Name: Jereca Pearl T.

Marangga 2BSMA-B

Assignment 1
Chapter 1

Instruction/s:
1. Paper Format : A4, margins (1 inch all sides), single spaced, Arial 12.
2. For every source cited, cite reference in your work as (Author, year).
3. Paper Work Format : Introduction, Body ( will incldue your answer to questions below), Literated
Cited ( your various references, follow APA format)
4. Submit in pdf .
5. Submit your work with file name as your surname_Ass1Feb14_yearrcoursesection
Example of APA
Questions:
1. What are the differences and/or similarities if there is between economic growth and economic
development? Cite at least four (4) sources as your reference.

Financial Development is the positive alter within the pointers of economy. Financial Development
alludes to the increase in sum of merchandise and administrations created by an economy. Financial
development implies an increment in genuine national salary / national yield. It alludes to an increment
over time in a country’s genuine yield of products and administrations (GNP) or genuine yield per capita
pay. Financial development is single dimensional in nature because it as it were centers on wage of the
individuals. Prior, financial development was as it were measured in terms of Net Household Item (GDP).
At show, it is measured in terms of GDP, Net National Pay (GNI) and Per Capita Salary. Financial
Development is the forerunner and prerequisite for financial advancement. Pointers of financial
development are GDP, GNI and per capita salary. Financial development relates a progressive increment
in one of the components of GDP; consumption, government investing, speculation or net sends out. It
is additionally considered as a conventional degree of improvement which demonstrates the
quantitative rise of economy. Financial development as it were looks at the quantitative perspective. It
brings quantitative changes within the economy. Financial advancement is the quantitative and
subjective alter in an economy. Financial improvement alludes to the decrease and disposal of
destitution, unemployment and disparity with the setting of developing economy. Financial
development means an enhancement within the quality of life and living measures, e.g. measures of
education, life-expectancy and wellbeing care. Financial improvement incorporates prepare and
approaches by which a nation makes strides the social, financial and political well-being of its people.
Financial advancement is multi-dimensional in nature because it centers on both salary and
enhancement of living measures of the individuals. Financial improvement is concerned with the joy of
open life

2. What is absolute poverty? Are ASEAN countries still experiencing this kind of situation, name the
country and present some data based on your readings.
Based on the USD 3.20 per day poverty line, Asia’s poverty rate dropped from 73.6% in 1965 to less than
10% in 2014. The global target under the Millennium Development Goal on poverty reduction would not
have been met if Asia had been excluded. Almost 250 million further Asians could have been lifted out
of poverty if not for rising inequality in the region, especially in East Asia. For Asia as a whole, the Gini
index, an indicator of inequality, saw over 10% increase between 1965 and 2006. The GDP per capita has
declined by USD 209 on average for every percentage point increase in the Gini coefficient. Fast growth,
coupled with ageing and unemployment, are key drivers of inequality in Asia. Employment is an
important factor in fighting both poverty and inequality. Absolute poverty is a condition characterised
by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities,
health, shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but also on access to services.
However, Asia is still some way away from ending moderate poverty (USD 3.20 per day). In 2014, there
were still over 420 million moderately poor in Asia. Regarding drivers of poverty, it is not surprising to
find that growth led to poverty reduction, but this benign impact is found to have diminished as
economies grow. That is, each percentage point of growth delivered less and less poverty reduction over
time. Other poverty-reducing factors include technological progress and trade exposure.

3. Provide the following :

a) current population of different ASEAN Countries;

b) latest human development Index of diff. ASEAN countries ( explain the meaning of the diff. HDI
values per ASEAN country );
The blue indicators shows the countries with a very high human development. The one with a green
indicator are the countries with a high human development and the ones with yellow indicator are
having medium human development.

c) Give the happiness index of diff. ASEAN countries;

d) Give the current literacy rate of diff. ASEAN countries;

e) Provide the top 7 major diseases per ASEAN country across year period (2017- 2020/2021);

f) current GDP/GNP (2020/2021);

$22.99 trillion
Current-dollar GDP increased 10.0 percent, or $2.10 trillion, in 2021 to a level of $22.99 trillion, in
contrast to a decrease of 2.2 percent, or $478.9 billion, in 2020

4. Cite and discuss the population policies between Philippines and China. ( use at least 4-5 references
as your basis for your discussion.

This history of the Philippine Population Commission, which was created in 1969, is summarized. In 1970
President F.E. Marcos defined the government's task in this area as: 1) educating the people on the
urgent need for population control; 2) disseminating knowledge on birth control techniques; and 3)
providing facilities, especially in rural areas. Funding began in 1971. The 4 basic policies are noncoercion,
integration, multiagency participation, and the partnership of the public and private sectors. The
noncoercion policy means that all birth control techniques are offered and couples are free to use or
reject whatever they wish. This has probably slowed the spread of family planning, but has also
minimized opposition. Family planning has never been the domain of 1 agency but has been
implemented through many agencies working together. Now it is being implemented through total
community development plans, of which family planning is merely 1 component. This approach puts
irrigation workers, agricultural development workers, and many others on the family planning team.
private agencies have also had an important role to play in the development of the total program. For
the past 5 years these have been mainly voluntary sociocivic and health associations whose interests are
very close to or naturally related to family planning. Now the entry of business into the Population
Program through the commercial contraceptive marketing program has enlarged the role of the private
sector in the diffusion of family planning products and services. It is possible that the partnership
between the public and private sectors may soon be based on segmentation of the target population
with government agencies going deep into rural areas while private organizations concentrate on urban
and adjacent rural areas. China began promoting the use of birth control and family planning with the
establishment of the People’s Republic in 1949, though such efforts remained sporadic and voluntary
until after the death of Mao Zedong in 1976. By the late 1970s China’s population was rapidly
approaching the one-billion mark, and the country’s new pragmatic leadership headed by Deng Xiaoping
was beginning to give serious consideration to curbing what had become a rapid population growth
rate. A voluntary program was announced in late 1978 that encouraged families to have no more than
two children, one child being preferable. In 1979 demand grew for making the limit one child per family.
However, that stricter requirement was then applied unevenly across the country among the provinces,
and by 1980 the central government sought to standardize the one-child policy nationwide. On
September 25, 1980, a public letter—published by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist
Party to the party membership—called upon all to adhere to the one-child policy, and that date has
often been cited as the policy’s “official” start date.

5. What are the gender and inequality issues in ASEAN countries (cite at least 3 ASEAN countries as
your focus in your discussion)
The Philippines has an impressive ranking when it comes to gender equality. With the country being
included in the top ten countries in the world for overall gender equality, it takes the crown for being
the most gender equal country in Asia.

The Philippines has achieved its prominent status for gender equality because it managed to improve
wage equality for men and women, increased female educational attainment, and significantly increased
women’s political empowerment, according to the Nikkei Asian Review. The large number of women in
high-ranking positions also contributes to the Philippines’ high gender equality ranking. A survey
conducted by Grant Thornton International shows that women hold 46.6% of senior management posts
in the Philippines, far exceeding the world average of 24.14%.

Meanwhile, Singapore, the most affluent country in Southeast Asia, ranks number one in the Asia-Pacific
for being the safest place for women to live. Along with impressive economic indicators, other factors
that contribute to Singapore’s ranking are proven in its institutions, strengthened by laws protecting
women against marital rape, sexual harassment, and domestic assault. Also, in contrast to the
Philippines, women in Singapore have greater access to birth control, sex education, and healthcare
resources.

Furthermore, Singapore’s high ranking in safety for women significantly contributes to its relatively high
and increasing labour force participation rate for women of 60%. Singapore’s safety plays a part in
increasing women’s incentive to work as they know that their security and wellbeing are protected by
the government.

The cultural sentiment in Southeast Asia around gender roles is a key hindering factor to gender equality
as it often reinforces patriarchy, which in turn, creates a male-dominated society. These patriarchal
beliefs impose gender stereotypes, in which women are expected to be submissive and, therefore, seen
as subordinate to their male counterparts. A 2014 report by Kemitraan, an Indonesian government
organisation, demonstrated that the patriarchal values present in Southeast Asian countries spread to
the state and social level, which in turn creates biases, such as belittling women representatives and
gendered perceptions of knowledge and analytical skills, that increase gender inequality.