FUTURE TENSES

Present continuous for the future

I am doing and I am going to do

I am going to do something= I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it:

 'Are you going to eat anything?'  'No, I'm not hungry.'

 A: I hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it?
B: She's going to buy a new car.
 I'm just going to make a quick phone call. Can you wait for me?
 This cheese smells horrible. I'm not going to eat it.

We use I am doing (present continuous) when we say what we have arranged to do - for
example, arranged to meet somebody, arranged to go somewhere:

 What time are you meeting Ann this evening?

 I'm leaving tomorrow. I've got my plane ticket.

I am going to do something = I've decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it):

 'Your shoes are dirty.'  'Yes, I know. I'm going to clean them.' (= I've decided to clean
them, but I haven't arranged to clean them)
 I've decided not to stay here any longer. Tomorrow I'm going to look for somewhere
else to stay.

Often the difference is very small and either form is possible.

Present Simple

The sun rises at 5:16 a.m. tomorrow.

The sun will rise at 5:16 a.m tomorrow)

WILL
I will and I'm going to
Future actions

Study the difference between will and (be) going to:

Sarah is talking to Helen:
SARAH: Let's have a party
HELEN: That's a great idea. We'll invite lots of people.

will ('ll): We use will to announce a new decision. The party is a new idea.

Later that day, Helen meets Dan:

HELEN: Sarah and I have decided to have a party. We're going to invite lots of people.

(be) going to: We use (be) going to when we have already decided to do something. Helen
had already decided to invite lots of people before she spoke to Dan.
Compare:

 'Gary phoned while you were out.'  'OK. I'll call him back.'
'Gary phoned while you were out.'  'Yes, I know. I'm going to call him back.'
 'Anna is in hospital.'  'Oh really? I didn't know. I'll go and visit her.'
'Anna is in hospital.'  'Yes, I know. I'm going to visit her this evening.'

You can also say that 'something is going to happen' in the future. For example:

The man isn't looking where he is going.

He is going to walk into the wall.

When we say that 'something is going to happen', the situation now makes this dear. The man
is walking towards the wall now, so we can see that he is going to walk into it.

Some more examples:

 Look at those black clouds! It's going to rain. (the clouds are there now)
 I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (I feel terrible now)
 The economic situation is bad now and things are going to get worse.

Will/is doing
We do not use will to say what somebody has already arranged or decided to do:

 Diane is working next week. (not Diane will work)

 Are you going to watch anything on TV this evening? (not Will you watch)

But often, when we talk about the future, we are not talking about what somebody has
decided to do. For example:

Kate is doing an exam next week. Chris and Joe are talking about it.
CHRIS: Do you think Kate will pass the exam?
JOE: Yes, she'll pass easily.

We often use will ('ll) with:

probably I'll probably be home late tonight.

(I'm) sure Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass.
(I) think Do you think Sarah will like the present we bought her?
(I) don't think I don't think the exam will be very difficult.
I wonder I wonder what will happen.

After I hope, we generally use the present (will is also possible):

 I hope Kate passes the exam. (or I hope Kate will pass ... )
 I hope it doesn't rain tomorrow.

I shall ... / we shall ...

Normally we use shall only with I and we. You can say:
I shall or I will (I'll)
we shall or we will (we'll)

 I shall be late this evening. (or I will be)

We shall probably go to France in June. (or We will probably go)

In spoken English we normally use I'll and we'll:

We'll probably go to France.

The negative of shall is shall not or shan't:

I shan't be here tomorrow. (or I won't be)

Do not use shall with he/she/it/you/they:

She will be very angry. (not She shall be)

Will be doing and will have done

Study this example situation:

These people are standing in a queue to

get into the cinema.

Half an hour from now, the cinema will

be full.
Everyone will be watching the film.
Three hours from now, the cinema will
be empty.
The film will have finished.
Everyone will have gone home.

I will be doing something (future continuous) = I will be in the middle of doing it:

 This time next week I'll be on holiday.  I'll be lying on the beach or swimming in the
sea.
 You have no chance of getting the job.  You'll be wasting your time if you apply for
it.

Compare will be (do)ing and will (do):

 Don't phone between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner.

 Let's wait for Liz to arrive and then we'll have dinner.

Compare will be -ing with other continuous forms:

 At 10 o'clock yesterday, Sally was in her office. She was working. (past)
It's 10 o'clock now. She is in her office. She is working. (present)
At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be in her office. She will be working.

We also use will be -ing to talk about complete actions in the future .

For example:

 The government will be making a statement about the crisis later today.
 Will you be going away this summer?
 Later in the programme, I'll be talking to the Minister of Education ...
 Our best player is injured and won't be playing in the game on Saturday.

be about to/be to +infinitive

be to +infinitive is commonly used in news reports to talk

about events that are likely to happen in the near future:
Police officers are to visit every home in the area.

We use be about to mainly in conversation to say that something will

(not) happen in the very near future.
 We’re about to eat. Do you want to join us?

In these examples will be -ing is similar to (be) going to ....

Exercises:
Which form of the verb is better in these sentences? The verbs are underlined.

1. Diane isn't free on Saturday. She'll work / She's working.

o She'll work

o She's working
2. I'll go / I'm going to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too?

o I'll go

o I'm going
3. I think Amy will get / is getting the job. She has a lot of experience.

o will get

o is getting
 4. I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine will come / is coming to see me.

o will come

o is coming
5. A: Have you decided where to go for your holidays?
B: Yes, we'll go / we're going to Italy.

o we'll go

o we're going
6. Don't be afraid of the dog. It won't hurt / It isn't hurting you.

o It won't hurt

o It isn't hurting

Read about Andy. Then tick (V) the sentences which are true. In each group of
sentences at least one is true.

Andy goes to work every day. He leaves home at 8 o'clock and arrives at work at about 8.45.
He starts work immediately and continues until 12.30 when he has lunch (which takes about
half an hour). He starts work again at 1.15 and goes home at exactly 4.30. Every day he
follows the same routine and tomorrow will be no exception.

1.
At 7.45

o a) he'll be leaving the house

o b) he'll have left the house

o c) he'll be at home

o d) he'll be having breakfast

2.
At 8.15

o a) he'll be leaving the house

o b) he'll have left the house

o c) he'll have arrived at work

o d) he'll be arriving at work

3.
At 9.15

o a) he'll be working

o b) he'll start work

o c) he'll have started work

o d) he'll be arriving at work

4.
At 12.45

o a) he'll have lunch

o b) he'll be having lunch

o c) he'll have finished his lunch

o d) he'll have started his lunch

5.
At 4 o'clock

o a) he'll have finished work

o b) he'll finish work

o c) he'll be working

o d) he won't have finished work

 6.
At 4.45

o a) he'll leave work

o b) he'll be leaving work

o c) he'll have left work

o d) he'll have arrived hom

o
o

Put the verb into the correct form, will be (do)ing or will have (done).

1. Don't phone between 7 and 8. dinner then. (we / have)

2. Phone me after 8 o'clock. dinner by then. (we / finish)

3. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4

o'clock, tennis. (we / play)

4. A: Can we meet tomorrow?

B: Yes, but not in the afternoon. . (I / work)

5. B has to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will last about an hour.

A: Will you be free at 11.30? B: Yes, by then. (the meeting / end)

6. Ben is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this,

all his money before the end of his holiday. (he / spend)

7. Do you think the same job in ten years's time? (you / still / do)
 8. Lisa is from New Zealand. She is travelling aro und Europe at the moment. So far she

has travelled about 11000 miles. By the end of the trip, more than 3,000
miles. (she / travel)

9. If you need to contact me, at the Lion Hotel until Friday. (I / stay)

10. A: Laura tomorrow? (you / see)

B: Yes, probably. Why?
A: I borrowed this DVD from her. Can you give it back to her?

Multi cultural Britain-many languages

Different music

Outfit

Celebrations

Vocabulary : shadow, ponytail, multicultural, bilingual, monolingual

There’s a school in Cardiff, the capital city of Wales, where more than
twenty languages are spoken. That’s a truly multicultural school!

1.Sunny

2.Sunny's father

3.Avinda

4.St. Mary’s School

5.Mercy, Joy and Derek

6.Derek

a. was born in London

b. came from Zambia

c. was involved with a project that helps migrants

d. went to Cardiff because he was offered a job there

e. didn’t have a job when he arrived in the U.K.

f. is from Kenya

2.

Caribbean 1950s and 60s Asian 90s

1948 Eastern European British 1970s

Southall Broadway, in West London, has one of the largest

_______________ populations in
London.
2. Many _______________ people have families that originally come
from different parts of the world.

3. The first large group of immigrants arrived by ship from Jamaica in

____.
4. The Notting Hill Carnival is a celebration of _______________ culture.
5. In the _______________, Indian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani families
made Britain their home.
6. Asian Ugandan refugees arrived in Britain in the _______________.
7. Somalis came to the UK in the _______________.
8. In recent years, _______________ citizens have arrived in Britain in
search of work.

Discussion: How many different languages do students at your school

speak? Do you speak different languages at home and at school?

How many different languages do students at your school speak?

Do you speak different languages at home and at school?
What reasons can you think of for going to live in a new country?
What difficulties do you think a migrant family would face?

Homework:

What did you learn from this video lesson about Multicultural Britain?

Include:
I learnt…

I enjoyed…

What I did enjoy…