d 80°
mua
n thi ginen figure IP and 10 ast the two tangu 1. is to a circle with uatre o
so that coa = 110,
then celo in equal to 60 70 80 90
a
Page: 54
- COB
Date: -
Page:_55

→ LAP: 2085 Latinath musios es - . Pa URS hence proved

aus
It is giun that PA and PB Pre langue
en AQAPI GOBL, DA : 0B Load) OP = OP common * : : 28 P ( A Too) .:
SOAP DOBP CRHS) » LOPA: COPB : 4x80° - 40 in OAR, LOPA +
LOAP + POA = 180o Cange Auen
40' + 9 + cPOA = 180°
«POA : 180' - 130 |_POA = 50° Leas
esome that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the tangent to a
cince passes through untre.

o cangu sum propl

Que 4
nove that the tangents drawn at the indsa
ga diameter 4.& iisis ese parallel
y
a . A indle with unui o and Op is radius, AB i lang
ent of the circle
TR

te prove
the line pupendiulas W the untre o
AB at l passus enough

Prostornier + let us assume that the puspuriul

- ar to AB at P does not pass through cuntre o hot it pass through another
point o' join of love
construction 10'PB : 90 cut passes through el LOPB = 90° radius is
pupendiular to tangint
- 2020 = 2008 This is possible only when odo coincide with cach other.
yim
:
une with write and AB is diametu y te cinte, pa & RS are two langents
of a circle.

to prove:
PAIRS

pront: we thow,
-_sadius is puspindulas m . : < 2ÁP : 10 , 1 83 : 10
Thesyou, pespundi ular at the point i contacto the tangent to a ciselt
passes through ustalen
tangani
Page: 56
Date:
Page:_57

ou
&
the lungth of a tangent son from the centre of the sadius of the circle
from a circle
poine a is 4 cm
yiun - Two conuntui uls y unire land A&is the thora of large and
which louchy imaller inte

5 un

ADPA,
LOPA 90 ladics & Chord dy pythagoras thurm
OA, PAPI
S = 3 + AP AP' = 25-9 AP = √ To = 4 cm
centre
o
het as consider a circle with OA : 5 cm AB = 4 con
untre of the

ДАВО, OB LAB 206A = 90

linu. OP 1 AB
. AP = PB (perpendicular from the
- ince bisuts the chords
• A8 = RAL = 2x4-fum & ungth of the chord som
radius perpendicular to
the tannen

kup.
A quadrilateral ABCD is draust ismerilla cink prove that AB+ co= AD + BC
By pythagoras thuis,
_A8 082 = QA"
40+ 085
08': 25-16 06 = 9 08:3um - sadius of the wirelt - 3.im
1 20/12/21
ou 7.
Two concentric circles are of radic sum & 3 cm find the length of the chord
of the larger cince which touches the smaller ince.

The hungth of tangents drawn from point external of the

circle are equal.
a
ant
Ula OR : As AP = AS PB = a8
=
0
AP: AC I cangunes from point Al
SOAP & DOAC rsss
• AP: 210C, 11:42 (PCT) similarly
1900: 4B09, 23:24 -
-
9

U
Adding calor
PR + APPA: CQ + DS + AS + QR 60+ 48 2 AP + BC] Hiru Prowes
pe is a straight line
4+2+43 + 2y = 180 242 + 249 : 180 xeta + c3 = 480 90°
62 +63 +90° or ADB:907 proud..
ens 9
is to a circle with
unts O and
IY and x'y' and live parallel tangents to a in
anothes tongunst AB with uptat cintursuting xx at A and
x'y' at le
murleg point
Bulo:
sous that the angle bitwin the two tanguts drawn porn
an cristal point to a csille is supplementasy to the angle
subtended by the time-segment joining the points y
contar at until

given a circle with untre o and e is an extan Il point. PA and PB are

tangents of the circle
To prove - LAOB + LAPB = 180°
sus : A links with unit e XX and XY'ass twe parallel langust.
Ansthist tongini A8 with point of contact construction : join o1
Le sove : A0092 Proof an OAP & GOAL
op oc tradius OA :0A_lummond
Proof - OAB is a quasilatual
LOAP - 90 nadius is purpindintas to the 20BP = 90* L tangent at
point of contact
Lengte: 59
Date: -
Page:
60

408 ZOSP + £ 5.PA+ PAQ = 360 *AD6 + - <SPA+ 90=360

* A26 - BLA: 360-180"
- ADB4BPA 1807 Menu Prowa
compasing cqm 0.0 and , weget,
AB: BL : CD = 24
Menu ABCD is a shombus.

Bukit
Bros sat the piselleleg sam isenssiline
inscribing a une
RLA triangle A8C Manaun u mirumurile a urus
y nadius 4 um such that the segments_BD and DL into which bc is
divided by point of contact o are of ungtis eum and om seputiuly.
Find the sides A8 and AL.

que
ABD is a paralligram

→ ELE AD
- ABCD
19
e sombras, AB = BE = 20 = 0A
8D = lum and CD = 6 cm BE: OD = Im Langints from point B) 10 :( : 6cm
tangents from point a het AF = AF = x cm ZA O ABC,
.‫مر‬
‫و همه ما بها‬

(: a + b + c
(x+P ) com = 14 + x + 6+ x+8
=
= 2x+8 = ati

DE: DS-41 AP= A5-4 Jongunt drawn from the external PB: BO-s
prist the visite are equal
Re: ac holding egr . , and , DR+ AP + PB + RL - DS AS+ BQ + OC
DE+LR) + LAP+ PB) = (DS+AS) + (80 + ac)
CD + AB = A + BC AB + AB = BC + BC Lwing 0 0
AB = B6
AB - BL — O
ar (ABC) E
C-MS-berec

= 1 48xx (x+14) cont o as (OABC) : an (0030) Pan (AOA) + ar LDAB

1 x 4 x at 1 x 4 xbt - x 4xc

1
= 29+ 2b + 20
= 21a + b + c = 2 x 2 ent 14 um equating eqn 0 2 ,
✓ 43x U 14 : 4 (2+14)
482 Lx+14) = 4(x+14372 581 LATV) - VOL+14)
3x = x + 14 * 2n = 14 2 2 = 7 sow,
AB= n + 8 = 7+ 8 = 15cm
AC = a + b = 7+ 6 = 13 cm Thunfore, sidus of AB and
AC are 15 cm гшр иійніч.
& 13 um