SET- A Worksheet-1

General Science (086) Term – II

Marking Scheme
Class – X
General Instructions -

i) All questions are compulsory.

ii) The question paper has three sections and 15 questions. All questions are
compulsory.

iii) Section–A has 7 questions of 2 marks each; Section–B has 6 questions of

3 marks each; and Section–C has 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each.

iv) Internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to
attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.
SECTION – A (2 marks each)
1. (a) Give single word for the following:

i. A group of atoms which determine the chemical properties of an

organic compound.

ii. Compounds having same molecular formula but differ in structures.

(b) Give some examples of your answer in part (i).

(c) How can you represent butene using the property mentioned in part
(ii).

Ans- (i) functional group (ii) Isomers

(b) carboxylic group, alkyl group, alcohol group, ketone, ester

(c) Butene can be represented by drawing three isomers.

2. The following periodic table gives us an insight of the trends of
periodic properties and periodicity. Observe the table and carefully
answer the following.

Group 1 2 13 14 15 16
No.
(acr.)
Period
(down)
1 A B
2 G
3 C E F D

a. Identify the element from the table with atomic number (I) 14 (II) 12.

b. Calculate the molecular mass of the compound formed when A reacts

with G.

Ans-

a. (I) F (II) C

b. Formula formed with A and G (A= Hydrogen, G= Oxygen)

H2O , Molecular mass = 1x2 + 16 = 18 u.

3. Answer the following:

a. Name a method of asexual reproduction where parental identity is
not lost. Give examples of animals reproducing through this process.

b. An organism A reproduces by a method B where the organism

divides and each develop into a new A organism. This organism has
filamentous spiral chloroplasts. Identify A and B.

Ans-

a. Budding, Hydra/Yeast

b. A- Spirogyra, B- Fragmentation.

4. Study the diagram and answer the questions:

a. Identify the parts labelled A, B, H and E in the male reproductive

system.

b. Write the functions of parts A and H.

Ans-

a. A- Testis, B- Scrotum, H- Penis, E- Prostate gland

b. Function of A- produces sperms/ produces testosterone, B- passes

urine/sperm from the body, receives the vagina during copulation by
sperm transfer of sexual contact.
5. Mendel studied the laws of inheritance through a plant. He
organized experiments to study their properties and pattern.

a. What was the scientific and common name of the plant used for
studying?

b. Why was that plant selected by Mendel specifically?

Ans-

a. Scientific name- Pisum Sativum, Common name- Garden Pea.

b. Garden pea was selected by Mendel because -

• It is a bisexual flower.
• It has a large number of contrasting characters.
• It has a very less period of life cycle.
• It grows easily and is easy to propagate.

6.

(a) What kind of the energy change takes place when a magnet is moved
towards a coil having a galvanometer at its ends?
(b) Name the phenomenon and define it.

Ans -

(a) Mechanical energy of magnet to electrical energy of coil.

(b) Electro-magnetic induction. It is a phenomenon of producing an

induced current in a coil by repetitive change in magnetic flux
associated with another coil situated near it.

7. In the following food chain, calculate the amount of energy available

to the secondary consumer if 10000 J energy is exposed to plants.

Plants → Rabbit → Eagle

Also, find the organism having maximum concentrates of ppm % when
a DDT of 1000 ppm % is sprayed on the plants.

(a) 10000 J energy is available to plants, they take only 1% energy I.e.,
100 J. Rabbit will use 10 % of it I.e., 10 J and eagle uses 10 % of it I.e.,
1 J.

(b) Eagle will have maximum concentrates of ppm% of DDT as it is the

topmost trophic level of the food chain. Phenomenon associated is
biological magnification.

SECTION-B

8. In the following periodic table, answer the following:

A B G I
H E M K
F D C J
L N O

a. Out of B and F, which of the two is more metallic and why?

b. Compare I, K and L on the basis of atomic radii. Why?

c. Which element has largest electronegativity in the fourth row? How

did you arrive at such an answer?

Ans-

a. F is more metallic than B as metallic property increases down a group

due to electro positivity gradation.

b. I<K<L, as down a group, increase in shells causes increase in atomic

radii.

c. O has largest electronegativity. It increases across a period due to

reduction in tendency to lose electrons.
9.

a. A compound X having molecular formula C3H8O is oxidized to form

a compound Z which turns blue litmus red. Identify X and Z. Also
draw the molecular structure of X.

b. How are propanal and acetone similar to each other? How are they
different?

Ans-

a. X- Propanol, Z- Propanoic acid. Molecular structure of X-

b. Propanal and acetone(propanone) are isomers of each other so

similarity- they have same molecular formula. Different – structural
formula, functional group

10. A parent having homozygous tall (TT) is crossed with another parent
having homozygous dwarf (tt) alleles. These plants obtained were
selfed to obtain 600 plants.

(i) Find the number of plants which were tall in the second generation.

(ii) Which plants were obtained in the 1st generation and why?

(iii) Calculate the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of 2nd generation

plants.

Ans -

(i) 450 plants were tall in 2nd generation as, phenotype was 3:1
(Tall: dwarf)
(ii) Tall plants were obtained in 1st generation due to law of dominance,
which expresses itself in heterozygous condition.

(iii) Genotypic ratio - 1:2:1 , Phenotypic ratio – 3:1

11. A circuit consists of a 1 Ω resistor in series with a parallel

arrangement of 6 Ω and 3 Ω resistors. Calculate the total resistance of
the circuit. Draw a diagram.

6 Ω and 3 Ω resistors are in parallel, so their equivalent resistance is given

by

1R=16+13 ⇒ R=2 Ω

This 2 Ω resistance is connected with 1 Ω resistance in series.

So, equivalent resistance of the network = 2 Ω +1 Ω = 3 Ω

12. A geyser is rated 1500 W, 250 V. This geyser is connected to 250 V

mains. Calculate:

(i) The current drawn,

(ii) The energy consumed in 50 hours, and

(iii) The cost of energy consumed at Rs 4.20 per kWh.

Ans-

(i) We know, P= VI, I=𝑃𝑉

Now, I= 1500
250
  =  6 𝐴

I= 6 A

(ii) Energy consumed in 50 hours, E= Pt = 1500 W x 50 hours = 75000 Wh

E = 75 KWh.

(iii) Energy cost = Energy x Rate = 75 KWh x 4.2 = Rs. 315.

13. Environment is vital for the life of all living organisms.

a. Explain the role of decomposers in the biosphere. Any 2 points.

b. What is the role of producer and consumer in an ecosystem?

c. “Aquariums need regular manual cleaning, whereas ponds and lakes

are free of organic waste.” Justify.

Ans-

a. Decomposers play a crucial role in the biosphere -

(i) They act as natural scavengers as they cleanse the earth of organic
remains.

(ii) They recycle the nutrients and send them back to the soil for plant
growth.

(iii) They create space for new organisms to grow.

b. Producers convert the trapped solar energy to chemical energy and

utilize them for photosynthesis. They initiate the food chain.

Consumers play a role in pollination and seed dispersal.

c. Aquariums are man-made/artificial ecosystems. They lack

decomposers which break down organic waste into inorganic
substances. But lakes and ponds are natural, so require no manual
cleaning.
SECTION-C

14. By monohybrid cross only, Mendel could first study the inheritance
of one gene in the plant. He considered only one character (plant
height) on pairs of pea plants with one contrasting trait. Later also,
through the same process of dihybrid cross, Mendel studies the
inheritance of two genes in plants.

a. What is dihybrid cross? Name contrasting traits of shape of pod.

b. Explain the laws of Mendel associated with dihybrid cross.

c. Construct a cross between round yellow seeds (RrYy) and wrinkled

green seeds (rryy) and find out the phenotypic ratio in the 1 st
generation.

OR

c. Construct a cross between tall axial plant (TTAA) and dwarf terminal
(ttaa) and find out the phenotype in the 1st generation.

Ans-

a. Dihybrid cross is a cross between two pairs of contrasting characters

in a body. Eg- shape of pod- traits are inflated and constricted.

b. Law of Independent Assortment- It states that the allele pairs

separate from each other during gamete formation and are thus
independent of each other.

c. P1 RrYy rryy

Alleles - R,r,Y,y r,y

Gametes RY,Ry,rY, ry ry,ry,ry,ry

1st Generation -

RY Ry rY ry
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
 ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy

Phenotypic ratio – 1:1:1:1

OR

c. P1 TTAA ttaa

Alleles - T,A t,a

Gametes TA ta

1st Generation - TtAa

Phenotype – Tall axial plant due to law of dominance.

15. Ampere gave the force on a current carrying conductor placed in a

magnetic field concept.

(a) Mention the factors on which the direction of force experienced by a

current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field depend.

(b) Under what condition is the force experienced by a current-carrying

conductor placed in a magnetic field maximum?

(c) A proton beam is moving along the direction of a magnetic field.

What force is acting on proton beam? Which law is used?

OR
(c) An electron beam is moving along the direction of a magnetic
field. What force is acting on electron beam? Which law is used?

Ans -

(a) Direction of force experienced depends on -

I. Length of conductor (l)

II. Magneti field strength (B)

III. Magnitude of current (I)

(b) Force experienced is maximum when the conductor is placed

normal/perpendicular to the magnetic field lines associated with it.

(c) No force acts on the beam as conductor is placed

parallel to the magnetic field lines associated with it. As F=0

OR

(c) No force acts on the electron beam as conductor is placed

parallel to the magnetic field lines associated with it. As F=0